apache tika判断文件类型

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2022-03-20 14:54 428阅读 0赞

判断文件类型一般可采用两种方式

1.  后缀名判断   
    简单易操作，但无法准确判断类型
2.  文件头信息判断   
    通常可以判断文件类型，但有些文件类型无法判断（如word和excel头信息的前几个字节是一样的，无法判断）

**使用apache.tika可轻松解决以上两种方式存在的问题**

# #

使用apache.tika判断文件类型

1. maven依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.tika</groupId>
        <artifactId>tika-core</artifactId>
        <version>1.9</version>
    </dependency>

2. 具体实现

private static String getMimeType(File file) {
            if (file.isDirectory()) {
                return "the target is a directory";
            }
    
            AutoDetectParser parser = new AutoDetectParser();
            parser.setParsers(new HashMap<MediaType, Parser>());
    
            Metadata metadata = new Metadata();
            metadata.add(TikaMetadataKeys.RESOURCE_NAME_KEY, file.getName());
    
            InputStream stream;
            try {
                stream = new FileInputStream(file);
                parser.parse(stream, new DefaultHandler(), metadata, new ParseContext());
                stream.close();
            } catch (TikaException | SAXException | IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
            return metadata.get(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE);
        }

3. 常见文件类型

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <th>MimeType</th> 
   <th>文件类型</th> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/msword</td> 
   <td>word(.doc)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-powerpoint</td> 
   <td>powerpoint(.ppt)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
   <td>excel(.xls)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document</td> 
   <td>word(.docx)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation</td> 
   <td>powerpoint(.pptx)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet</td> 
   <td>excel(.xlsx)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/x-rar-compressed</td> 
   <td>rar</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/zip</td> 
   <td>zip</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>application/pdf</td> 
   <td>pdf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>video/*</td> 
   <td>视频文件</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>image/*</td> 
   <td>图片文件</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>text/plain</td> 
   <td>纯文本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>text/css</td> 
   <td>css文件</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>text/html</td> 
   <td>html文件</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>text/x-java-source</td> 
   <td>java源代码</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>text/x-csrc</td> 
   <td>c源代码</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>text/x-c++src</td> 
   <td>c++源代码</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>