Zuul 路由网关

迈不过友情╰ 2022-03-17 01:52 336阅读 0赞

**SpringCloud 2018**

*  [微服务概述][Link 1]
 *  [SpringCloud 概述][SpringCloud]
 *  [微服务工程搭建][Link 2]
 *  [Eureka 服务注册与发现][Eureka]
 *  [Ribbon 客户端负载均衡][Ribbon]
 *  [Feign 服务接口调用][Feign]
 *  [Hystrix 断路器][Hystrix]
 *  [Zuul 路由网关][Zuul]
 *  [SpringCloud Config 分布式配置中心][SpringCloud Config]
 *  [SpringCloud 技术梳理][SpringCloud 1]

**GitHub**

*  [https://github.com/hjyang19/microservicecloud.git][https_github.com_hjyang19_microservicecloud.git]
 *  [https://github.com/hjyang19/microservicecloud-config.git][https_github.com_hjyang19_microservicecloud-config.git]

--------------------

### Zuul 路由网关 ###

*  1-Zuul 概述
 *   *  1.1-是什么
     *  1.2-能干嘛
 *  2-Zuul 路由配置
 *  3-Zuul 路由映射
 *   *  3.1-代理服务名称
     *  3.2-禁用服务名称
     *  3.3-统一公共前缀

--------------------

# 1-Zuul 概述 #

官网：[https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started][https_github.com_Netflix_zuul_wiki_Getting-Started]

## 1.1-是什么 ##

Zuul 包含了对请求的**路由**和**过滤**两个最主要的功能：

*  **路由功能**负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础
 *  **过滤器功能**则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础。

Zuul 和 Eureka 进行整合，将 Zuul 自身注册为 Eureka 服务治理下的应用，同时从 Eureka 中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过 Zuul 跳转后获得。注意：**Zuul 服务最终还是会注册进 Eureka**。

## 1.2-能干嘛 ##

**提供 = 代理 + 路由 + 过滤三大功能**

*  路由
 *  过滤

--------------------

# 2-Zuul 路由配置 #

**a、右击父工程 microservicecloud，新建子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**b、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527 中 pom.xml**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
    
        <artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

**c、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527，目录 /src/main/resources 中新建 application.yml**

**d、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527，目录 /src/main/java 中新建包 com.atguigu.springcloud**

**e、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527，包 com.atguigu.springcloud 中新建启动类 Zuul\_9527\_StartSpringCloudApp.java**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20201222200414149.png]

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableZuulProxy
    public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
        }
    }

**f、修改 Windows 网络映射配置**

找到 C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc 路径下的 hosts 文件，添加内容：

127.0.0.1 myzuul.com

**g、测试 Zuul 路由配置**

*  启动 Eureka 集群(子模块 microservicecloud-eureka-7001、microservicecloud-eureka-7002、microservicecloud-eureka-7003)
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201222201140746.png]
 *  不用路由：[http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2][http_localhost_8001_dept_get_2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201222201222979.png]
 *  启用路由：[http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2][http_myzuul.com_9527_microservicecloud-dept_dept_get_2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201222201353295.png]

--------------------

# 3-Zuul 路由映射 #

## 3.1-代理服务名称 ##

*  **代理前**：http://myzuul.com:9527/**microservicecloud-dept**/dept/get/2
 *  **代理后**：http://myzuul.com:9527/**mydept**/dept/get/1

**a、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527，目录 /src/main/resources 中 application.yml**  
![在这里插入图片描述][2020122310265835.png]

server:
      port: 9527
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
    
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
      instance:
        instance-id: gateway-9527.com
        prefer-ip-address: true
        
    zuul:
      routes:
        mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
        mydept.path: /mydept/**
    
    info:
      app.name: atguigu-microservicecloud
      company.name: www.atguigu.com
      build.artifactId: "@project.artifactId@"
      build.version: "@project.version@"

**b、测试 Zuul 代理服务名称**

*  启动 Eureka 集群(子模块 microservicecloud-eureka-7001、microservicecloud-eureka-7002、microservicecloud-eureka-7003)
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
 *  [http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2][http_myzuul.com_9527_microservicecloud-dept_dept_get_2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2020122310441793.png]
 *  [http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1][http_myzuul.com_9527_mydept_dept_get_1]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201223104438548.png]

## 3.2-禁用服务名称 ##

禁用 Url 中服务名称：禁用后 Url(http://myzuul.com:9527/**microservicecloud-dept**/dept/get/2) 不可访问，只可通过 Url(http://myzuul.com:9527/**mydept**/dept/get/1) 访问。

**a、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527，目录 /src/main/resources 中 application.yml**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20201223105514395.png]

server:
      port: 9527
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
    
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
      instance:
        instance-id: gateway-9527.com
        prefer-ip-address: true
    
    zuul:
      # ignored-services: "*" 禁用所有的服务名访问
      ignored-services: "microservicecloud-dept"
      routes:
        mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
        mydept.path: /mydept/**
    
    info:
      app.name: atguigu-microservicecloud
      company.name: www.atguigu.com
      build.artifactId: "@project.artifactId@"
      build.version: "@project.version@"

**b、测试 Zuul 禁用服务名称**

*  启动 Eureka 集群(子模块 microservicecloud-eureka-7001、microservicecloud-eureka-7002、microservicecloud-eureka-7003)
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
 *  [http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2][http_myzuul.com_9527_microservicecloud-dept_dept_get_2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]
 *  [http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1][http_myzuul.com_9527_mydept_dept_get_1]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201223104438548.png]

## 3.3-统一公共前缀 ##

*  **统一前**：http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
 *  **统一后**：http://myzuul.com:9527/**atguigu**/mydept/dept/get/1

**a、修改子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527，目录 /src/main/resources 中 application.yml**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20201223110402568.png]

server:
      port: 9527
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
    
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
      instance:
        instance-id: gateway-9527.com
        prefer-ip-address: true
    
    zuul:
      prefix: /atguigu
      # ignored-services: "*" 禁用所有的服务名访问
      ignored-services: "microservicecloud-dept"
      routes:
        mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
        mydept.path: /mydept/**
    
    info:
      app.name: atguigu-microservicecloud
      company.name: www.atguigu.com
      build.artifactId: "@project.artifactId@"
      build.version: "@project.version@"

**b、测试 Zuul 统一公共前缀**

*  启动 Eureka 集群(子模块 microservicecloud-eureka-7001、microservicecloud-eureka-7002、microservicecloud-eureka-7003)
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
 *  启动子模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
 *  [http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1][http_myzuul.com_9527_mydept_dept_get_1]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]
 *  [http://myzuul.com:9527/atguigu/mydept/dept/get/1][http_myzuul.com_9527_atguigu_mydept_dept_get_1]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201223110719261.png]

--------------------

[Link 1]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/83351983
[SpringCloud]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/83549698
[Link 2]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/83549746
[Eureka]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/72891766
[Ribbon]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/78775828
[Feign]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87869327
[Hystrix]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87869441
[Zuul]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87869589
[SpringCloud Config]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87869607
[SpringCloud 1]: https://hjyang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87869625
[https_github.com_hjyang19_microservicecloud.git]: https://github.com/hjyang19/microservicecloud.git
[https_github.com_hjyang19_microservicecloud-config.git]: https://github.com/hjyang19/microservicecloud-config.git
[https_github.com_Netflix_zuul_wiki_Getting-Started]: https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220317/f2fa470dae1345dcb6ab7ac47a169cb6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220317/146d11431fb1460a8c8f5bf113a7b376.png
[20201222200414149.png]: /images/20220317/d97ea74fb7514aeeb78a33409def96f6.png
[20201222201140746.png]: /images/20220317/114430ad2fea497da617148a0b19f432.png
[http_localhost_8001_dept_get_2]: http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2
[20201222201222979.png]: /images/20220317/cf444e3994ac44a698ff796d9109232d.png
[http_myzuul.com_9527_microservicecloud-dept_dept_get_2]: http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2
[20201222201353295.png]: /images/20220317/0aaea0b088a04edcb4313983e22a84a6.png
[2020122310265835.png]: /images/20220317/b3eb8d9902a04a7db6d53fc83f6a92db.png
[2020122310441793.png]: /images/20220317/ebea17b6711441bf9c2e23d81fdbb836.png
[http_myzuul.com_9527_mydept_dept_get_1]: http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
[20201223104438548.png]: /images/20220317/ca5b6d4ac4f34aafb6d029b02e828190.png
[20201223105514395.png]: /images/20220317/e3822c756db84706b9275e4f424afe0a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220317/32b4848731d646e0814308f33d9be511.png
[20201223110402568.png]: /images/20220317/7118bb79faff4ebd932f226026bc490b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3loajE5OTIwNDE3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220317/fc43105df6f64c78857a650d7572f32e.png
[http_myzuul.com_9527_atguigu_mydept_dept_get_1]: http://myzuul.com:9527/atguigu/mydept/dept/get/1
[20201223110719261.png]: /images/20220317/fdbf13116ca74d4fbf3fe856c48fa403.png