蓝桥杯之单片机设计与开发（29）——2012_第三届_蓝桥杯_省赛——“自动售水机”

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2022-03-16 17:22 194阅读 0赞

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**2019年3月14日更新**

越是简单的题也是容易出错！

审题错误：

1、题目要求读取光敏电阻电压值，应该读取PCF8591的AIN1数据，而我写的是读取RB2也就是AIN3的数据

2、题目要求出水量100ml/s，我写成了1L/s，更改定时器中断中数据

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这个题的编程部分，，，是真的简单！！！

### 1、题目 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1hpYW9tb19oYWE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

这个题真的没什么好说的，就一个AD和最基础的数码管显示，按键控制。

### 2、代码 ###

main.c

#include <stc15.h>
    #include "sys.h"
    
    bit mode = 0;
    bit flag_100ms = 0;
    u8 price = 50;		//price 0.5元/L  价格和全部需要*100
    u16 volume = 0, money = 0;
    
    void main(void)
    {
    	u16 val;
    	
    	All_Init();
    	Timer0Init();
    	EA = 1;
    	while(1)
    	{
    		//读取AD值控制LED程序
    		if(flag_100ms)
    		{
    			flag_100ms = 0;
    			val = Read_AIN(0x01);    //2019.3.14更新，更改为读取AIN1数据
    			if(val < 125)
    				Led_illume(0xfe);
    			else
    				Led_illume(0xff);
    		}
    		
    		Key_press();
    		Nixie_Show();
    	}
    }

sys.c

#include "sys.h"
    
    void All_Init(void)
    {
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;	//打开Y4C（LED）
    	P0 = 0xff;			//关闭LED
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;	//打开Y7C（数码管）
    	P0 = 0xff;			//关闭数码管
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;	//打开Y5C
    	P0 = 0x00;			//关闭蜂鸣器、继电器
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f;			//关闭所有使能
    }
    
    void Timer0Init(void)		//2毫秒@11.0592MHz
    {
    	AUXR |= 0x80;		//定时器时钟1T模式
    	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
    	TL0 = 0x9A;		//设置定时初值
    	TH0 = 0xA9;		//设置定时初值
    	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志
    	TR0 = 1;		//定时器0开始计时
    	ET0 = 1;
    }
    
    void Timer0(void) interrupt 1
    {
    	static u8 T0count1 = 0, T0count2 = 0;
    	
    	//控制接水程序
    	if(mode == 1)
    	{
    		T0count1 ++;
    		if(T0count1 >= 50)    //2019.3.14更新，原本是5改为现在的50,
    		{
    			T0count1 = 0;
    			volume ++;
    		}
    	}
    	
    	//100ms计时控制程序
    	T0count2 ++;
    	if(T0count2 >= 50)
    	{
    		T0count2 = 0;
    		flag_100ms = 1;
    	}
    	
    	//继电器控制程序
    	if(mode == 1)
    	{
    		if(volume < 9999)
    		{
    			P0 = 0x00;
    			P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;	//打开Y5C
    			P04 = 1;
    			P2 = P2 & 0x1f;			//关闭所有使能
    		}
    		else if(volume >= 9999)
    		{
    			mode = 0;
    			money = volume / 2;
    			volume = 0;
    		}
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		P0 = 0x00;
    		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;	//打开Y5C
    		P04 = 0;
    		P2 = P2 & 0x1f;			//关闭所有使能
    	}
    	
    	Key_Scan();
    	Nixie_Scan();
    }

sys.h

#ifndef _SYS_H_
    #define _SYS_H_
    
    typedef unsigned char u8;
    typedef unsigned int u16;
    typedef unsigned long u32;
    
    #include <stc15.h>
    #include <intrins.h>
    #include "iic.h"
    
    extern bit mode;
    extern bit flag_100ms;
    extern u8 price;
    extern u16 money, volume;
    
    void All_Init(void);
    void Timer0Init(void);
    
    void Key_Scan(void);
    void Key_drive(u8 key);
    void Key_press(void);
    
    void Nixie_Scan(void);
    void Nixie_Show(void);
    void Led_illume(u8 dat);
    
    
    #endif

display.c

#include "sys.h"
    
    u8 code Nixie[] = {0xc0, 0xf9, 0xa4, 0xb0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xf8, 
    									0x80, 0x90, 0x88, 0x83, 0xc6, 0xa1, 0x86, 0x8e, 
    									0xff, 0xbf};	//共阳数码管码字
    u8 NixieBuff[] = {0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff};	//数码管显示缓冲区，初值0xff确保启动时都不亮
    
    u8 smg1,smg2,smg3,smg4,smg5,smg6,smg7,smg8;
    
    //数码管显示
    void Nixie_Scan(void)
    {
    	static u8 index = 0;
    	
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;	//数码管消隐
    	P0 =0xff;
    	
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;	//数码管片选
    	P0 = 0x01 << index;
    	
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;	//数码管段选
    	P0 = NixieBuff[index];
    	P2 &= 0x1f;
    	index ++;
    	index &= 0x07;
    }
    
    //数码管显示
    void Nixie_Show(void)
    {
    	if(mode == 0)
    	{
    		smg1 = 16;
    		smg2 = price / 100;
    		smg3 = (price % 100) / 10;
    		smg4 = price % 10;
    		smg5 = money / 1000;
    		smg6 = (money % 1000) / 100;
    		smg7 = (money % 100) / 10;
    		smg8 = money % 10;
    	}
    	else if(mode == 1)
    	{
    		smg1 = 16;
    		smg2 = price / 100;
    		smg3 = (price % 100) / 10;
    		smg4 = price % 10;
    		smg5 = volume / 1000;
    		smg6 = (volume % 1000) / 100;
    		smg7 = (volume % 100) / 10;
    		smg8 = volume % 10;
    	}
    
    	NixieBuff[0] = Nixie[smg1];
    	NixieBuff[1] = Nixie[smg2] & 0x7f;
    	NixieBuff[2] = Nixie[smg3];
    	NixieBuff[3] = Nixie[smg4];
    	NixieBuff[4] = Nixie[smg5];
    	NixieBuff[5] = Nixie[smg6] & 0x7f;
    	NixieBuff[6] = Nixie[smg7];
    	NixieBuff[7] = Nixie[smg8];
    }
    
    void Led_illume(u8 dat)
    {
    	P0 = 0xff;
    	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;	//打开Y4C（LED）
    	P0 = dat;					//点亮LED
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f;
    }

key.c

#include "sys.h"
    
    u8 KeySta[] = {1, 1, 1, 1};			//键值存储区
    u8 Keybackup[] = {1, 1, 1, 1};	//键值备份区
    
    sbit S4 = P3^3;
    sbit S5 = P3^2;
    sbit S6 = P3^1;
    sbit S7 = P3^0;
    
    //按键扫描函数，在定时器中断里调用
    void Key_Scan(void)
    {
    	static u8 Keybuff[] = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};	//按键缓冲区
    	u8 i = 0;
    	
    	Keybuff[0] = (Keybuff[0] << 1) | S7;
    	Keybuff[1] = (Keybuff[1] << 1) | S6;
    	Keybuff[2] = (Keybuff[2] << 1) | S5;
    	Keybuff[3] = (Keybuff[3] << 1) | S4;
    	
    	for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    	{
    		if(Keybuff[i] == 0xff)				//按键松开
    			KeySta[i] = 1;
    		else if(Keybuff[i] == 0x00)		//按键按下
    			KeySta[i] = 0;
    		else				//键值不稳定
    		{}
    	}
    }
    
    void Key_drive(u8 key)
    {
    	if(key == 0)					//S7 开始接水
    		mode = 1;
    	else if((key == 1) && (mode == 1))			//S6 停止接水
    	{
    		mode = 0;
    		money = volume / 2;
    		volume = 0;
    	}
    }
    
    //检测按键是否按下，在main函数调用
    void Key_press(void)
    {
    	u8 i;
    	
    	for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++)
    	{
    		if(KeySta[i] != Keybackup[i])
    		{
    			if(Keybackup[i] != 0)		//按键松开时操作
    				Key_drive(i);
    			Keybackup[i] = KeySta[i];
    		}
    	}
    }

iic.c

#include "sys.h"
    
    #define somenop {_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();}    
    
    //总线引脚定义
    sbit SDA = P2^1;  /* 数据线 */
    sbit SCL = P2^0;  /* 时钟线 */
    
    //总线启动条件
    void IIC_Start(void)
    {
    	SDA = 1;
    	SCL = 1;
    	somenop;
    	SDA = 0;
    	somenop;
    	SCL = 0;	
    }
    
    //总线停止条件
    void IIC_Stop(void)
    {
    	SDA = 0;
    	SCL = 1;
    	somenop;
    	SDA = 1;
    }
    
    //应答位控制
    void IIC_Ack(bit ackbit)
    {
    	if(ackbit) 
    	{	
    		SDA = 0;
    	}
    	else 
    	{
    		SDA = 1;
    	}
    	somenop;
    	SCL = 1;
    	somenop;
    	SCL = 0;
    	SDA = 1; 
    	somenop;
    }
    
    //等待应答
    bit IIC_WaitAck(void)
    {
    	SDA = 1;
    	somenop;
    	SCL = 1;
    	somenop;
    	if(SDA)    
    	{   
    		SCL = 0;
    		IIC_Stop();
    		return 0;
    	}
    	else  
    	{ 
    		SCL = 0;
    		return 1;
    	}
    }
    
    //通过I2C总线发送数据
    void IIC_SendByte(unsigned char byt)
    {
    	unsigned char i;
    	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
    	{   
    		if(byt&0x80) 
    		{	
    			SDA = 1;
    		}
    		else 
    		{
    			SDA = 0;
    		}
    		somenop;
    		SCL = 1;
    		byt <<= 1;
    		somenop;
    		SCL = 0;
    	}
    }
    
    //从I2C总线上接收数据
    unsigned char IIC_RecByte(void)
    {
    	unsigned char da;
    	unsigned char i;
    	
    	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
    	{   
    		SCL = 1;
    		somenop;
    		da <<= 1;
    		if(SDA) 
    		da |= 0x01;
    		SCL = 0;
    		somenop;
    	}
    	return da;
    }
    
    unsigned char Read_AIN(unsigned char chn)
    {
    	unsigned char dat;
    	unsigned int val;
    	EA = 0;
    	IIC_Start();						//IIC总线起始信号							
    	IIC_SendByte(0x90);			//PCF8591的写设备地址		
    	IIC_WaitAck();  		    //等待从机应答		
    	IIC_SendByte(chn); 			//写入PCF8591的控制字节		
    	IIC_WaitAck();  				//等待从机应答						
    	IIC_Stop(); 						//IIC总线停止信号					
    	
    	IIC_Start();						//IIC总线起始信号									
    	IIC_SendByte(0x91); 	  //PCF8591的读设备地址		
    	IIC_WaitAck(); 			    //等待从机应答		
    	dat = IIC_RecByte();	  //读取PCF8591通道3的数据 			
    	IIC_Ack(0); 						//产生非应答信号				
    	IIC_Stop(); 						//IIC总线停止信号		
    	val = (dat * 500) / 255;
    	EA = 1;
    
    	return val;	
    }

iic.h

#ifndef _IIC_H
    #define _IIC_H
    
    //函数声明
    void IIC_Start(void); 
    void IIC_Stop(void);  
    void IIC_Ack(bit ackbit); 
    void IIC_SendByte(unsigned char byt); 
    bit IIC_WaitAck(void);  
    unsigned char IIC_RecByte(void); 
    unsigned char Read_AIN(unsigned char chn);
    
    #endif

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