（2）pySide2 Widget和Layout

比眉伴天荒 2022-03-15 15:11 254阅读 0赞

# QWidget和Layout的关系 #

The  PySide2.QtWidgets.QWidget  class is the base class of all user interface objects.

The widget is the atom of the user interface: it receives mouse, keyboard and other events from the window system, and paints a representation of itself on the screen. Every widget is rectangular, and they are sorted in a Z-order. A widget is clipped by its parent and by the widgets in front of it.

> QWidget是我们定制部件的最小单元，鼠标键盘等事件的相应会被直接反馈在屏幕上。每一个widget都是一个矩形。它们按照z轴顺序排列。每一个widget会被在他前面的widget遮挡。

A widget that is not embedded in a parent widget is called a window. Usually, windows have a frame and a title bar, although it is also possible to create windows without such decoration using suitable window flags ). In Qt, PySide2.QtWidgets.QMainWindow and the various subclasses of PySide2.QtWidgets.QDialog are the most common window types.

> widget可以被嵌套，最外层没有父级widget的widget我们称为window。通常window有一个frame 和一个title bar。然而 我们可以通过window flags参数来创建一个没有frame和title bar的window。在QT中QDialog的各个子类和QMainwindow 都是最普通的window。

Parameters:

*  parent – PySide2.QtWidgets.QWidget
 *  f – PySide2.QtCore.Qt.WindowFlags

windowflags参数大多数情况为默认值，不用填写。parent参数当需要制定父级元素时，填写父级元素

# Horizontal, Vertical, Grid, and Form Layouts #

水平布局

import sys
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QWidget,QHBoxLayout,QApplication,QPushButton
    
    app=QApplication(sys.argv)
    window =  QWidget()
    
    window = QWidget()
    button1 = QPushButton("One")
    button2 = QPushButton("Two")
    button3 = QPushButton("Three")
    button4 = QPushButton("Four")
    button5 = QPushButton("Five")
    
    layout = QHBoxLayout()
    layout.addWidget(button1)
    layout.addWidget(button2)
    layout.addWidget(button3)
    layout.addWidget(button4)
    layout.addWidget(button5)
    
    window.setLayout(layout)
    window.show()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

如果所示：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190303180043712.png]

垂直布局

import sys
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QWidget,QVBoxLayout,QApplication,QPushButton
    
    app=QApplication(sys.argv)
    window =  QWidget()
    
    window = QWidget()
    button1 = QPushButton("One")
    button2 = QPushButton("Two")
    button3 = QPushButton("Three")
    button4 = QPushButton("Four")
    button5 = QPushButton("Five")
    
    layout = QVBoxLayout()
    layout.addWidget(button1)
    layout.addWidget(button2)
    layout.addWidget(button3)
    layout.addWidget(button4)
    layout.addWidget(button5)
    
    window.setLayout(layout)
    window.show()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dvZF93ZW4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

网格布局

import sys
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QWidget,QGridLayout,QApplication,QPushButton
    
    app=QApplication(sys.argv)
    window =  QWidget()
    
    button1 =  QPushButton("One")
    button2 =  QPushButton("Two")
    button3 =  QPushButton("Three")
    button4 =  QPushButton("Four")
    button5 =  QPushButton("Five")
    
    layout =  QGridLayout()
    
    layout.addWidget(button1, 0, 0)
    layout.addWidget(button2, 0, 1)
    layout.addWidget(button3, 1, 0, 1, 2)
    layout.addWidget(button4, 2, 0)
    layout.addWidget(button5, 2, 1)
    
    window.setLayout(layout)
    window.show()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dvZF93ZW4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

网格布局中addwidget函数可以传入五个参数，分别如下五个参数  
**arg\_\_1:PySide2.QtWidgets.QWidget, row:int, column:int, rowSpan:int, columnSpan:int**

1.  Widget
2.  水平位置
3.  垂直位置
4.  水平占据网格个数
5.  垂直占据网格个数

网格布局

import sys
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QWidget,QFormLayout,QApplication,QLabel,QLineEdit
    
    app=QApplication(sys.argv)
    window =  QWidget()
    
    label1 =  QLabel("One")
    lineEdit1=QLineEdit()
    label2=  QLabel("Two")
    lineEdit2=QLineEdit()
    label3 =  QLabel("Three")
    lineEdit3=QLineEdit()
    label4 =  QLabel("Four")
    lineEdit4=QLineEdit()
    label5 =  QLabel("Five")
    lineEdit5=QLineEdit()
    
    layout =  QFormLayout()
    layout.addRow(label1,lineEdit1)
    layout.addRow(label2,lineEdit2)
    layout.addRow(label3,lineEdit3)
    layout.addRow(label4,lineEdit4)
    layout.addRow(label5,lineEdit5)
    
    window.setLayout(layout)
    window.show()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dvZF93ZW4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

[20190303180043712.png]: /images/20220315/12cdecceb57f41ae8a16eaeebc4a8ded.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dvZF93ZW4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220315/c4b07f0d914948b7800465d38f7ed14e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dvZF93ZW4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220315/dd94215019e34ef383068f6efe5502b3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dvZF93ZW4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220315/2ae7e54c39294d309b0d2aa6da04139c.png