kubernetes入门学习-四-基本命令学习-service ip了解-动态伸缩-回滚

布满荆棘的人生 2022-03-15 10:34 162阅读 0赞

\------------------------------------------  
kubectl命令：通过此命令对pod、service、replicaset、statefulet、daemonset、job、cronjob、node等完成增删查。  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl  
kubectl controls the Kubernetes cluster manager.

Find more information at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/

Basic Commands (Beginner):  
  create         Create a resource from a file or from stdin.  
  expose         Take a replication controller, service, deployment or pod and expose it as a new Kubernetes Service  
  run            Run a particular image on the cluster  
  set            Set specific features on objects

Basic Commands (Intermediate):  
  explain        Documentation of resources  
  get            Display one or many resources  
  edit           Edit a resource on the server  
  delete         Delete resources by filenames, stdin, resources and names, or by resources and label selector

Deploy Commands:  
  rollout        Manage the rollout of a resource  
  scale          Set a new size for a Deployment, ReplicaSet, Replication Controller, or Job  
  autoscale      Auto-scale a Deployment, ReplicaSet, or ReplicationController

Cluster Management Commands:  
  certificate    Modify certificate resources.  
  cluster-info   Display cluster info  
  top            Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage.  
  cordon         Mark node as unschedulable  
  uncordon       Mark node as schedulable  
  drain          Drain node in preparation for maintenance  
  taint          Update the taints on one or more nodes   污点

Troubleshooting and Debugging Commands:  解决问题的  
  describe       Show details of a specific resource or group of resources  
  logs           Print the logs for a container in a pod  
  attach         Attach to a running container  
  exec           Execute a command in a container  
  port-forward   Forward one or more local ports to a pod  
  proxy          Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server  
  cp             Copy files and directories to and from containers.  
  auth           Inspect authorization

Advanced Commands:  
  diff           Diff live version against would-be applied version  
  apply          Apply a configuration to a resource by filename or stdin  
  patch          Update field(s) of a resource using strategic merge patch  
  replace        Replace a resource by filename or stdin  
  wait           Experimental: Wait for a specific condition on one or many resources.  
  convert        Convert config files between different API versions

Settings Commands:  
  label          Update the labels on a resource  
  annotate       Update the annotations on a resource  
  completion     Output shell completion code for the specified shell (bash or zsh)

Other Commands:  
  api-resources  Print the supported API resources on the server  
  api-versions   Print the supported API versions on the server, in the form of "group/version"  
  config         Modify kubeconfig files  
  plugin         Provides utilities for interacting with plugins.  
  version        Print the client and server version information

Usage:  
  kubectl \[flags\] \[options\]

Use "kubectl <command> --help" for more information about a given command.  
Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all commands).  
==========================================  
查看版本信息  
kubectl version  
查看集群信息  
kubectl cluster-info  
查看节点详细信息  
kubectl describe node master/node01/node02  
kubectl describe svc nginx  
查看pod  
kubectl get pods/nodes  
kubectl get pods -o wide  
kubectl get deployments

删除pod  
kubectl delete pod nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm  
kubectl delete pod nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn  
kubectl delete svc nginx-deploy  
kubectl delete deployment wolf

kubectl get pods -o yaml | kubectl delete -f -  删除全部  
创建控制器  
kubectl run --help  
kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true  
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=2

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx  
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

kubectl run client --image=busybox --replicas=1 -it --restart=Never  
kubectl run wolf --image=busybox --replicas=2

暴露端口  
kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx-deploy --port=80 --protocol=TCP

动态伸缩  
kubectl scale --replicas=5 deployment nginx  
kubectl scale --replicas=3 deployment nginx

滚动升级  
kubectl set image deployment nginx nginx=nginx  这个环境没准备容器,感受一下过程  
kubectl rollout status deployment nginx

默认回滚到上一个版本  
kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx  
\-----------------------------------------  
service\_ip:service\_pod---->pod\_ip:port\_port    
被集群内部访问  
Type for this service: ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer, or ExternalName. Default is 'ClusterIP'  
kubectl expose --help  
kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx-deploy --port=80 --protocol=TCP  
kubectl get pod,svc

\------------------------------------------  
修改镜像站  
kubeadm config images pull --config image.yaml  
\------------------------------------------  
测试  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl version  
Client Version: version.Info\{Major:"1", Minor:"13", GitVersion:"v1.13.3", GitCommit:"721bfa751924da8d1680787490c54b9179b1fed0", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-02-01T20:08:12Z", GoVersion:"go1.11.5", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"\}  
Server Version: version.Info\{Major:"1", Minor:"13", GitVersion:"v1.13.3", GitCommit:"721bfa751924da8d1680787490c54b9179b1fed0", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-02-01T20:00:57Z", GoVersion:"go1.11.5", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"\}  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl cluster-info  
Kubernetes master is running at https://10.249.6.100:6443  
KubeDNS is running at https://10.249.6.100:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl describe node master  
Name:               master  
Roles:              master  
Labels:             beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64  
                    beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux  
                    kubernetes.io/hostname=master  
                    node-role.kubernetes.io/master=  
Annotations:        flannel.alpha.coreos.com/backend-data: \{"VtepMAC":"6a:63:a1:96:b6:66"\}  
                    flannel.alpha.coreos.com/backend-type: vxlan  
                    flannel.alpha.coreos.com/kube-subnet-manager: true  
                    flannel.alpha.coreos.com/public-ip: 10.249.6.100  
                    kubeadm.alpha.kubernetes.io/cri-socket: /var/run/dockershim.sock  
                    node.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: 0  
                    volumes.kubernetes.io/controller-managed-attach-detach: true  
CreationTimestamp:  Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:41 -0500  
Taints:             node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule  
Unschedulable:      false  
Conditions:  
  Type             Status  LastHeartbeatTime                 LastTransitionTime                Reason                       Message  
  ----             ------  -----------------                 ------------------                ------                       -------  
  MemoryPressure   False   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:33 -0500   KubeletHasSufficientMemory   kubelet has sufficient memory available  
  DiskPressure     False   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:33 -0500   KubeletHasNoDiskPressure     kubelet has no disk pressure  
  PIDPressure      False   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:33 -0500   KubeletHasSufficientPID      kubelet has sufficient PID available  
  Ready            True    Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500   Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:41:02 -0500   KubeletReady                 kubelet is posting ready status  
Addresses:  
  InternalIP:  10.249.6.100  
  Hostname:    master  
Capacity:  
 cpu:                40  
 ephemeral-storage:  266110Mi  
 hugepages-1Gi:      0  
 hugepages-2Mi:      0  
 memory:             32612544Ki  
 pods:               110  
Allocatable:  
 cpu:                40  
 ephemeral-storage:  251132903009  
 hugepages-1Gi:      0  
 hugepages-2Mi:      0  
 memory:             32510144Ki  
 pods:               110  
System Info:  
 Machine ID:                 904f126630e44103b404c0adc7b66d6f  
 System UUID:                4C023761-E90B-E611-9DB5-7CD30AB13074  
 Boot ID:                    e316bea7-ec44-4d1e-b9b6-e46e0cd74087  
 Kernel Version:             3.10.0-693.el7.x86\_64  
 OS Image:                   CentOS Linux 7 (Core)  
 Operating System:           linux  
 Architecture:               amd64  
 Container Runtime Version:  docker://18.9.2  
 Kubelet Version:            v1.13.3  
 Kube-Proxy Version:         v1.13.3  
PodCIDR:                     10.244.0.0/24  
Non-terminated Pods:         (8 in total)  
  Namespace                  Name                              CPU Requests  CPU Limits  Memory Requests  Memory Limits  AGE  
  ---------                  ----                              ------------  ----------  ---------------  -------------  ---  
  kube-system                coredns-86c58d9df4-fltl9          100m (0%)     0 (0%)      70Mi (0%)        170Mi (0%)     3h5m  
  kube-system                coredns-86c58d9df4-kdm2h          100m (0%)     0 (0%)      70Mi (0%)        170Mi (0%)     3h5m  
  kube-system                etcd-master                       0 (0%)        0 (0%)      0 (0%)           0 (0%)         3h4m  
  kube-system                kube-apiserver-master             250m (0%)     0 (0%)      0 (0%)           0 (0%)         3h4m  
  kube-system                kube-controller-manager-master    200m (0%)     0 (0%)      0 (0%)           0 (0%)         3h4m  
  kube-system                kube-flannel-ds-amd64-px2rk       100m (0%)     100m (0%)   50Mi (0%)        50Mi (0%)      168m  
  kube-system                kube-proxy-zndjb                  0 (0%)        0 (0%)      0 (0%)           0 (0%)         3h5m  
  kube-system                kube-scheduler-master             100m (0%)     0 (0%)      0 (0%)           0 (0%)         3h4m  
Allocated resources:  
  (Total limits may be over 100 percent, i.e., overcommitted.)  
  Resource           Requests    Limits  
  --------           --------    ------  
  cpu                850m (2%)   100m (0%)  
  memory             190Mi (0%)  390Mi (1%)  
  ephemeral-storage  0 (0%)      0 (0%)  
Events:              <none>

查看系统内部组件信息  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide  
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP             NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES  
coredns-86c58d9df4-fltl9         1/1     Running   0          4h      10.244.0.3     master   <none>           <none>  
coredns-86c58d9df4-kdm2h         1/1     Running   0          4h      10.244.0.2     master   <none>           <none>  
etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          3h59m   10.249.6.100   master   <none>           <none>  
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          3h59m   10.249.6.100   master   <none>           <none>  
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          3h59m   10.249.6.100   master   <none>           <none>  
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-78tgg      1/1     Running   0          3h43m   10.249.6.102   node02   <none>           <none>  
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-px2rk      1/1     Running   1          3h43m   10.249.6.100   master   <none>           <none>  
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qdbzq      1/1     Running   1          3h43m   10.249.6.101   node01   <none>           <none>  
kube-proxy-6fp6m                 1/1     Running   0          3h50m   10.249.6.102   node02   <none>           <none>  
kube-proxy-wv6gg                 1/1     Running   0          3h50m   10.249.6.101   node01   <none>           <none>  
kube-proxy-zndjb                 1/1     Running   0          4h      10.249.6.100   master   <none>           <none>  
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          3h59m   10.249.6.100   master   <none>           <none>  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get svc -n kube-system  
NAME       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE  
kube-dns   ClusterIP   10.96.0.10   <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP   4h4m  
\------------------------------------------  
创建控制器  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\#kubectl run --help  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\#kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\#kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get pods  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running   0          44m  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm   1/1     Running   0          59s

\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get pods -o wide  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES  
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running   0          46m     10.244.2.2   node02   <none>           <none>  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm   1/1     Running   0          2m40s   10.244.2.3   node02   <none>           <none>

\[root@node01 ~\]\# curl 10.244.2.2  
<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html>  
<head>  
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>  
<style>  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl delete pod nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm  
pod "nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm" deleted  
这里删除pod，容器随之删除，然后新建一个pod，新建一个容器到节点上  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\#   
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get pods -o wide  
NAME                            READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES  
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running             0          49m   10.244.2.2   node02   <none>           <none>  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          8s    <none>       node01   <none>           <none>  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get pods -o wide  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES  
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running   0          50m   10.244.2.2   node02   <none>           <none>  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          42s   10.244.1.2   node01   <none>           <none>

暴露端口  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx-deploy --port=80 --protocol=TCP  
service/nginx-deploy exposed  
\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl get pod,svc  
NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
pod/nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running   0          72m  
pod/nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          22m

NAME                   TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE  
service/kubernetes     ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        3h57m  
service/nginx          NodePort    10.98.181.177   <none>        80:31884/TCP   72m  
service/nginx-deploy   ClusterIP   10.98.81.246    <none>        80/TCP         55s  地址自动生产

这里访问是service地址，还是集群内部的节点访问  
\[root@node01 ~\]\# curl 10.98.81.246  
<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html>  
<head>  
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>  
<style>

\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl run client --image=busybox --replicas=1 -it --restart=Never

\----------------------------------------------  
内部dns  
其他机器查看状态  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pod  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
client                          1/1     Running   0          41s  
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running   0          92m  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          42m

\[root@master ingress-nginx\]\# kubectl run client --image=busybox --replicas=1 -it --restart=Never  
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.  
/ \# cat /etc/resolv.conf   
nameserver 10.96.0.10  
search default.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.local  这里的内部dns信息  
options ndots:5

\[root@node01 ~\]\# dig -t nginx.default.svc.cluster.local @10.96.0.10   使用这个dns就可以解析  
;; Warning, ignoring invalid type nginx.default.svc.cluster.local

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-73.el7\_6 <<>> -t nginx.default.svc.cluster.local @10.96.0.10  
; (1 server found)  
;; global options: +cmd  
;; Got answer:  
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 53567  
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 13, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 3

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:  
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096  
;; QUESTION SECTION:  
;.                IN    NS

;; ANSWER SECTION:  
.            30    IN    NS    f.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    k.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    e.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    g.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    j.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    b.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    i.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    c.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    m.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    h.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    l.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    a.root-servers.net.  
.            30    IN    NS    d.root-servers.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:  
a.root-servers.net.    30    IN    A    198.41.0.4  
b.root-servers.net.    30    IN    AAAA    2001:500:200::b

;; Query time: 5 msec  
;; SERVER: 10.96.0.10\#53(10.96.0.10)  
;; WHEN: Thu Feb 28 10:45:43 EST 2019  
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 511

\[root@node01 ~\]\#   
/ \# wget nginx  
Connecting to nginx (10.98.181.177:80)  
index.html           100% |\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*|   
这里我把pod删除，他会自动重新创建，在内部访问nginx 还是通，说明他内部dns ok  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pod  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
client                          1/1     Running   0          41s  
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn            1/1     Running   0          92m  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          42m

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl delete pod nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn  
pod "nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn" deleted  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pod  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
client                          1/1     Running   0          13m  
nginx-5c7588df-d6bfp            1/1     Running   0          31s  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          55m

index.html           100% |\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*|   612  0:00:0

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
client                          1/1     Running   0          16m  
nginx-5c7588df-d6bfp            1/1     Running   0          4m29s  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          59m  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods -o wide  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES  
client                          1/1     Running   0          17m     10.244.2.4   node02   <none>           <none>  
nginx-5c7588df-d6bfp            1/1     Running   0          4m38s   10.244.1.3   node01   <none>           <none>  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running   0          59m     10.244.1.2   node01   <none>           <none>

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl describe svc nginx  
Name:                     nginx  
Namespace:                default  
Labels:                   app=nginx  
Annotations:              <none>  
Selector:                 app=nginx   标签  
Type:                     NodePort  
IP:                       10.98.181.177  
Port:                     <unset>  80/TCP  
TargetPort:               80/TCP  
NodePort:                 <unset>  31884/TCP  
Endpoints:                10.244.1.3:80     这里对应关系很清楚，后端是那个  
Session Affinity:         None  
External Traffic Policy:  Cluster  
Events:                   <none>

pod和service之间的关系如上  
\-----------------------------------------  
随时可以改变对外地址  
kubectl eidt svc nginx  
将上面的IP10.98.181.177修改为188  
这里没有变化，不知道是不是不支持动态修改？？？  
换一个方式测试  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl delete svc nginx-deploy  
service "nginx-deploy" deleted  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get svc  
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE  
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        4h50m  
nginx        NodePort    10.98.181.177   <none>        80:31884/TCP   125m  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx  
Error from server (AlreadyExists): services "nginx" already exists

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get svc  
NAME           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE  
kubernetes     ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP        4h51m  
nginx          NodePort    10.98.181.177    <none>        80:31884/TCP   126m  
nginx-deploy   ClusterIP   10.100.251.191   <none>        80/TCP         5s

/ \# wget -O - -q nginx-deploy  
Connecting to nginx-deploy (10.100.251.191:80)  
index.html           100% |\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*|   612  0:00:00 ETA  
/ \#

service地址存在的意义就是这个，只要服务在，这些信息就动态反映到dns中去

标签选择器  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl describe deployment nginx-deploy  
Name:                   nginx-deploy  
Namespace:              default  
CreationTimestamp:      Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:51:39 -0500  
Labels:                 run=nginx-deploy  
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1  
Selector:               run=nginx-deploy   标签选择器  
Replicas:               1 desired | 1 updated | 1 total | 1 available | 0 unavailable  
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate  
MinReadySeconds:        0  
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge  
Pod Template:  
  Labels:  run=nginx-deploy     
  Containers:  
   nginx-deploy:  
    Image:        nginx:1.14-alpine  
    Port:         80/TCP  
    Host Port:    0/TCP  
    Environment:  <none>  
    Mounts:       <none>  
  Volumes:        <none>  
Conditions:  
  Type           Status  Reason  
  ----           ------  ------  
  Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable  
  Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable  
OldReplicaSets:  <none>  
NewReplicaSet:   nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6 (1/1 replicas created)  
Events:          <none>

创建两台  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl run wolf --image=busybox --replicas=2  
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.  
deployment.apps/wolf created

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get svc,pods  
NAME                   TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE  
service/kubernetes     ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP        27h  
service/nginx          NodePort    10.98.181.177    <none>        80:31884/TCP   25h  
service/nginx-deploy   ClusterIP   10.100.251.191   <none>        80/TCP         23h

NAME                                READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE  
pod/client                          1/1     Running            0          23h  
pod/myapp-9b4987d5-7qrh4            1/1     Running            0          17m  
pod/nginx-5c7588df-d6bfp            1/1     Running            0          23h  
pod/nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running            0          24h  
pod/wolf-57dbdfc67c-8pc96           0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   7          14m  
pod/wolf-57dbdfc67c-wzmn8           0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   7          14m  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods  
NAME                            READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE  
client                          1/1     Running            0          23h  
myapp-9b4987d5-7qrh4            1/1     Running            0          17m  
nginx-5c7588df-d6bfp            1/1     Running            0          23h  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running            0          24h  
wolf-57dbdfc67c-8pc96           0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   7          14m  
wolf-57dbdfc67c-wzmn8           0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   7          14m  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl delete pods wolf-57dbdfc67c-8pc96  
pod "wolf-57dbdfc67c-8pc96" deleted  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl delete pods wolf-57dbdfc67c-wzmn8  
pod "wolf-57dbdfc67c-wzmn8" deleted  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods  
NAME                            READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE  
client                          1/1     Running            0          23h  
myapp-9b4987d5-7qrh4            1/1     Running            0          18m  
nginx-5c7588df-d6bfp            1/1     Running            0          23h  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-87sgf   1/1     Running            0          24h  
wolf-57dbdfc67c-c85vg           0/1     Completed          2          33s  
wolf-57dbdfc67c-pqcsb           0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   1          20s

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get deployments  
NAME           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE  
myapp          1/1     1            1           32m  
nginx          1/1     1            1           25h  
nginx-deploy   1/1     1            1           24h  
wolf           0/2     2            0           29m

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl delete deployment wolf  
deployment.extensions "wolf" deleted  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get deployments  
NAME           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE  
myapp          1/1     1            1           34m  
nginx          1/1     1            1           25h  
nginx-deploy   1/1     1            1           24h  
\[root@master ~\]\#

从新创建两个  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=2  
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.  
deployment.apps/nginx created  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get deployments  
NAME           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE  
nginx          2/2     2            2           11s  
nginx-deploy   1/1     1            1           25h

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods -o wide  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES  
nginx-7849c4bbcd-d492t          1/1     Running   0          53s   10.244.2.11   node02   <none>           <none>  
nginx-7849c4bbcd-g7r2n          1/1     Running   0          53s   10.244.1.9    node01   <none>           <none>  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-mjcw5   1/1     Running   0          43m   10.244.2.9    node02   <none>           <none>

找一台docker容器进去ping  
\[root@node02 ~\]\# docker exec -it 9c3bd3d9c78c /bin/sh  
/ \# ping 10.244.2.11  
PING 10.244.2.11 (10.244.2.11): 56 data bytes  
64 bytes from 10.244.2.11: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.222 ms  
64 bytes from 10.244.2.11: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.068 ms  
^C  
\--- 10.244.2.11 ping statistics ---  
2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss  
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.068/0.145/0.222 ms  
/ \# ping 10.244.1.9  
PING 10.244.1.9 (10.244.1.9): 56 data bytes  
64 bytes from 10.244.1.9: seq=0 ttl=62 time=0.525 ms  
^C  
\--- 10.244.1.9 ping statistics ---  
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss  
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.525/0.525/0.525 ms

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl expose deployment nginx --name=nginx --port=80  
service/nginx exposed  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get svc  
NAME           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE  
kubernetes     ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP   28h  
nginx          ClusterIP   10.105.107.102   <none>        80/TCP    6s  
nginx-deploy   ClusterIP   10.100.251.191   <none>        80/TCP    24h

wget -O - -q nginx  
先进入容器编辑nginx index.html文件

随便进入一个容器  
 \[root@node02 ~\]\# docker exec -it 9c3bd3d9c78c /bin/sh  
/ \# wget -O - -q nginx  
wolf1  
/ \# wget -O - -q nginx  
laolang  
/ \# wget -O - -q nginx  
laolang  
/ \#   
/ \# wget -O - -q nginx  
laolang

/ \# while true;do wget -O - -q nginx/index.html;sleep 1;done  
laolang  
wolf1  
laolang  
wolf1  
wolf1  
laolang  
laolang  
wolf1  
wolf1

动态扩展  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl scale --replicas=5 deployment nginx  
deployment.extensions/nginx scaled  
/ \# while true;do wget -O - -q nginx/index.html;sleep 1;done  
1  
1  
1  
laolang  
laolang  
laolang  
2  
5  
2  
wolf1  
5  
1  
2  
wolf1  
2

动态缩减  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl scale --replicas=3 deployment nginx  
deployment.extensions/nginx scaled  
/ \# while true;do wget -O - -q nginx/index.html;sleep 1;done  
2  
laolang  
wolf1  
wolf1  
wolf1  
wolf1  
2  
wolf1  
wolf1  
wolf1  
laolang  
wolf1  
wolf1  
2  
laolang  
wolf1  
wolf1  
2  
laolang

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
nginx-7849c4bbcd-d492t          1/1     Running   0          24m  
nginx-7849c4bbcd-g7r2n          1/1     Running   0          24m  
nginx-7849c4bbcd-szsvq          1/1     Running   0          6m39s  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-mjcw5   1/1     Running   0          67

这里就说明了server ip的作用了

滚动升级  
kubectl set image deployment nginx nginx=nginx  这个环境没准备容器,感受一下过程  
kubectl rollout status deployment nginx

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl set image deployment nginx nginx=nginx  
deployment.extensions/nginx image updated

\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl rollout status deployment nginx  
deployment "nginx" successfully rolled out

再访问，已经覆盖我刚才手工修改的文件了  
/ \# while true;do wget -O - -q nginx/index.html;sleep 1;done  
<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html>  
<head>  
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>  
<style>  
    body \{  
        width: 35em;  
        margin: 0 auto;  
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;  
    \}  
</style>  
</head>  
<body>  
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>  
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and  
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to  
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>  
Commercial support is available at  
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

pods名称全部改变  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl get pods  
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE  
nginx-775ff75bc8-lzrts          1/1     Running   0          2m58s  
nginx-775ff75bc8-nj2m6          1/1     Running   0          2m56s  
nginx-775ff75bc8-q857h          1/1     Running   0          3m  
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-mjcw5   1/1     Running   0          74m

默认回滚到上一个版本  
kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx  
\[root@master ~\]\# kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx  
deployment.extensions/nginx rolled back

群名称：k8s学习群   群   号：153144292