企业分布式微服务云SpringCloud SpringBoot mybatis - 服务消费者（Feign）

- 日理万妓 2022-03-15 05:56 231阅读 0赞

一、Feign简介

Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端，它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign，只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性，可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon，并和Eureka结合，默认实现了负载均衡的效果。Spring Cloud大型企业分布式微服务云架构源码请加企鹅求求一七九一七四三三八零

简而言之：

Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解  
Feign 整合了ribbon  
二、准备工作

继续用上一节的工程， 启动eureka-server，端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次，端口分别为8762 、8773.

三、创建一个feign的服务

新建一个spring-boot工程，取名为serice-feign，在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka、Web的起步依赖spring-boot-starter-web，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     
        <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
        <artifactId>service-feign</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
     
        <name>service-feign</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
     
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
     
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
     
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
     
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
     
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
     
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
     
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>spring-milestones</id>
                <name>Spring Milestones</name>
                <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>false</enabled>
                </snapshots>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
     
     
    </project>

在工程的配置文件application.yml文件，指定程序名为service-feign，端口号为8765，服务注册地址为http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ，代码如下：

eureka:
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    server:
      port: 8765
    spring:
      application:
        name: service-feign

在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ，加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能：

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @EnableFeignClients
    public class ServiceFeignApplication {
     
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

定义一个feign接口，通过@ FeignClient（“服务名”），来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口，代码如下：

/**
     * Created by fangzhipeng on 2017/4/6.
     */
    @FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
    public interface SchedualServiceHi {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
        String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
    }

在Web层的controller层，对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口，通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下：

@RestController
    public class HiController {
     
        @Autowired
        SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){
            return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name);
        }
    }