RabbitMQ 入门案例

朱雀 2022-03-12 10:58 187阅读 0赞

> 这几天学习 RabbitMQ 在安装配置完成后,就迫不及待的编码了.
> 
> 以下是案例代码:

###  1.新建一个 springboot项目 / 或者maven项目. ###

**这里是maven的依赖:  pom.xml ,我这里是1.5.13的springboot .**

**如果是2.x的版本可能会不兼容.**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<groupId>top.jacktu</groupId>
    	<artifactId>springcloud-mq</artifactId>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    	<name>springcloud-mq</name>
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath /> 
    	</parent>
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

**application.yml配置**

这里**默认端口是 5672**不要搞错了,登陆界面的是 15672

spring:
      application:
        name: springcloud-mq
      rabbitmq: 
        host: 127.0.0.1
        port: 5672
        virtual-host: /
        username: guest
        password: guest

### 2.src 中的代码 ###

**2.1 QueueConfig 消息队列配置**

package top.jacktu.mq;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    /**
     * 创建消息队列
     * @author jacktu
     */
    @Configuration
    public class QueueConfig {
    	/**
    	 * 创建队列
    	 * 
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@Bean
    	public Queue createQueue() {
    		return new Queue("hello-queue");
    	}
    }

**2.2 Receiver 消息接收者**

package top.jacktu.mq;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * 消息接收者
     * @author jacktu
     */
    @Component
    public class Receiver {
    	/**
    	 * 接收消息的方法.采用消息队列监听机制.
    	 */
    	@RabbitListener(queues = "hello-queue")
    	public void process(String msg) {
    		System.out.println("receiver: "+msg);
    	}
    }

**2.3 Sender 消息发送者**

package top.jacktu.mq;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * 消息发送者
     * @author jacktu
     *
     */
    @Component
    public class Sender {
    	@Autowired
    	private AmqpTemplate rabbitAmqpTemplate;
      /**
       * 发送消息的方法
       */
    	public void send(String msg) {
    		//向消息队列发送消息
    		//参数一: 队列的名称
    		//参数二: 消息
    		this.rabbitAmqpTemplate.convertAndSend("hello-queue", msg);
    	}
    }

**2.4 SpringcloudMqApplication 项目启动类**

package top.jacktu.mq;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class SpringcloudMqApplication {
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudMqApplication.class, args);
    	}
    }

### 3.test 中的代码 ###

package top.jacktu.test;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    import top.jacktu.mq.Sender;
    import top.jacktu.mq.SpringcloudMqApplication;
    
    /**
     * 消息接收者
     * @author jacktu
     */
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest(classes=SpringcloudMqApplication.class)
    public class QueueTest {
      @Autowired
      private Sender sender;
      /*
       * 测试消息队列
       */
      @Test
      public void testMQ() {
    	  this.sender.send("Hello RabbitMQ");
      }
    }

### 4.启动测试类,查看效果 ###

**控制台输出:**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE0NDM3OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**RabbitMQ管理界面: **

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE0NDM3OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE0NDM3OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220312/e2237810a05e4b1d941ea0412a1f5aec.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE0NDM3OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220312/cc0f7ecbf7f84e039a15c5d06cdd87be.png