Android 实现 iBeacon

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2022-03-02 03:42 665阅读 0赞

# 蓝牙设备分为3种类型： #

*  Bluetooth设备（蓝牙BR/EDR）：只支持传统蓝牙的设备。
 *  Bluetooth Smart Ready 设备（蓝牙4.0双模）：同时支持传统蓝牙和LE模式的设备。
 *  Bluetooth Smart（BLE单模）：只支持LE模式的设备。Beacon设备只支持low energy protocols（LE低功耗协议），因此能靠一颗纽扣电池就能运行很长时间。

# BLE起源 #

BLE 起源于2006年的Nokia的Wibree技术，后被整合进蓝牙，在2010年发布的蓝牙4.0技术规范中成为其中一部分，协议栈入下图所示（它是一组与传统蓝牙不同的协议）

![在这里插入图片描述][20190319111434835.png]

# BLE 与传统蓝牙异同点 #

*  BLE 与传统蓝牙使用的都是相同的波段（2.4GHz - 2.4835GHz）。BLE协议的船速速率比较低，因此除了用于发现设备和做一些简单通信之外，不太适合用于传输大量的数据流。
 *  一台蓝牙设备可同时与其它七台蓝牙设备建立连接
 *  使用跳频频谱扩展技术，把频带分成若干个跳频信道（hop channel），在一次连接中，无线电收发器按一定的码序列不断地从一个信道“跳”到另一个信道
 *  数据传输速率可达1Mbit/s
 *  BLE和传统蓝牙信号都能覆盖到100米的范围
 *  BLE最大的优势是功耗降低了90%，同时传输距离超过传统蓝牙的100米，安全和稳定性提高（支持AES加密和CRC验证）

# iBeacon概述 #

iBeacon是苹果公司2013年9月发布的移动设备用OS（iOS7）上配备的新功能。其工作方式是，配备有低功耗蓝牙（BLE）通信功能的设备使用BLE技术向周围发送自己特有的ID，接收到该ID的应用软件会根据该ID采取一些行动。

例如：

*  在店铺里设置iBeacon通信模块的话，便可让iPhone和iPad上运行一资讯告知服务器，或者由服务器向顾客发送折扣券及进店积分。
 *  在家电发生故障或停止工作时使用iBeacon向应用软件发送资讯。
 *  微信的签到就是用iBeacon

# iBeacon 的特点 #

*  它采用BLE的广播信道传送信号，因此无需配对
 *  iBeacon 不具备传统意义上的数据传输功能。因为Beacon基站只推送位置信息，采用的是不可连接模式。
 *  可以通过Beacon基站进行定位，iBeacon本质上是通过rssi来判断设备与基站的距离。

# iBeacon 原理 #

iBeacon中一般有两个角色

*  基站/从机/外围设备（peripheral），发射端
 *  手机/主机/中心设备（central），接收者

发射端通过BLE的广告通信信道，以一定时间间隔向外广播数据包（Adverting Data，一般是每秒2-3次），每个信号中至少携带了三个主要信息：UUID、Major‘、Minor，这三个信号组成了一个iBeacon的唯一标识符。

当某个监听设备监听到这个广播数据的时候，就好发送 Scan Response Request，请求广播发送方发送扫描响应数据。

这两部分数据的长度都是固定的 31 字节。  
在 Android 中，系统会把这两个数据拼接在一起，返回一个 62 字节的数组。

# 系统支持 #

*  外围设备（Peripheral，发射信号）  
    Android 5.0+，即 api level >= 21  
    iOS7 以上
 *  中心设备（Central，接收信号）  
    Android 4.3+，即 api level >= 18

# Android 实现 iBeacon 的收发 #

## 添加权限 ##

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

## 检查BLE是否可用 ##

private boolean initBluetooth(Context context) {
    	//判断Android设备是否具有蓝牙特性
    	if(context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) {
    		bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
    		bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
        	//获取不到BluetoothAdapter，说明不支持BLE
    		return bluetoothAdapter != null;
    	} else {
    		bluetoothAdapter = null;
    		return false;
    	}
    }

## 开始广播 ##

private boolean startAdvertiser() {
    		if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21) return false;
    
    		if(!enableBluetooth()) return false;
    
    	    //获取BLE广播
    	    bluetoothLeAdvertiser = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
    	    if(bluetoothLeAdvertiser == null) {
    	        //设备不支持peripheral
    	        return false;
    	    }
    	    String beaconUuid = "fda50693-a4e2-4fb1-afcf-c6eb07647825";
    	    //java没有提供16bit的uuid，只有16字节（128bit）的uuid，所以不能设置serviceData
    		String serviceDataUuid =  "0-0-0-0-4386";
    	    String data = "7F7D7D26647D6564807CFEB947FA53745B5097C2b97C3A8363837C";
    	    try {
    	        bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(
    					createAdvertiseSettings(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY, true, 0, AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH),
    					createAdvertiseData(beaconUuid, (short)10028, (short)60350, (byte) -59, serviceDataUuid, data),
    					advertiseCallback);
    	        return true;
    	    } catch (Exception e) {
    	        e.printStackTrace();
    	        return false;
    	    }
    	}
    
        private AdvertiseSettings createAdvertiseSettings(int advertiseMode, boolean connectable, int timeoutMillis, int txPowerLevel) {
            AdvertiseSettings.Builder builder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
            		//广播模式：低功率、平衡、低延迟
            builder.setAdvertiseMode(advertiseMode)
    				//是否允许连接
    				.setConnectable(connectable)
    				//默认会广播3分钟（180秒），如果超时时间设置为0，则会取消时间限制
    				.setTimeout(timeoutMillis)
    				//发射功率：极低、低、中、高
    				.setTxPowerLevel(txPowerLevel);
            return builder.build();
        }
        /**
         * iBeacon 的 ManufacturerData（厂商自定义信息）
    	 * 01 byte	type = 0x02 指明它是 iBeacon 帧
    	 * 01 byte	len = 0x15 = 21
         * 16 byte	UUID
         * 02 byte	major
         * 02 byte	minor
         * 01 byte	tx power
         */
        private AdvertiseData createAdvertiseData(String beaconUuidStr, short major, short minor, byte txPower, String serviceDataUuidStr, String serviceData) {
        	//Beacon 标识符
        	byte beaconType = 0x02;
        	//Beacon 厂商自定义信息长度
        	byte beaconLen = 0x15;
    		//Company: Apple, Inc. <0x004C>
        	byte manufacturerId = 0x004c;
    
        	UUID beaconUuid = UUID.fromString(beaconUuidStr);
    
    		byte[] manufacturerSpecificData = new byte[23];
        	ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(manufacturerSpecificData);
        	bb.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
        	bb.put(beaconType)
    			.put(beaconLen)
    			.putLong(beaconUuid.getMostSignificantBits())
    			.putLong(beaconUuid.getLeastSignificantBits())
    			.putShort(major)
    			.putShort(minor)
    			.put(txPower);
    
    		AdvertiseData.Builder builder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
        		//广播服务的UUID
    //    		builder.addServiceUuid(uuid)
        		//添加服务数据UUID和服务数据
    //    		builder.addServiceData(ParcelUuid.fromString(serviceDataUuidStr), str2bcd(serviceData))
        		//添加制造商ID和数据
    			builder.addManufacturerData(manufacturerId, manufacturerSpecificData)
        		//广播是否包含设备名
        		.setIncludeDeviceName(false)
        		//广播是否包含发射功率等级
        		.setIncludeTxPowerLevel(false);
    
            return builder.build();
        }

## 停止广播 ##

private void stopAdvertising() {
    		if(bluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
    			bluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(advertiseCallback);
    		}
    	}

## 下面分析一下 startAdvertising 源码 ##

/**
    开启BLE广播。如果操作成功，广播数据将会被广播出去。当设备扫描到这个广播之后，会发送一个扫描请求，请求发送方返回扫描响应数据。该方法调用之后会立即返回，操作的结果通过回调函数分发。
     * Start Bluetooth LE Advertising. The {@code advertiseData} will be broadcasted if the
     * operation succeeds. The {@code scanResponse} is returned when a scanning device sends an
     * active scan request. This method returns immediately, the operation status is delivered
     * through {@code callback}.
     * <p>
     * Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#BLUETOOTH_ADMIN}
     *
     * @param settings Settings for Bluetooth LE advertising.
     * @param advertiseData Advertisement data to be advertised in advertisement packet.
     * @param scanResponse Scan response associated with the advertisement data.
     * @param callback Callback for advertising status.
     */
    public void startAdvertising(AdvertiseSettings settings,
    		AdvertiseData advertiseData, AdvertiseData scanResponse,
    		final AdvertiseCallback callback) {
    	synchronized (mLegacyAdvertisers) {
    //判断蓝牙状态
    		BluetoothLeUtils.checkAdapterStateOn(mBluetoothAdapter);
    		if (callback == null) {
    			throw new IllegalArgumentException("callback cannot be null");
    		}
    //获取周边设备是否可连接
    		boolean isConnectable = settings.isConnectable();
    //计算总字节数，	当可连接时，初始3字节。最大数据为31字节
    		if (totalBytes(advertiseData, isConnectable) > MAX_LEGACY_ADVERTISING_DATA_BYTES
    				|| totalBytes(scanResponse, false) > MAX_LEGACY_ADVERTISING_DATA_BYTES) {
    //当错误时，通过 new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()) 主线程的消息循环处理器，将事件在主线程中回调
    			postStartFailure(callback, AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_DATA_TOO_LARGE);
    			return;
    		}
    //如果start成功，那么callback会被当作键值存储到mLegacyAdvertisers列表中（如果列表已经包含该项，则说明已启动）
    		if (mLegacyAdvertisers.containsKey(callback)) {
    			postStartFailure(callback, AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED);
    			return;
    		}
    
    //Builder模式（建造者模式），属于设计模式中的一种，用来解决构造函数参数太多的问题。Builder模式的代码量会比正常多不少，但是随之带来的好处是代码的可读性和可维护性。但是，往往一个好的设计模式或架构，就是在牺牲某一种能力从而大大增强另一种能力
    		AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder parameters = new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder();
    //当设置为true的时候，会发送符合4.x规范的广播
    		parameters.setLegacyMode(true);
    		parameters.setConnectable(isConnectable);
    		parameters.setScannable(true); // legacy advertisements we support are always scannable
    //根据事先定义的常量，配置广播间隔
    		if (settings.getMode() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_POWER) {
    			parameters.setInterval(1600); // 1s
    		} else if (settings.getMode() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_BALANCED) {
    			parameters.setInterval(400); // 250ms
    		} else if (settings.getMode() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY) {
    			parameters.setInterval(160); // 100ms
    		}
    //根据事先定义的常量，设置信号强度等级
    		if (settings.getTxPowerLevel() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_ULTRA_LOW) {
    			parameters.setTxPowerLevel(-21);
    		} else if (settings.getTxPowerLevel() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_LOW) {
    			parameters.setTxPowerLevel(-15);
    		} else if (settings.getTxPowerLevel() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM) {
    			parameters.setTxPowerLevel(-7);
    		} else if (settings.getTxPowerLevel() == AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH) {
    			parameters.setTxPowerLevel(1);
    		}
    //广播间隔，单位10ms
    		int duration = 0;
    		int timeoutMillis = settings.getTimeout();
    		if (timeoutMillis > 0) {
    			duration = (timeoutMillis < 10) ? 1 : timeoutMillis / 10;
    		}
    
    		AdvertisingSetCallback wrapped = wrapOldCallback(callback, settings);
    //键是BLE广播操作的回调，值是改变BLE广播设置的回调
    		mLegacyAdvertisers.put(callback, wrapped);
    //通过gatt开启广播
    		startAdvertisingSet(parameters.build(), advertiseData, scanResponse, null, null,
    				duration, 0, wrapped);
    	}
    }

### 参数简析 ###

*  AdvertiseSettings settings：广播参数设置
    
     *  int mAdvertiseMode（电量模式）
     *  int mAdvertiseTxPowerLevel（信号强度）
     *  int mAdvertiseTimeoutMillis（发射间隔）
     *  boolean mAdvertiseConnectable（是否允许连接）
 *  AdvertiseData advertiseData：外围设备按照一定的时间间隔向空中发送广播包
    
     *  List<ParcelUuid> mManufacturerSpecificData（厂商自定义UUID）
     *  Map<ParcelUuid, byte\[\]> mServiceData（UUID对应的数据）
     *  boolean mIncludeTxPowerLevel（是否包含发射信号等级）
     *  boolean mIncludeDeviceName（是否包含设备名）
 *  AdvertiseData scanResponse：当某个设备监听到这个广播数据的时候，会通过发送Scan Response Request
 *  AdvertiseCallback callback： 广播回调函数
    
     *  void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect)
     *  void onStartFailure(int errorCode)

#### AdvertiseSettings ####

public final class AdvertiseSettings implements Parcelable {
        /** 低功耗广播，
         * Perform Bluetooth LE advertising in low power mode. This is the default and preferred
         * advertising mode as it consumes the least power.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_POWER = 0; 
    
        /** 性能平衡方式广播
         * Perform Bluetooth LE advertising in balanced power mode. This is balanced between advertising
         * frequency and power consumption.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_MODE_BALANCED = 1;
    
        /** 低延迟广播
         * Perform Bluetooth LE advertising in low latency, high power mode. This has the highest power
         * consumption and should not be used for continuous background advertising.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY = 2;
    
        /** 极低的功率
         * Advertise using the lowest transmission (TX) power level. Low transmission power can be used
         * to restrict the visibility range of advertising packets.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_ULTRA_LOW = 0;
    
        /** 低功率
         * Advertise using low TX power level.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_LOW = 1;
    
        /** 中等功率
         * Advertise using medium TX power level.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM = 2;
    
        /** 高功率
         * Advertise using high TX power level. This corresponds to largest visibility range of the
         * advertising packet.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH = 3;
    
        /** 最大的广播发送间隔（SIG，Special Interest Group，蓝牙兴趣小组）
         * The maximum limited advertisement duration as specified by the Bluetooth SIG
         */
        private static final int LIMITED_ADVERTISING_MAX_MILLIS = 180 * 1000;

#### AdvertiseCallback ####

/**
    BLE广播的回调，用来分发广播操作的状态
     * Bluetooth LE advertising callbacks, used to deliver advertising operation status.
     */
    public abstract class AdvertiseCallback {
    
        /** 广播成功
         * The requested operation was successful.
         *
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_SUCCESS = 0;
    
        /** 广播失败，数据超过了31字节
         * Failed to start advertising as the advertise data to be broadcasted is larger than 31 bytes.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_FAILED_DATA_TOO_LARGE = 1;
    
        /** 广播失败，无可用的实例
         * Failed to start advertising because no advertising instance is available.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_FAILED_TOO_MANY_ADVERTISERS = 2;
    
        /** 广播已经开启
         * Failed to start advertising as the advertising is already started.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED = 3;
    
        /** 广播失败，由于内部错误
         * Operation failed due to an internal error.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR = 4;
    
        /** 平台不支持该特性
         * This feature is not supported on this platform.
         */
        public static final int ADVERTISE_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED = 5;

#### AdvertisingSetCallback ####

/**
    BLE广播设置改变的回调，用来分发广播操作的状态
     * Bluetooth LE advertising set callbacks, used to deliver advertising operation
     * status.
     */
    public abstract class AdvertisingSetCallback {
    	//省略的常量定义和 AdvertiseCallback 一致
    	...
      /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link BluetoothLeAdvertiser#startAdvertisingSet}
         * indicating result of the operation. If status is ADVERTISE_SUCCESS, then advertisingSet
         * contains the started set and it is advertising. If error occured, advertisingSet is
         * null, and status will be set to proper error code.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set that was started or null if error.
         * @param txPower tx power that will be used for this set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int txPower, int status) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link BluetoothLeAdvertiser#stopAdvertisingSet}
         * indicating advertising set is stopped.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         */
        public void onAdvertisingSetStopped(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link BluetoothLeAdvertiser#startAdvertisingSet}
         * indicating result of the operation. If status is ADVERTISE_SUCCESS, then advertising set is
         * advertising.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onAdvertisingEnabled(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, boolean enable, int status) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#setAdvertisingData} indicating
         * result of the operation. If status is ADVERTISE_SUCCESS, then data was changed.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onAdvertisingDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#setAdvertisingData} indicating
         * result of the operation.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onScanResponseDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#setAdvertisingParameters}
         * indicating result of the operation.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param txPower tx power that will be used for this set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onAdvertisingParametersUpdated(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet,
                int txPower, int status) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#setPeriodicAdvertisingParameters}
         * indicating result of the operation.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onPeriodicAdvertisingParametersUpdated(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int status) {
        }
    
        /**
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#setPeriodicAdvertisingData}
         * indicating result of the operation.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onPeriodicAdvertisingDataSet(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet,
                int status) {
        }
    
        /**
    advertisingSet.setPeriodicAdvertisingEnabled返回void，它通过调用mGatt.setPeriodicAdvertisingEnabled(mAdvertiserId, enable)异步设置是否启用，然后通过回调函数返回
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#setPeriodicAdvertisingEnabled}
         * indicating result of the operation.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param status Status of the operation.
         */
        public void onPeriodicAdvertisingEnabled(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, boolean enable,
                int status) {
        }
    
        /**
    advertisingSet.getOwnAddress返回void，它通过调用mGatt.getOwnAddress(mAdvertiserId)异步获取地址，获取到之后，通过回调函数返回
         * Callback triggered in response to {@link AdvertisingSet#getOwnAddress()}
         * indicating result of the operation.
         *
         * @param advertisingSet The advertising set.
         * @param addressType type of address.
         * @param address advertising set bluetooth address.
         * @hide
         */
        public void onOwnAddressRead(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet, int addressType, String address) {
        }
    }

# 接收广播 #

(略)

# 测试工具推荐 #

nRF Connect  
[https://connect.nrf.com/][https_connect.nrf.com]

# 完整代码 #

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    
    	private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1001;
    	private TextView textview;
    	
    	private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
    	private BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser; 
    	private AdvertiseCallback advertiseCallback = new AdvertiseCallback() {
    		@Override
    		public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect) {
    			//开启广播成功的回调
    			textview.setText("微信摇一摇开启成功");
    		}
    		@Override
    		public void onStartFailure(int errorCode) {
    			//开启广播失败的回调
    			textview.setText("微信摇一摇开启失败，" + errorCode);
    		}
    	};
    	
    	@Override
    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    		
    		textview = findViewById(R.id.textview);
    		textview.setText("需要安卓5.0及以上的手机才能使用该功能");
    		startAdvertiser();
    	}
    	
    	@Override
    	protected void onDestroy() {
    		super.onDestroy();
    		stopAdvertising();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    		if(requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT) {
    			if(resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
    				startAdvertiser();
    			} else {
    				textview.setText("不打开蓝牙无法使用微信摇一摇");
    			}
    		}
    	}
    
    	private boolean enableBluetooth() {
    		bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    		if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
    			Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
    			startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
    			return false;
    		}
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	private void stopAdvertising() {
    		if(bluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
    			bluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(advertiseCallback);
    		}
    	}
    	
    	private boolean startAdvertiser() {
    		if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21) return false;
    
    		if(!enableBluetooth()) return false;
    
    	    //获取BLE广播
    	    bluetoothLeAdvertiser = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
    	    if(bluetoothLeAdvertiser == null) {
    	        //设备不支持peripheral
    	        return false;
    	    }
    	    String beaconUuid = "fda50693-a4e2-4fb1-afcf-c6eb07647825";
    	    //java没有提供16bit的uuid，只有16字节（128bit）的uuid，所以不能设置serviceData
    		String serviceDataUuid =  "0-0-0-0-4386";
    	    String data = "7F7D7D26647D6564807CFEB947FA53745B5097C2b97C3A8363837C";
    	    try {
    	        bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(
    					createAdvertiseSettings(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY, true, 0, AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH),
    					createAdvertiseData(beaconUuid, (short)10028, (short)60350, (byte) -59, serviceDataUuid, data),
    					advertiseCallback);
    	        return true;
    	    } catch (Exception e) {
    	        e.printStackTrace();
    	        return false;
    	    }
    	}
    
        private AdvertiseSettings createAdvertiseSettings(int advertiseMode, boolean connectable, int timeoutMillis, int txPowerLevel) {
            AdvertiseSettings.Builder builder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
            		//广播模式：低功率、平衡、低延迟
            builder.setAdvertiseMode(advertiseMode)
    				//是否允许连接
    				.setConnectable(connectable)
    				//默认会广播3分钟（180秒），如果超时时间设置为0，则会取消时间限制
    				.setTimeout(timeoutMillis)
    				//发射功率：极低、低、中、高
    				.setTxPowerLevel(txPowerLevel);
            return builder.build();
        }
        /**
         * iBeacon 的 ManufacturerData（厂商自定义信息）
    	 * 01 byte	type = 0x02 指明它是 iBeacon 帧
    	 * 01 byte	len = 0x15 = 21
         * 16 byte	UUID
         * 02 byte	major
         * 02 byte	minor
         * 01 byte	tx power
         */
        private AdvertiseData createAdvertiseData(String beaconUuidStr, short major, short minor, byte txPower, String serviceDataUuidStr, String serviceData) {
        	//Beacon 标识符
        	byte beaconType = 0x02;
        	//Beacon 厂商自定义信息长度
        	byte beaconLen = 0x15;
    		//Company: Apple, Inc. <0x004C>
        	byte manufacturerId = 0x004c;
    
        	UUID beaconUuid = UUID.fromString(beaconUuidStr);
    
    		byte[] manufacturerSpecificData = new byte[23];
        	ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(manufacturerSpecificData);
        	bb.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
        	bb.put(beaconType)
    			.put(beaconLen)
    			.putLong(beaconUuid.getMostSignificantBits())
    			.putLong(beaconUuid.getLeastSignificantBits())
    			.putShort(major)
    			.putShort(minor)
    			.put(txPower);
    
    		AdvertiseData.Builder builder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
        		//广播服务的UUID
    //    		builder.addServiceUuid(uuid)
        		//添加服务数据UUID和服务数据
    //    		builder.addServiceData(ParcelUuid.fromString(serviceDataUuidStr), str2bcd(serviceData))
        		//添加制造商ID和数据
    			builder.addManufacturerData(manufacturerId, manufacturerSpecificData)
        		//广播是否包含设备名
        		.setIncludeDeviceName(false)
        		//广播是否包含发射功率等级
        		.setIncludeTxPowerLevel(false);
    
            return builder.build();
        }
    
    	public static String bcd2Str(byte[] bytes) {
    		StringBuffer temp = new StringBuffer(bytes.length * 2);
    		for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
    			temp.append((byte) ((bytes[i] & 0xf0) >>> 4));
    			temp.append((byte) (bytes[i] & 0x0f));
    		}
    		return temp.toString();
    	}
    
    	public static byte [] str2bcd(String s)
    	{
    		if(s.length () % 2 != 0) {
    			s = "0" + s;
    		}
    		ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream ();
    		char [] cs = s.toCharArray ();
    		for (int i = 0; i < cs.length; i += 2)
    		{
    			int high = cs [i] - 48;
    			int low = cs [i + 1] - 48;
    			baos.write (high << 4 | low);
    		}
    		return baos.toByteArray ();
    	}
    
    }

以上测试代码主要用来模拟本公司微信签到的 iBeacon，实测可用。  
但是 ParcelUUID 和 UUID都只提供了128-bit 的构造方法（内部都是两个long实现的），没有找到 16bit 的构造方法，所以 ServiceData 模拟不出来！！！

![在这里插入图片描述][20190329165211973.png]

[20190319111434835.png]: /images/20220302/db0fbb22e27c465a83bcde3aa7e40538.png
[https_connect.nrf.com]: https://connect.nrf.com/
[20190329165211973.png]: /images/20220302/a9e7bb3d73b646349ef3f3b624c7bb56.png