java架构搭建（七）--HttpURLConnection与HttpClient工具类实例

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-03-01 03:34 211阅读 0赞

在项目中使用到HttpClient，也尝试使用了HttpURLConnection。写成一个工具类，方便以后调用，同时也作为两者

使用的对比。

NetUtil

package org.base.common.net;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.DataOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
    
    /**
     * HttpClient与HttpURLConnection使用实例
     * @author lushuaiyin
     *
     */
    public class NetUtil {
    	private static String METHOD_TYPE_GET="GET";
    	private static String METHOD_TYPE_POST="POST";
    	
    	public static String requestByHttpURLConnection(String protocol,String host,int port,String action,Map paramsMap,String methodType){
    		String result="";
    		String url="";
    		String urlParam="";
    		if(protocol==null||protocol.trim().equals("")){
    			protocol="http";
    		}
    		if(host==null||host.trim().equals("")||action==null||action.trim().equals("")){
    			System.out.println("客户端----url 参数不完整，请检查传参！");
    		}else{
    			if(action.startsWith("/")){
    				action=action.substring(1);
    			}
    			url+=protocol+"://"+host.trim()+":"+String.valueOf(port)+"/"+action.trim();
    			//参数
    			if(paramsMap==null||paramsMap.size()<=0){
    				
    			}else{
    				int i=0;
    				for(Iterator it=paramsMap.keySet().iterator();it.hasNext();i++){
    					String key=(String)it.next();
    					String value=(String)paramsMap.get(key);
    					try {
    						if(i==0){
    							urlParam+="?"+key+"="+URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
    					    }else{
    					    	urlParam+="&"+key+"="+URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
    					    }
    					} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    						e.printStackTrace();
    					}
    					
    				}
    			}
    		}
    		
    		OutputStream os=null;
    		InputStream is=null;;
    		InputStreamReader isr=null;;
    		BufferedReader br=null;
    		try{
    			
    			if(methodType==null||methodType.trim().equals("")){
    				methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET;
    				url+=urlParam;
    			}else if(methodType.trim().equals(NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET)){
    				methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET;
    				url+=urlParam;
    			}else if(methodType.trim().equals(NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST)){//post请求
    				methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST;
    			}else{
    				methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET;
    				url+=urlParam;
    			}
    			URL requestUrl=new URL(url);
    			HttpURLConnection connect=(HttpURLConnection)requestUrl.openConnection();
    			
    			System.out.println("客户端----请求url："+url);
    			
    			connect.setDoInput(true);//是否可读
    			connect.setDoOutput(true);//是否可写
    			connect.setRequestMethod(methodType);
    			connect.setUseCaches(false);//是否用缓存
    			connect.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/plain");
    			connect.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
    			connect.setConnectTimeout(60*1000);
    			connect.setReadTimeout(60*1000);
    			
    			connect.connect();
    			
    			//post与get请求发送方式不同,参数是通过OutputStream发送
    			if(methodType.trim().equals(NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST)){
    //				DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(connect
    //		                .getOutputStream());
    //				String aa="?myhobby=assssss";
    //				out.writeBytes(aa);
    				
    				
    				os=connect.getOutputStream();
    				os.write(urlParam.getBytes("UTF-8"));
    				os.flush();
    				os.close();
    			}
    			//读取返回信息
    			if(connect.getInputStream()!=null){
    				is=connect.getInputStream();
    				isr=new InputStreamReader(is);
    				br=new BufferedReader(isr);
    				
    				StringBuffer buf=new StringBuffer("");
    				String temp="";
    				while((temp=br.readLine())!=null){
    					buf.append(temp);
    				}
    				result=buf.toString();
    			}else{
    				System.out.println("客户端----返回流为空");
    			}
    			
    			
    		}catch(Exception e){
    			result="客户端----请求异常，请联系管理员。";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}finally{
    			try{
    				if(br!=null){
    					br.close();
    				}
    				if(isr!=null){
    					isr.close();
    				}
    				if(is!=null){
    					is.close();
    				}
    				if(os!=null){
    					os.close();
    				}
    			}catch (IOException e) {
    				e.printStackTrace();
    			}
    			
    		}
    		System.out.println("客户端----httpURLConnection使用方法："+methodType+",并收到响应信息如下：");
    		System.out.println(result);
    		return result;
    	}
    	//
    	
    	public static String requestByHttpClient(String protocol,String host,int port,String action,Map paramsMap,String methodType){
    		String result="";
    		if(protocol==null||protocol.trim().equals("")){
    			protocol="http";
    		}
    		if(methodType==null||methodType.trim().equals("")){
    			methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET;
    		}else if(methodType.trim().equals(NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET)){
    			methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET;
    		}else if(methodType.trim().equals(NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST)){//post请求
    			methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST;
    		}else{
    			methodType=NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET;
    		}
    		if(action.startsWith("/")){
    			action=action.substring(1);
    		}
    		
    		//参数
    		NameValuePair[] params=null;
    		String urlParam="";
    		if(paramsMap==null||paramsMap.size()<=0){
    			
    		}else{
    			params=new NameValuePair[paramsMap.size()];
    			int i=0;
    			for(Iterator it=paramsMap.keySet().iterator();it.hasNext();i++){
    				String key=(String)it.next();
    				String value=(String)paramsMap.get(key);
    				NameValuePair pa=null;
    				try {
    					pa = new NameValuePair(key,URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8"));
    					
    					if(i==0){
    						urlParam+="?"+key+"="+URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
    				    }else{
    				    	urlParam+="&"+key+"="+URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");;
    				    }
    				} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    				params[i]=pa;
    				
    				
    			}
    		}
    		
    		
    		HttpClient http=new HttpClient();
    		GetMethod getMethod=null;
    		PostMethod postMethod=null;
    		String url=protocol+"://"+host+":"+String.valueOf(port)+"/"+action+urlParam;
    		System.out.println("客户端----请求url："+url);
    		
    		http.getHostConfiguration().setHost(host, port, protocol);
    		if(methodType==NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET){
    			getMethod=new GetMethod("/"+action);
    			getMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
    			getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
    			if(params!=null){
    				getMethod.setQueryString(params);
    			}
    		}else{
    			postMethod=new PostMethod("/"+action);
    			postMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
    			//参数
    			if(params!=null){
    				postMethod.setRequestBody(params);
    			}
    		}//end post
    		
    		
    		try {
    			if(methodType==NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET){
    				int ret=http.executeMethod(getMethod);
    				
    			}else{
    				int ret=http.executeMethod(postMethod);
    			}
    			
    		} catch (HttpException e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		InputStream is=null;
    		InputStreamReader isr=null;
    		BufferedReader br=null;
    		
    		StringBuffer buf=new StringBuffer("");
    		try{
    			if(methodType==NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET){
    				if(getMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream()!=null){
    					is=getMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream();
    				}
    			}else{
    				if(postMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream()!=null){
    					is=postMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream();
    				}
    			}
    			isr=new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8");
    			br=new BufferedReader(isr);
    			String temp=null;
    			while((temp=br.readLine())!=null){
    				buf.append(temp);
    			}
    			result=buf.toString();
    			
    		}catch(IOException e){
    			result="客户端----请求异常，请联系管理员。";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}finally{
    			try{
    				if(br!=null){
    					br.close();
    				}
    				if(isr!=null){
    					isr.close();
    				}
    				if(is!=null){
    					is.close();
    				}
    				if(postMethod!=null){
    					postMethod.releaseConnection();
    				}
    			}catch(IOException e){
    				e.printStackTrace();
    			}
    		}
    		System.out.println("客户端----httpclient使用方法："+methodType+",并收到响应信息如下：");
    		System.out.println(result);
    		return result;
    	}	
    	public static void main(String[] dsd){
    		String protocol="http";
    //		String host="10.55.15.43";
    		String host="118.198.140.203";
    		int port=8080;
    		String action="/frame/servlet/TestServlet";
    		Map paramsMap=new HashMap();
    		paramsMap.put("myname", "lushuaiyin");
    		paramsMap.put("myhobby", "onepiece");
    		
    		NetUtil.requestByHttpURLConnection(protocol, host, port, action, paramsMap, NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET);
    //		NetUtil.requestByHttpURLConnection(protocol, host, port, action, paramsMap, NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST);
    		
    		
    //		NetUtil.requestByHttpClient(protocol, host, port, action, paramsMap, NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_GET);
    //		NetUtil.requestByHttpClient(protocol, host, port, action, paramsMap, NetUtil.METHOD_TYPE_POST);
    		
    	}
    
    }

写个servlet作为服务端的测试代码，TestServlet

package org.test;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.net.URLDecoder;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	/**
    	 * 
    	 */
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    	public void init(){
    		System.out.println(" TestServlet init---");
    	}
    	
    	public void destroy() {  
    		System.out.println(" TestServlet destroy---");
            super.destroy();  
        }
    	
    	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
    		//编码设置，防止乱码。
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            
            response.setContentType("text/plain;chatset=utf-8");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            PrintWriter pw=response.getWriter();
            
            
    		System.out.println("服务端~~~~doGet here is TestServlet");
    		String pares="";
    		if(request.getParameterMap()!=null&&request.getParameterMap().size()>0){
    			int i=0;
    			
    			for(Iterator it=(Iterator)request.getParameterMap().keySet().iterator();it.hasNext();i++){
    				String key=(String)it.next();
    				String[] values=(String[])request.getParameterMap().get(key);
    				String value=values[0];//request的参数map值是数组,即可一对多，这里认为一个参数名对应一个参数值
    				value=URLDecoder.decode(value, "UTF-8");
    				if(i==request.getParameterMap().size()-1){
    					pares+="key:"+key+",value:"+value+".";
    				}else{
    					pares+="key:"+key+",value:"+value+";";
    				}
    			}
    			System.out.println("服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--"+pares);
    		}else{
    			System.out.println("服务端~~~~doGet方法没有获取到传参...");
    		}
    		
    		//往客户端回写数据
    		pw.println("来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--"+pares+"\r\n");
    		//或使用write方法
    //		pw.write("来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--"+pares+"\r\n1111111111");
    		SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    		pw.println("来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参时间--"+sdf.format(new Date())+"\r\n");
        }
    
        public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
        	//编码设置，防止乱码。
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            
            response.setContentType("text/plain;chatset=utf-8");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            PrintWriter pw=response.getWriter();
            
            System.out.println("服务端~~~~doPost here is TestServlet");
            
            
            String pares="";
            String paramResult="";
            InputStream is=null;;
    		InputStreamReader isr=null;;
    		BufferedReader br=null;
    		StringBuffer buf=new StringBuffer("");
    		try{
    			is=request.getInputStream();
    			isr=new InputStreamReader(is);
    			br=new BufferedReader(isr);
    			
    			String temp="";
    			while((temp=br.readLine())!=null){
    				buf.append(temp);
    			}
    			
    			if(buf.toString()!=null&&!buf.toString().trim().equals("")){
    				pares=buf.toString();
    				String[] paresArr=pares.split("&");
    				if(paresArr!=null&&paresArr.length>0){
    					for(int i=0;i<paresArr.length;i++){
    						String pam=paresArr[i];
    						if(pam.startsWith("?")){
    							pam=pam.substring(1);
    						}
    						String[] realpam=pam.split("=");
    						if(realpam!=null&&realpam.length==2){
    							String paramKey=realpam[0];
    							String paramValue=realpam[1];
    							if(i==paresArr.length-1){
    								paramResult+="key:"+paramKey+",value:"+paramValue+".";
    							}else{
    								paramResult+="key:"+paramKey+",value:"+paramValue+";";
    							}
    						}
    					}
    				}
    			
    				System.out.println("服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参--"+paramResult);
    			}else{
    				System.out.println("服务端~~~~doPost方法没有获取到传参...");
    			}
    			
    		}catch(Exception e){
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}finally{
    			try{
    				if(br!=null){
    					br.close();
    				}
    				if(isr!=null){
    					isr.close();
    				}
    				if(is!=null){
    					is.close();
    				}
    			}catch (IOException e) {
    				e.printStackTrace();
    			
    		}
    		
    		
            //往客户端回写数据
      		pw.println("来自服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参--"+paramResult);
      		SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
      		pw.println("来自服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参时间--"+sdf.format(new Date()));
        }
    }
    }

web.xml访问配置：

<servlet>
           <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
           <servlet-class>org.test.TestServlet</servlet-class>
           <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
    
        <servlet-mapping>
           <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
           <url-pattern>/servlet/TestServlet</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>

以下是测试打印结果：

requestByHttpClient    POST    
\----------------------------------------  
服务端打印：  
服务端~~~~doPost here is TestServlet  
服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.  
  
  
客户端打印：  
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient).  
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.  
客户端----请求url：http://118.198.140.203:8080/frame/servlet/TestServlet?myhobby=onepiece&myname=lushuaiyin  
客户端----httpclient使用方法：POST,并收到响应信息如下：  
来自服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.来自服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参时间--2013-05-01 12:28:01  
  
  
  
  
requestByHttpClient    GET    
\-------------------------------------  
服务端打印：  
服务端~~~~doGet here is TestServlet  
服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.  
  
  
客户端打印：  
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient).  
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.  
客户端----请求url：http://118.198.140.203:8080/frame/servlet/TestServlet?myhobby=onepiece&myname=lushuaiyin  
客户端----httpclient使用方法：GET,并收到响应信息如下：  
来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参时间--2013-05-01 12:29:00  
  
  
  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
  
requestByHttpURLConnection    POST    
\-------------------------------------  
  
  
服务端打印：  
服务端~~~~doPost here is TestServlet  
服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.  
  
  
客户端打印：  
客户端----请求url：http://118.198.140.203:8080/frame/servlet/TestServlet  
客户端----httpURLConnection使用方法：POST,并收到响应信息如下：  
来自服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.来自服务端~~~~doPost方法获取传参时间--2013-05-01 12:30:04  
  
  
  
requestByHttpURLConnection    GET    
\-------------------------------------  
服务端打印：  
服务端~~~~doGet here is TestServlet  
服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.  
  
  
客户端打印：  
客户端----请求url：http://118.198.140.203:8080/frame/servlet/TestServlet?myhobby=onepiece&myname=lushuaiyin  
客户端----httpURLConnection使用方法：GET,并收到响应信息如下：  
来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参--key:myhobby,value:onepiece;key:myname,value:lushuaiyin.来自服务端~~~~doGet方法获取传参时间--2013-05-01 12:31:02