权限与shiro框架

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2022-02-25 04:54 319阅读 0赞

## shiro(权限框架) ##

1.目前主流的权限框架  
Spring security：重量级安全框架  
Apache shiro：轻量级安全框架  
2.Shiro的四大基石  
① 身份认证：登录  
② 授权：权限判断  
③ 密码学：加密  
④ 会话管理：session  
3.从宏观上看  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0p1bmVfRmx5aW5nRnJvc3Q_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
4.导包

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

4.案例一  
1）准备配置文件shiro.ini  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0p1bmVfRmx5aW5nRnJvc3Q_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
2) 代码

//读取带Shiro.ini文件并拿到工厂类
    	Factory<SeeurityManager> factory = new IniSeeurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini")
    	//从工厂类中获取SecurityManager 对象
    	SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
    	//把SecurityManager 对象设置到上下文中
    	/**
    	*  把SecurityManager 对象放到一个地方没然后所有位置都能使用
    	*/
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager)；
        //获取到当前用户(没有登录就是游客)
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        System.out.printn(currentUser.isAuthenticated());//判断用户是否登录
        if(!currectUser.isAuthenticated(){
        		try{
            		 UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("root", "123456");
        	         currectUser.login(token);
          			 //设置记住我的功能
                     token.setRememberMe(true);
                } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
              			//未知账户异常
                } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                 		//错误凭证异常
               } catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                  		//未知错误异常
                }	
    	}

3） 常用方法  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0p1bmVfRmx5aW5nRnJvc3Q_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]5.自定义Realm(继承AuthorizingRealm类)

/**
     * 自定义一个Realm
     */
    public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    
        //获取到这个Realm的名称(随便取)
        @Override
        public String getName() {
            return "MyRealm";
        }
        //进行授权判断（权限）
        
        @Override
        protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
            	 //拿到认证的主要信息(用户名)
    	        String username = (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
    	        //模拟根据用户名拿到角色信息与权限信息
    	        Set<String> roles = getRolesByUsername(username);
    	        Set<String> permissions = getPermissionsByUsername(username);
    	        //拿到验证信息对象
    	        SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
    	        //设置用户的角色
    	        authorizationInfo.setRoles(roles);
    	        //设置用户的权限
    	        authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(permissions);
    	        return authorizationInfo;
        }
        //进行身份认证(登录)
        @Override
        protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
               //获取用户令牌
    	        UsernamePassowrdToken   token = (UsernamePassowrdToken)authenticationToken;
         		String username = token.getUsername(); //拿到用户名(注:这个用户名是传过来的)
    	        //这里根据用户名去获取密码(如果没有获取到，相当于这个用户不存在，就返回null值)
    	        String password = getByName(username);
    	        if(password==null){
    	        	//返回null，自动报UnknownAccountException 异常
    	            return null;
    	        }
    	        //创建一个简单的身份信息(把用户名与密码放进去-注：它会自动的比较获取的密码与你传过来的密码)
    	        SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(username,password,getName());
    	        return authenticationInfo;
        }
        
        //模拟从数据库中获取信息
      private String getByName(String username) {
    	        if("admin".equals(username)){
    	            return "123456";
    	        }else if("guest".equals(username)){
    	            return "abcd";
    	        }
    	        return null;
    }

测试

@Test
    public void testMyRealm() throws Exception{
    
        //创建自己定义的Realm
        MyRealm myRealm = new MyRealm();
       //把Realm放到securityManager中去
        DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(myRealm);
        //把权限管理器放到相应的环境中(我们可以在项目任何位置拿到)
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
    
        //拿到当前用户(Subject就是当前用户,游客)
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //准备登录的令牌(准备用户名与密码)
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("admin","123456");
    
        try {
            //根据令牌进行功能登录(当前用户进行登录)
            currentUser.login(token);
        } catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
            System.out.println("这个账号不存在!" + token.getPrincipal());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
            System.out.println("这个密码不存在!" + token.getPrincipal());
            ice.printStackTrace();
        }catch (AuthenticationException e){
            System.out.println("i don't k");
        }
    
    }

6.密码加密

SimpleHash simpleHash = new SimpleHash("MD5","admin","itsource",10);
    System.out.println(simpleHash);

7.5.2.测试时让自定义Reaml加上算法

@Test
         public void testMyRealm() throws Exception{
             //创建自己定义的Realm
             MyRealm myRealm = new MyRealm();
            //把Realm放到securityManager中去
             DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
             securityManager.setRealm(myRealm);
             //把权限管理器放到相应的环境中(我们可以在项目任何位置拿到)
             SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
     
    
             //拿到当前用户(Subject就是当前用户,游客)
             Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
             //准备登录的令牌(准备用户名与密码) -> 这里的密码进行了加密
             UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("admin","123456");
    
             try {
                 //根据令牌进行功能登录(当前用户进行登录)
                 currentUser.login(token);
                 System.out.println("登录成功啦。。。。");
             } catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
                 System.out.println("这个账号不存在!" + token.getPrincipal());
                 e.printStackTrace();
             } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                 System.out.println("这个密码不存在!" + token.getPrincipal());
                 ice.printStackTrace();
             }catch (AuthenticationException e){
                 System.out.println("i don't k");
             }
         }

8.自定义Reaml加上盐值

@Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        //明显的知道：这个authenticationToken就是UsernamePasswordtoken
        UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken)authenticationToken;
        String username = token.getUsername(); //拿到用户名(注:这个用户名是传过来的)
    
        //这里根据用户名去获取密码(如果没有获取到，相当于这个用户不存在，就返回陪我)
        String password = getByName(username);
        if(password==null){
            return null;
        }
        //在这里加盐值需一个ByteSource对象，而Shiro提供了一个ByteSource对象给咱们
        ByteSource salt = ByteSource.Util.bytes("itsource");
        //创建一个简单的身份信息(把用户名与密码放进去-注：它会自动的比较获取的密码与你传过来的密码)
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(username,password,salt,getName());
        return authenticationInfo;
    }
    
    private String getByName(String username) {
        if("admin".equals(username)){
            // 4a95737b032e98a50c056c41f2fa9ec6: 123456 迭代10次不加盐的结果
            // 831d092d59f6e305ebcfa77e05135eac: 123456 迭代10次加盐(itsource)的结果
            return "831d092d59f6e305ebcfa77e05135eac"; //修改为加密加盐后的数据
        }else if("guest".equals(username)){
            return "abcd";
        }
        return null;
    }

## Shiro集成Spring ##

把核心对象SecurityManager交由Spring创建  
myRealm也交给Spring创建

1.导包

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
        <artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.0</version>
        <type>pom</type>
    </dependency>
      
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
        <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.0</version>
      </dependency>

2.将拦截器拷贝到web.xml中(这个拦截器只过滤，处理要到Spring的拦截器中完成)

<filter>
      <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
      </init-param>
    </filter>
    
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

3.配置applicationContext-shiro.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
    
        
        <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
            
            <property name="realm" ref="jpaRealm"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="jpaRealm" class="cn.itsource.yxb.shiro.realm.JpaRealm">
    			<property name="credentialsMatcher">
    					<!—设置加密匹配方案-->
    					 <bean class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
    							 
    							 <property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="MD5"/>
    						     
    							 <property name="hashIterations" value="10"/>
    			     	</bean>
                    </property>
    	</bean>
    
        
        <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
            <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
            
            <property name="loginUrl" value="/s/login.jsp"/>
            
              
            
            <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/s/unauthorized.jsp"/>
            
            <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
                <value>
                    /s/login.jsp = anon
                    /** = authc
                </value>
            </property>
        </bean>
    
    </beans>

4.引入applicationContext-shiro.xml文件

在applicationContext.xml中添加

5.因为如果在applicationContxt-shiro.xml配置权限拦截，因此可以配置

6.创建一个FilterChainDefinitionMapBuilder 类

/**
     * 准备一个构造器类
     */
    public class FilterChainDefinitionMapBuilder {
        public Map<String,String> createFilterChainDefinitionMap(){
            Map<String, String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap();
            filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/s/login.jsp","anon");
            filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/login","anon");
            //这个值之后从数据库中查询到【用户-角色-权限-资源】
            filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/s/permission.jsp","perms[user:*]");
            filterChainDefinitionMap.put("//**","authc");
            return  filterChainDefinitionMap;
        }
    }

7.一个简单的登录程序

@Controller
    public class LoginController {
        @RequestMapping("/login")
        public String login(String username,String password){
            /**
             * 获取当前的 Subject. 调用 SecurityUtils.getSubject();
             * 测试当前的用户是否已经被认证. 即是否已经登录. 调用 Subject 的 isAuthenticated()
             * 若没有被认证, 则把用户名和密码封装为 UsernamePasswordToken 对象
             * 执行登录: 调用 Subject 的 login(AuthenticationToken) 方法.
             */
            //1.拿到访问的主体(当前登录用户)
            Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
            //2.判断这个用户是否已经登录(通过验证)
            if(!subject.isAuthenticated()){
                //3.如果没有验证，就要完成登录
                UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);
                try{
                    //4.根据toke完成登录功能
                    subject.login(token);
                }catch (UnknownAccountException e){
                    System.out.println("用户名不存在！！");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
                    System.out.println("密码不存在！");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }catch (AuthenticationException e){
                    System.out.println("登录出错！");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
    
            }
            return "redirect:/s/main.jsp";
        }
    }

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