HTTP 文件上传的几种方式（WinInet、winhttp、curl）小结

喜欢ヅ旅行 2022-02-24 15:12 2605阅读 0赞

通过HTTP实现文件上传，有三种方式，分别是：WinInet、WinHttp、CURL模拟表单上传文件。

一、WinInet版本：

#include "stdafx.h"
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <windows.h>
    #include <winsock2.h>
    #include <wininet.h>
    #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
    #pragma comment(lib, "wininet.lib")
    
    namespace
    {
    	LPCTSTR boundary = TEXT("-----------------------------1234567890123"); //随机字符串
    	LPCSTR aboundary = "-----------------------------1234567890123";
    }
    //
    BOOL DoUploadFile(char *pszFilePath, char *pszFileName)
    {
    	HINTERNET hSession = InternetOpen("HttpSendRequest",
    		INTERNET_OPEN_TYPE_PRECONFIG,
    		NULL,
    		NULL,
    		0); //同步方式
    
    
    	if(!hSession)
    	{
    		printf("Failed to open InternetOpen\n");
    		return -1;
    	}
    
    	//连接到一个http服务:
    	HINTERNET hConnect = InternetConnect(hSession,
    		"127.0.0.1",
    		8899/*INTERNET_DEFAULT_HTTP_PORT*/, //连接到80端口
    		NULL,
    		NULL,
    		INTERNET_SERVICE_HTTP, //服务类型HTTP，FTP或Gopher
    		0,
    		1);
    
    	if(!hConnect)
    	{
    		printf("error InternetConnect\n");
    		return -1;
    	}
    
    	//上传文件
    	HINTERNET hRequest = HttpOpenRequest(hConnect, 
    		"POST",
    		"/CRMFiles/"/*远程文件夹名字*/, 
    		HTTP_VERSION/*NULL*/, 
    		NULL, 
    		NULL, 
    		INTERNET_FLAG_KEEP_CONNECTION/*INTERNET_FLAG_NO_CACHE_WRITE*/, 
    		0);
    
    	if (!hRequest)
    	{
    		printf("Failed to open request handle: %lu\n", GetLastError ());
    		return FALSE;
    	}
    
    	//打开指定的文件:
    	HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(pszFilePath, 
    		GENERIC_READ, 
    		FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
    		NULL, 
    		OPEN_EXISTING,
    		FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
    		NULL);
    
    	if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    	{
    		printf("\nFailed to open local file %s.", pszFilePath);
    		return FALSE;
    	}
    	DWORD dwFileSize = GetFileSize(hFile, 0);
    	printf ("File size is %d\n", dwFileSize );
    
    
        TCHAR content_type[128] = {0};
        _stprintf_s(content_type, TEXT("Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=%s"), boundary);
        
    	LPTSTR referer = TEXT("Referer: http://127.0.0.1/CRMFiles");
        LPTSTR accept = TEXT("Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8");
        LPTSTR accept_lan = TEXT("Accept-Language: zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3");
        LPTSTR accept_encoding = TEXT("Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate");
        LPTSTR user_agent = TEXT("User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0");
    
    	HttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, content_type, -1, HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD|HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_REPLACE);
    	HttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, referer, -1, HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD|HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_REPLACE);
    	HttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, accept, -1, HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD|HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_REPLACE);
    	HttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, accept_lan, -1, HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD|HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_REPLACE);
    	HttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, accept_encoding, -1, HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD|HTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_REPLACE);
    
    	char first_boundary[128] = {0};
    	char delimiter[128] = {0};
    	char end_boundary[128] = {0};
    	sprintf_s(first_boundary, "--%s\r\n", aboundary);
    	sprintf_s(delimiter, "\r\n--%s\r\n", aboundary);
    	sprintf_s(end_boundary, "\r\n--%s--\r\n", aboundary);
    
    	char content_dispos[128] = {0};
    	if (strlen(pszFileName) > 0){
    		_stprintf_s(content_dispos, "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"fileupload\"; filename=\"%s\"\r\n", pszFileName);
    	} 
    	//LPSTR content_dispos = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"fileupload\"; filename=\"123.jpg\"\r\n";    
    	LPSTR content_type2 = "Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n";
    	LPSTR rn = "\r\n";
    
    	//
    	INTERNET_BUFFERS BufferIn = {0};
    	BufferIn.dwStructSize = sizeof( INTERNET_BUFFERS );
    	BufferIn.Next = NULL; 
    	BufferIn.lpcszHeader = NULL;
    	BufferIn.dwHeadersLength = 0;
    	BufferIn.dwHeadersTotal = 0;
    	BufferIn.lpvBuffer = NULL;                
    	BufferIn.dwBufferLength = 0;
    	BufferIn.dwBufferTotal = dwFileSize
    		+strlen(first_boundary)
    		+strlen(content_dispos)
    		+strlen(content_type2)
    		+strlen(end_boundary); //Content-Length:
    	BufferIn.dwOffsetLow = 0;
    	BufferIn.dwOffsetHigh = 0;
    
    	if(!HttpSendRequestEx( hRequest, &BufferIn, NULL, 0/*HSR_INITIATE*/, 0))
    	{
    		InternetCloseHandle(hRequest);
    		InternetCloseHandle(hConnect);
    		InternetCloseHandle(hSession);
    		printf( "Error on HttpSendRequestEx %lu\n", GetLastError() );
    		return FALSE;
    	}
    
    
    	DWORD dwWrittenBytes = 0;
    	InternetWriteFile(hRequest, (byte*)first_boundary, strlen(first_boundary), &dwWrittenBytes); //first boundary
    	InternetWriteFile(hRequest, (byte*)content_dispos, strlen(content_dispos), &dwWrittenBytes);
    	InternetWriteFile(hRequest, (byte*)content_type2, strlen(content_type2), &dwWrittenBytes);
    
    	//BYTE *lpBuffer = (BYTE*)VirtualAlloc(0, dwFileSize, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
    	DWORD sum = 0;
    	DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
    	DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
    	BYTE pBuffer[5120] = {0}; // 按照5kb读取文件(栈的大小为1M,超过1M将提示溢出)
    	BOOL bRead, bRet;
    
    	do
    	{
    		if (!(bRead = ReadFile (hFile, pBuffer, sizeof(pBuffer), &dwBytesRead, NULL)))
    		{
    			printf ("\nReadFile failed on buffer %lu.",GetLastError());
    			break;
    		}
    		if (!(bRet=InternetWriteFile( hRequest, pBuffer, dwBytesRead, &dwBytesWritten)))
    		{
    			printf ("\nInternetWriteFile failed %lu", GetLastError()); 
    			break;
    		}
    		sum += dwBytesWritten;
    	}while (dwBytesRead == sizeof(pBuffer));
    	//
    	CloseHandle(hFile);
    	
    	//last boundary
    	InternetWriteFile(hRequest, (byte*)end_boundary, strlen(end_boundary), &dwWrittenBytes);
    
    	printf ("Actual written bytes: %d\nupload %s successed!\n", sum, pszFileName);
    	
    	//结束一个HTTP请求:
    	if(!HttpEndRequest(hRequest, NULL, 0, 0))
    	{
    		printf( "Error on HttpEndRequest %lu \n", GetLastError());
    		return FALSE;
    	}
    	InternetCloseHandle(hRequest);
    	InternetCloseHandle(hConnect);
    	InternetCloseHandle(hSession);
    
    	//VirtualFree(lpBuffer, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
    
    	return TRUE;
    }
    
    //
    int main(int argc, char **argv)
    {
    	BOOL bOkey = DoUploadFile("d:\\test.jpg", "test123.jpg");
    	if(!bOkey)
    	{
    		printf("error DoUploadFile\n");
    	}
    	system("pause");
    
    	return 0;
    }

二、winhttp版本

待发布~~~~

三、libcurl版本

通过模拟表单上传文件到服务端，代码部分：

#include "stdafx.h"
    #include <iostream>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <assert.h>
    #include "curl.h"
    using namespace std;
    
    /**
     * @brief 回调函数,得到响应内容
     */
    int write_data(void* buffer, int size, int nmemb, void* userp)
    {
    	std::string * str = dynamic_cast<std::string *>((std::string *)userp);
    	str->append((char *)buffer, size * nmemb);
    	return nmemb;
    }
    
    /**
     * @brief upload
     */
    bool upload(string url, string filePath, string fileName, string &response, long &statusCode)
    {
    	CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();
    	struct curl_httppost* post = NULL;
    	struct curl_httppost* last = NULL;
    
    	if (curl)
    	{
    		//指定url
    		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, (char *)url.c_str());
    
    		/* Fill in the file upload field */
    		/*curl_formadd(&post,
    			&last,
    			CURLFORM_COPYNAME, "file",
    			CURLFORM_FILE, "d:\\beyond.mp3",
    			CURLFORM_END);*/
    
    		CURLFORMcode formCode = CURL_FORMADD_OK;
    		formCode = curl_formadd(&post,
    			&last,
    			CURLFORM_PTRNAME, "file",
    			CURLFORM_FILE, (char*)filePath.c_str(),
    			CURLFORM_FILENAME, (char*)fileName.c_str(),
    			CURLFORM_END);// form-data key(file) "filePath"为文件路径,"fileName"为文件上传时文件名
    
    		/* Fill in the filename field */
    		/*curl_formadd(&post,
    			&last,
    			CURLFORM_COPYNAME, "name",
    			CURLFORM_COPYCONTENTS, "EasyCurl.h",
    			CURLFORM_END);*/
    
    		/* Fill in the submit field too, even if this is rarely needed */
    		curl_formadd(&post,
    			&last,
    			CURLFORM_COPYNAME, "submit",
    			CURLFORM_COPYCONTENTS, "submit",
    			CURLFORM_END);
    
    		//构造post参数
    		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPPOST, post);
    		//绑定相应
    		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_data);
    		//绑定响应内容的地址
    		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, (void *)(&response));
    		//支持重定向(HFS作为文件服务端,不加这句代码,状态码返回的是301)
    		curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
    		//执行请求
    		CURLcode ret = curl_easy_perform(curl);
    		//获取返回信息
    		curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &statusCode);
    		//
    		curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
    
    		return (ret == CURLE_OK);
    	} 
    	else
    	{ 
    		return false;
    	}
    }
    
    //
    int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
    {
    	std::string response;
    	long statuscode = 0;
    	int code = upload("http://127.0.0.1:7879/CRMFiles", "d:\\error.wav", "_123.mp3", response, statuscode);
    
    	cout << "code : "<< code << endl;
    	cout << "status_code : "<< statuscode << endl;
    	cout << "response : "<< response.c_str() << endl;
    
    	getchar();
    
    	return 0;
    }

关于分片上传（multipart/form-data）的一些资料：

[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_29214249/article/details/78363220][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_29214249_article_details_78363220]

[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_33706382/article/details/78168325][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_33706382_article_details_78168325]

tips：搭建服务端可以使用hfs，很好用的一款免费软件！

[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_29214249_article_details_78363220]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_29214249/article/details/78363220
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_33706382_article_details_78168325]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33706382/article/details/78168325