MySQL：CentOS7安装MySQL8.0图文教程

r囧r小猫 2022-02-21 12:53 254阅读 0赞

1.下载 MySQL 所需要的安装包

网址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2.Select Operating System: 选择 Red Hat ，CentOS 是基于红帽的，Select OS Version: 选择 linux 7  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410225710678.png]  
3.选择 RPM Bundle 点击 Download  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
4.点击 No thanks, just start my download. 进行下载  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410225755300.png]

5.下载好了  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410225810455.png]

6.打开 VMware，选中要使用的虚拟机，点击开启此虚拟机  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410225828455.png]

7.最小化虚拟机，不用管他了  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
8.打开 xshell，选择虚拟机 ip 所对应的会话，点击连接  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
9.连接成功  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

10.通过 rpm -qa | grep mariadb 命令查看 mariadb 的安装包  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410230124710.png]

11.通过 rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86\_64 --nodeps 命令装卸 mariadb  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410230142794.png]

12.通过 rpm -qa | grep mariadb 命令再次查看 mariadb 的安装包  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410230216221.png]  
13. 通过 cd /usr/local/ 命令进入根目录下的usr目录下的local目录，这个目录是放一些本地的共享资源的  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410230413139.png]  
14.通过 ll 命令查看一下当前目录下的目录结构  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
15.通过 mkdir mysql 命令 在当前目录下创建一个名为 mysql 的目录  
16.通过 ll 命令查看一下当前目录下的目录结构，刚创建的 mysql 目录有了  
17.通过 cd mysql 命令进入 mysql 目录  
18.通过 ll 命令查看一下当前目录下的目录结构  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
19.点击 窗口 -->> 传输新建文件，通过 ftp 协议来把刚下载好的 mysql 安装包传输到 CentOS7 系统中  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
20.在左边找到你 mysql 安装包的下载目录  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
21.在你想要传输的文件上单机右键，点击传输  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410230702443.png]

22.上传成功后，关闭 ftp 传输工具  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
23.通过 ll 命令查看一下当前目录下的目录结构  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410230746253.png]

24.通过 tar -xvf mysql-8.0.11-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm-bundle.tar 命令解压 tar 包  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
25.通过 clear 命令清一下屏  
26.通过 rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force 命令安装 common  
27.通过 rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force 命令安装 libs  
28.通过 rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force 命令安装 client  
29.通过 rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm --nodeps --force 命令安装 server  
30.通过 rpm -qa | grep mysql 命令查看 mysql 的安装包  
![在这里插入图片描述][2019041023091663.png]

31.通过以下命令，完成对 mysql 数据库的初始化和相关配置

mysqld --initialize ;
    chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R;
    systemctl start mysqld.service;
    systemctl  enable mysqld;

32.通过 cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password 命令查看数据库的密码  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231002872.png]

33.通过 mysql -uroot -p 敲回车键进入数据库登陆界面  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231021682.png]

34.输入刚刚查到的密码，进行数据库的登陆，复制粘贴就行，MySQL 的登陆密码也是不显示的  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

35.通过 ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql\_native\_password BY ‘root’; 命令来修改密码  
ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql\_native\_password BY ‘新密码’;  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
36.通过 exit; 命令退出 MySQL，然后通过新密码再次登陆  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
37.通过以下命令，进行远程访问的授权

create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'root';
    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
    flush privileges;

![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231231122.png]

38.通过 ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root’ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; 命令修改加密规则，MySql8.0 版本 和 5.0 的加密规则不一样，而现在的可视化工具只支持旧的加密方式。  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231248743.png]

39.通过 flush privileges; 命令刷新修该后的权限  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231305680.png]

40.通过 exit; 命令退出 MySQL  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]

41.通过以下命令，关闭 firewall

systemctl stop firewalld.service;
    systemctl disable firewalld.service;
    systemctl mask firewalld.service;

![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231359466.png]

42.通过 yum -y install iptables-services 命令安装 iptables 防火墙  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]  
43.通过以下命令启动设置防火墙

systemctl enable iptables;
    systemctl start iptables;

44.通过 vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables 命令编辑防火墙，添加端口  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]

45.点击 i 键进入插入模式  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

46.在相关位置，写入以下内容

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8090 -j ACCEPT

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]

47.点击 ESC 键退出插入模式  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]

48.点击 : 键，输入 wq 敲回车键保存退出，: 为英文状态下的  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]

49.通过 systemctl restart iptables.service 命令重启防火墙使配置生效  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190410231710626.png]  
50.通过 systemctl enable iptables.service 命令设置防火墙开机启动  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]

51.通过 ifconfig 命令查看 ip  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]  
52.新建 SQLyog 的连接  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]

53.连接成功  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXpoZW5nZ3Vhbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23]

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