1.Spring Cloud Gateway及Security认证

超、凢脫俗 2022-02-21 11:06 575阅读 0赞

**1.Spring Cloud Gateway简介**  
Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring Cloud官方推出的第二代网关框架，取代Zuul网关。网关作为流量的，在微服务系统中有着非常作用，网关常见的功能有路由转发、权限校验、限流控制等作用。  
**2.创建工程**  
本文我们采用最新的Spring Cloud 版本“**Finchley.SR2**”，注意该版本对应Spring Boot为2x。官方推荐的是：2.0.6.RELEASE版本。  
父项目导入如下包：

<dependencyManagement>
       <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.8.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
             
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                    <version>1.3.0</version>
                </dependency>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                    <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                    <version>2.6.6</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.spring</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
                    <version>1.0.2</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                    <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
                    <version>4.0.1</version>
                </dependency>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                    <version>3.4.6</version>
                </dependency>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                    <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
                    <version>6.0.9.Final</version>
                </dependency>
         </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

gateway网关服务导入如下jar：

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.spring</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.uaf.credit</groupId>
                <artifactId>uaf-credit-api</artifactId>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

> 父项目统一管理jar包的版本，子项目就不必再添加jar对应的版本号

网关服务的yml配置如下：

server:
      port: 8817
    spring:
      application:
        name: uaf-credit-gateway
      security:
        user:
          name: wxt
          password: wxt2016
      cloud:
        gateway:
          routes:
            - id: credit-auth-route
              uri: http://10.168.xx.xx:8820/credit-auth/v1
              predicates:
                - Path=/credit-auth/v1/* #路径匹配,匹配所有请求路径以/credit-auth开头的用户请求 logging: config: classpath:logback.xml

**3.Spring Cloud Gateway过滤器**  
Spring-Cloud-Gateway的filter包中吉接口有如下三个，GatewayFilter，GlobalFilter，GatewayFilterChain，GlobalGilter 全局过滤器接口与 GatewayFilter 网关过滤器接口具有相同的方法定义。全局过滤器是一系列特殊的过滤器，会根据条件应用到所有路由中。网关过滤器是更细粒度的过滤器，作用于指定的路由中。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdjaGVuZ2FpaHVpbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]我们可以配置多个GlobalFilter过滤器，通过指定getOrder()方法的优先级来配置过滤器的执行顺序。

@Component
    public class RequestAuthFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered { 
    
    	/** * 请求方式验证过滤器 * @param exchange * @param chain * @return reactor.core.publisher.Mono<java.lang.Void> * 作者:will * 日期:2019/4/4 14:46 */
    	@Override
    	public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { 
    		ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest = exchange.getRequest();
    		String method = serverHttpRequest.getMethodValue();
    		if(!"POST".equals(method)){ 
    			ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
    			String message= new ResponseUtils().CreditRespMsg(CreditException.ERR_100008,"非法请求",null);
    			byte[] bits = message.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    			DataBuffer buffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(bits);
    			response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
    			//指定编码，否则在浏览器中会中文乱码
    			response.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
    			return response.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
    		}
    		return chain.filter(exchange);
    	}
    
    	/** * 优先级 * @return int 数字越大优先级越低 * 作者:will * 日期:2019/4/4 13:36 */
    	@Override
    	public int getOrder() { 
    		return 0;
    	}
    }

**4.Spring boot Security认证**  
Spring Security致力于为Java应用提供认证和授权管理。它是一个强大的，高度自定义的认证和访问控制框架，这句话包括两个关键词：Authentication（认证）和 Authorization（授权，也叫访问控制）。  
需要安全认证的服务需要导入如下Jar：

<dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
     </dependency>

yml配置：

server:
      port: 8820
      servlet:
        context-path: /credit-auth
    spring:
      application:
        name: uaf-credit-auth
      security:
        user:
          name: wxt
          password: wxt2016
          roles:
            - USER
    logging:
      config: classpath:logback.xml

接下来配置认证类：

@Configuration
    @EnableWebSecurity
    public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { 
    
    	@Override
    	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { 
    		/**表示所有的访问都必须进行认证处理后才可以正常进行*/
    		http.httpBasic().and().authorizeRequests().anyRequest().fullyAuthenticated();
    		/**所有的Rest服务一定要设置为无状态，以提升操作性能*/
    		http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    		/**关闭csrf避免POST请求时出现401异常*/
    		http.csrf().disable();
    		http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers(org.springframework.http.HttpMethod.GET).permitAll();
    	}
    
    }

这里有个问题，外面的服务若请求我们的服务需要进行Security认证，但我们的网关应该需要免认证。  
我们通过Gateway的GlobalFilter过滤器的方式实现：

@Component
    public class OAuthSignatureFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered { 
    
    	/**授权访问用户名*/
    	@Value("${spring.security.user.name}")
    	private String securityUserName;
    	/**授权访问密码*/
    	@Value("${spring.security.user.password}")
    	private String securityUserPassword;
    
    	/** * OAuth过滤器 * @param exchange * @param chain * @return reactor.core.publisher.Mono<java.lang.Void> * 作者:will * 日期:2019/4/4 13:36 */
    	@Override
    	public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { 
    		/**oauth授权*/
    		String auth= securityUserName.concat(":").concat(securityUserPassword);
    		String encodedAuth = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(auth.getBytes(Charset.forName("US-ASCII")));
    		//注意Basic后面有空格
    		String authHeader= "Basic " +encodedAuth;
    		//向headers中放授权信息
    		ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest = exchange.getRequest().mutate().header("Authorization",authHeader).build();
    		//将现在的request变成change对象
    		ServerWebExchange build =exchange.mutate().request(serverHttpRequest).build();
    		return chain.filter(build);
    	}
    
    
    	/** * 优先级 * @return int 数字越大优先级越低 * 作者:will * 日期:2019/4/4 13:36 */
    	@Override
    	public int getOrder() { 
    		return 2;
    	}

**5.新增自定义过滤器**  
gateway里面可以自定义普通filter，也可以创建自定义的GlobalFilter，我们通过继承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory实现自定义过滤器。  
yml新增如下配置：

spring:
      application:
        name: uaf-credit-gateway
      security:
        user:
          name: wxt
          password: wxt2016
      cloud:
        gateway:
          routes:
            - id: credit-auth-route
              uri: http://10.168.xx.xx:8820/credit-auth/v1
              predicates:
                - Path=/credit-auth/v1/* #路径匹配,匹配所有请求路径以/credit-auth开头的用户请求 filters: - CreditFilter #注意与定义的过滤器类名一致

新增CreditFilter.java类,自定义过滤器的优先级低于GlobalFilter

@Configuration
    public class CreditFilter extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<CreditFilter.Config> { 
    
    	public CreditFilter() { 
    		super(Config.class);
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public GatewayFilter apply(Config config) { 
    		MySlf4j.textInfo("进入自定义Credit过滤器");
    		return (exchange, chain) -> { 
    			String jwtToken = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst("Authorization");
    			//校验jwtToken的合法性
    			if (jwtToken != null) { 
    				// 合法
    				// 将用户id作为参数传递下去
    				return chain.filter(exchange);
    			}
    
    			//不合法(响应未登录的异常)
    			ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
    			//设置headers
    			HttpHeaders httpHeaders = response.getHeaders();
    			httpHeaders.add("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8");
    			httpHeaders.add("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, max-age=0");
    			//设置body
    			String warningStr = "未登录或登录超时";
    			DataBuffer bodyDataBuffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(warningStr.getBytes());
    
    			return response.writeWith(Mono.just(bodyDataBuffer));
    		};
    	}
    
    	public static class Config { 
    
    	}
    
    	@Bean
    	public CreditFilter creditFileterFactory() { 
    		return new CreditFilter();
    	}
    }

至此我们的Gateway及相关的授权认证配置完成。

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![在这里插入图片描述][20210219162337578.jpg_pic_center]

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