DRF-访问频率配置(节流)

一时失言乱红尘 2022-02-13 02:47 231阅读 0赞

# 访问频率控制(节流) #

*  我们可以先编写一个类

class VisitThrottle(object):
        def allow_request(self, request, view):
            return True  # False表示访问频率太高被限制
        def wait(self):
            return None

![img\_7f41070780659b927c02a7bf2429cb85.png][img_7f41070780659b927c02a7bf2429cb85.png]

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*  postman校验

![img\_dba2f2d4b99d8e4264d1673bb9a35c18.png][img_dba2f2d4b99d8e4264d1673bb9a35c18.png]

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![img\_64c8a05c0d0a1b395082e8e5028ca654.png][img_64c8a05c0d0a1b395082e8e5028ca654.png]

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*  获取用户ip

class VisitThrottle(object):
        def allow_request(self, request, view):
            # 1. 获取用户ip
            remote_addr = request._request.META.get("REMOTE_ADDR")
            #print(remote_addr)
    
            ...

*  添加访问记录

import time
    
    # 存放访问记录(一般放数据库或者缓存中)
    VISIT_RECORD = {}
    
    
    class VisitThrottle(object):
        def allow_request(self, request, view):
            # 1. 获取用户ip
            remote_addr = request._request.META.get("REMOTE_ADDR")
            # print(remote_addr)
            # 2. 添加到访问记录中
            ctime = time.time()
            if remote_addr not in VISIT_RECORD:
                VISIT_RECORD[remote_addr] = [ctime, ]
                return True
            return False  # False表示访问频率太高被限制
    
        def wait(self):
            return None

![img\_52b5bfae5276a7e6c96ae90f2f441d07.png][img_52b5bfae5276a7e6c96ae90f2f441d07.png]

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*  两种情况,之前说的是第一种,当用户没有访问的时候的情况,记录用户的访问记录的列表里面没有用户访问，但是如果用户已经访问,而我们需求是1分钟内只能访问3次,我们需要改进代码

class VisitThrottle(object):
        def allow_request(self, request, view):
            # 1. 获取用户ip
            remote_addr = request._request.META.get("REMOTE_ADDR")
            # print(remote_addr)
            # 2. 添加到访问记录中
            ctime = time.time()
            # 当VISIT_RECORD中没有这个记录,可以直接访问,添加一个记录
            if remote_addr not in VISIT_RECORD:
                VISIT_RECORD[remote_addr] = [ctime, ]
                return True
            history = VISIT_RECORD.get(remote_addr)
            # 拿到最后历史记录里面的最后一个时间,如果最后一个时间小于当前时间-60
            while history and history[-1] < ctime - 60:
                history.pop()
            if len(history) < 3:
                history.insert(0,ctime)
                return True
    
            return False  # False表示访问频率太高被限制
    
        def wait(self):
            return None

![img\_590d7cdbcd4bfd58a8af5c8f219410b6.png][img_590d7cdbcd4bfd58a8af5c8f219410b6.png]

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*  postman校验

![img\_f1fc5411de3221ba941da2e6cd62d7c5.png][img_f1fc5411de3221ba941da2e6cd62d7c5.png]

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*  wait返回的值是一个提示，表示多少秒以后可以访问

def wait(self):
            return 10 # 写死了10秒

![img\_9ea9348c86b0e9d3c4d25b1e173a5d14.png][img_9ea9348c86b0e9d3c4d25b1e173a5d14.png]

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*  在wait里面拿到访问记录

![img\_6925193284c7bdfe22e6b806bff8377f.png][img_6925193284c7bdfe22e6b806bff8377f.png]

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def wait(self):
            """
            还需要等多少秒可以访问
            :return:
            """
            ctime = time.time()
    
            return 60 - (ctime - self.history[-1])

# 源码流程 #

# 内置控制频率的类 #

from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle
    
    
    class VisitThrottle(BaseThrottle):
    
        def __init__(self):
            self.history = None
    
        def allow_request(self, request, view):
            # 1. 获取用户ip
            remote_addr = request._request.META.get("REMOTE_ADDR")
            # print(remote_addr)
            # 2. 添加到访问记录中
            ctime = time.time()
            # 当VISIT_RECORD中没有这个记录,可以直接访问,添加一个记录
            if remote_addr not in VISIT_RECORD:
                VISIT_RECORD[remote_addr] = [ctime, ]
                return True
            history = VISIT_RECORD.get(remote_addr)
            self.history = history
            # 拿到最后历史记录里面的最后一个时间,如果最后一个时间小于当前时间-60
            while history and history[-1] < ctime - 60:
                history.pop()
            if len(history) < 3:
                history.insert(0, ctime)
                return True
    
            return False  # False表示访问频率太高被限制
    
        def wait(self):
            """
            还需要等多少秒可以访问
            :return:
            """
            ctime = time.time()
            return 60 - (ctime - self.history[-1])

![img\_a413669ae810c094d4bfd3cff344c11b.png][img_a413669ae810c094d4bfd3cff344c11b.png]

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*  在SimpleRateThrottle里面

![img\_de72bfdc3d4c91a253133ed616c8ce4f.png][img_de72bfdc3d4c91a253133ed616c8ce4f.png]

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*  get\_rate方法

![img\_40f04ea0d335b64d62b89d68f50c7c71.png][img_40f04ea0d335b64d62b89d68f50c7c71.png]

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*  get\_rate方法返回值读取配置文件

![img\_ee32598c99b4ff1eee9459f971166308.png][img_ee32598c99b4ff1eee9459f971166308.png]

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*  在我们自己继承的类里面写scpoe

![img\_263d6697eb0bf4dfb88dfdf5a2b2d1a0.png][img_263d6697eb0bf4dfb88dfdf5a2b2d1a0.png]

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*  settings配置

![img\_e8978b6d7aacf6ab44ca324599bdbe89.png][img_e8978b6d7aacf6ab44ca324599bdbe89.png]

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*  我们设置的频率在源码里面传递

![img\_318d431d3b49201e12d829677e8b2492.png][img_318d431d3b49201e12d829677e8b2492.png]

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*  3/m源码 m表示60

![img\_09be3d9128bb2565a125fbcbcfa21116.png][img_09be3d9128bb2565a125fbcbcfa21116.png]

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*  回到构造函数

def __init__(self):
            # 在构造方法里面，通过反射调用rate
            if not getattr(self, 'rate', None):
                # "3/m"
                self.rate = self.get_rate()
            #   3次 self.num_requests    60秒  self.duration
            self.num_requests, self.duration = self.parse_rate(self.rate)

*  内部的allow\_request方法

![img\_f6f476654c065dd759e3d37b1dc914b0.png][img_f6f476654c065dd759e3d37b1dc914b0.png]

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*  使用ip作为我们的标识

class VisitThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle):
        scope = "myscope"
    
        def get_cache_key(self, request, view):
            return self.get_ident(request)

*  allow\_request

def allow_request(self, request, view):
            """
            Implement the check to see if the request should be throttled.
    
            On success calls `throttle_success`.
            On failure calls `throttle_failure`.
            """
            if self.rate is None:
                return True
            # 方法缓存里面
            self.key = self.get_cache_key(request, view)
            if self.key is None:
                return True
            # 去缓存里面拿到所有记录
            self.history = self.cache.get(self.key, [])
            # 获取当前时间
            self.now = self.timer()
    
            # Drop any requests from the history which have now passed the
            # throttle duration
            while self.history and self.history[-1] <= self.now - self.duration:
                self.history.pop()
            if len(self.history) >= self.num_requests:
                # 失败
                return self.throttle_failure()
            # 成功
            return self.throttle_success()

*  settings配置

# 跟rest_有关的配置
    REST_FRAMEWORK = {
        # "DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES": ["myutils.auth.MyAuthtication"],
        "UNAUTHENTICATED_USER": lambda: "匿名用户哈哈",
        # "DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES": ["myutils.permission.MyPermission"],
        "DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES": ['myutils.throttle.VisitThrottle'],
        "DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES": {
            "myscope": '3/m'
        }
    
    }

# 对当前用户做限流操作 #

class UserThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle):
        scope = "user_scope"
    
        def get_cache_key(self, request, view):
            return request.user.username

*  settings配置

![img\_ed1a67a99d4acc4982a9f54e7a548d20.png][img_ed1a67a99d4acc4982a9f54e7a548d20.png]

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