memcached缓存+lamp环境部署

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-02-05 04:29 260阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *   *  一、Memcached概述：
         *  二、测试环境
         *  三、部署步骤
         *   *  1.服务器端部署
             *   *  步骤一：服务端下载libevent与memcache.
                 *  步骤二：编译安装libevent
                 *  步骤三：编译安装memcache
                 *  步骤四：启动memcache
             *  2.客户端部署
             *   *  步骤一：安装lamp环境
                 *  步骤二：下载并编译memcached-2.2.0 .tgz
                 *  步骤三：配置php支持memcache
                 *  步骤四：启动httpd
         *  四、测试
         *   *   *  步骤一：浏览器访问
                 *  步骤二：测试api功能
                 *  步骤三：telnet查看
         *  五、Memcached操作与管理；

### 一、Memcached概述： ###

Memcached是国外社区网站 LiveJournal 的开发团队开发的一套高性能的分布式内存对象缓存服务器。它将所有的数据统统保存在内存中，在内存中会维护一个巨大的hash表，支持任意存储类型的数据，很多网站通过Memcached提高网站的访问速度，尤其是对于大型的需要频繁访问的网站，减少查询效率，提高查询速度；

### 二、测试环境 ###

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>系统</th> 
   <th>IP</th> 
   <th>主机名</th> 
   <th>所需安装包</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Centos-7.2</td> 
   <td>10.0.0.72</td> 
   <td>memcache-server</td> 
   <td>memcached-1.5.10.tar.gz、libevent</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Centos-7.2</td> 
   <td>10.0.0.73</td> 
   <td>memcache-client</td> 
   <td>libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz memcached-2.2.0.tgz httpd mariadb mysql php php-devel php-mysql</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 三、部署步骤 ###

#### 1.服务器端部署 ####

##### 步骤一：服务端下载libevent与memcache. #####

> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# yum -y gcc gcc-c++  
> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# wget [https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.8-stable/libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz][https_github.com_libevent_libevent_releases_download_release-2.1.8-stable_libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz]  
> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# wget [http://memcached.org/files/memcached-1.5.14.tar.gz][http_memcached.org_files_memcached-1.5.14.tar.gz]  
> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# ll \*.gz  
> \-rw-r–r--. 1 root root 1026485 May 25 2017 libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz  
> \-rw-r–r--. 1 root root 485076 Apr 27 04:39 memcached-1.5.14.tar.gz

##### 步骤二：编译安装libevent #####

> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# tar zxf libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz  
> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# tar zxf memcached-1.5.14.tar.gz  
> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# cd libevent-2.1.8-stable  
> \[root@memcache-server libevent-2.1.8-stable\]\# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent  
> \[root@memcache-server libevent-2.1.8-stable\]\# make && make install

##### 步骤三：编译安装memcache #####

> \[root@memcache-server libevent-2.1.8-stable\]\# cd …  
> \[root@memcache-server ~\]\# cd memcached-1.5.14  
> \[root@memcache-server memcached-1.5.14\]\# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent/  
> \[root@memcache-server memcached-1.5.14\]\# make && make install

##### 步骤四：启动memcache #####

> \[root@memcache-server memcached-1.5.14\]\# ln -s /usr/local/memcached/bin/\* /usr/local/bin/  
> \[root@memcache-server memcached-1.5.14\]\# memcached -d -m 128m -u root  
> \[root@memcache-server memcached-1.5.14\]\# netstat -lntup|grep 11211  
> tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:11211 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 12436/memcached  
> tcp6 0 0 :::11211 ::? LISTEN 12436/memcached

#### 2.客户端部署 ####

##### 步骤一：安装lamp环境 #####

> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# yum -y gcc gcc-c++ httpd mariadb mysql php php-devel php-mysql

##### 步骤二：下载并编译memcached-2.2.0 .tgz #####

> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# wget [http://pecl.php.net/get/][http_pecl.php.net_get] memcached-2.2.0 .tgz  
> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# ll memcached-2.2.0 .tgz  
> \-rw-r–r--. 1 root root 82673 Dec 24 16:44 memcached-2.2.0 .tgz  
> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# tar zxf memcached-2.2.0 .tgz  
> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# cd memcached-2.2.0  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\# phpize  
> Configuring for:  
> PHP Api Version: 20100412  
> Zend Module Api No: 20100525  
> Zend Extension Api No: 220100525  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\# find / -type f -name “php-config”  
> /usr/bin/php-config  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config

> 报错：checking for zlib location… configure: error: memcached support requires ZLIB. Use --with-zlib-dir=
> 
> to specify the prefix where ZLIB headers and library are located  
> 解决：yum install zlib zlib-devel -y  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\# yum install zlib zlib-devel

> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config  
> 报错：checking for libmemcached location… configure: error: memcached support requires libmemcached. Use --with-libmemcached-dir=
> 
> to specify the prefix where libmemcached headers and library are located  
> 解决：memcache有两个版本其中一个版本客户端基于libmemcached，所以必须要安装libmemcached\*\*  
> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# wget [https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/1.0/1.0.18/+download/libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz][https_launchpad.net_libmemcached_1.0_1.0.18_download_libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz]  
> \[root@memcache-client ~\]\# cd libmemcached-1.0.18  
> \[root@memcache-client libmemcached-1.0.18\]\# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached

> \[root@memcache-client libmemcached-1.0.18\]\# make && make install  
> **报错：**  
> make -j2 all-am  
> make\[1\]: Entering directory `/root/libmemcached-1.0.18' CXXLD libhashkit/libhashkit.la /usr/bin/ld: libhashkit/.libs/libhashkit_libhashkit_la-crc32.o: relocation R_X86_64_32S against`.rodata’ can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC  
> libhashkit/.libs/libhashkit\_libhashkit\_la-crc32.o: could not read symbols: Bad value  
> collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status  
> make\[1\]: \*\*\* \[libhashkit/libhashkit.la\] Error 1  
> make\[1\]: Leaving directory \`/root/libmemcached-1.0.18’  
> make:\\ \*\*\* \[all\] Error 2  
> 解决：系统是64位，但是安装的时候认为是32位的，需要执行：make clean all LDFLAGS="-L/usr/lib64 -L/lib64"\*\*  
> \[root@memcache-client libmemcached-1.0.18\]\# make clean all LDFLAGS="-L/usr/lib64 -L/lib64"  
> \[root@memcache-client libmemcached-1.0.18\]\# make && make install

> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached/  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\#make  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0 \]\#make test  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0\]\# make install  
> Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib64/php/modules/  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0\]\# ll /usr/lib64/php/modules/memcached.so  
> \-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 382135 May 4 18:09 /usr/lib64/php/modules/memcached.so

##### 步骤三：配置php支持memcache #####

> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0\]\# cat >>/etc/php.ini <<-eof  
> > extension\_dir = /usr/lib64/php/modules/  
> > extension = [memcached.so][]  
> > eof

##### 步骤四：启动httpd #####

> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0\]\# systemctl start httpd  
> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0\]\# cat </var/www/html/index.php  
> > <?php  
> > phpinfo();  
> > ?>  
> > eof

### 四、测试 ###

##### 步骤一：浏览器访问 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpYW5nX29wZXJhdGlvbnM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

##### 步骤二：测试api功能 #####

> \[root@memcache-client memcached-2.2.0\]\# cat /var/www/html/test.php  
> <?php  
> $memcache = new Memcached();  
> $memcache->addServer(‘10.0.0.72’,11211);  
> $memcache->set(‘key’,‘Memcache test sussessful!’,0,60);  
> $result =  m e m c a c h e − > g e t ( ′ k e y ′ ) ; u n s e t ( memcache->get(&\#x27;key&\#x27;); unset( memcache−>get(′key′);unset(memcache);  
> echo $result;  
> ?>  
> ![在这里插入图片描述][20190504214324646.jpg]

##### 步骤三：telnet查看 #####

> \[root@memcache-client \]\# yum -y install telnet  
> \[root@memcache-client libmemcached-1.0.18\]\# telnet 10.0.0.72 11211  
> Trying 10.0.0.72…  
> Connected to 10.0.0.72.  
> Escape character is ‘^\]’.  
> get key  
> VALUE key 3932160 25  
> Memcache test sussessful!  
> END

### 五、Memcached操作与管理； ###

> \[root@memser ~\]\# telnet 10.0.0.72 11211  
> Trying 192.168.200.203…  
> Connected to 192.168.200.203.  
> Escape character is ‘^\]’.  
> stats \#\#查看状态  
> STAT pid 12863 //memcached启动的进程ID  
> STAT uptime 4008 //到目前为止启动了多少秒  
> STAT time 1464713917 //服务器当前的unix时间戳  
> STAT version 1.2.6 //memcached的版本信息  
> STAT pointer\_size 64 //当前操作系统的指针大小（64位系统一般是64bit）  
> STAT rusage\_user 0.278957 //进程的累计用户时间  
> STAT rusage\_system 0.371943 //进程的累计系统时间  
> STAT curr\_items 1 //服务器当前存储的items数量  
> STAT total\_items 2 //从服务器启动以后存储的items总数量  
> STAT bytes 79 //当前服务器存储items占用的字节数  
> STAT curr\_connections 2 //当前的并发连接数  
> STAT total\_connections 4 //从服务器启动以后曾经打开过的连接数  
> STAT connection\_structures 3 //服务器分配的连接构造数  
> STAT cmd\_get 2 //执行get命令的次数  
> STAT cmd\_set 2 //执行set命令的次数  
> STAT get\_hits 2 //get的命中次数  
> STAT get\_misses 0 //get的非命中数  
> STAT evictions 0 //为获取空闲内存而删除的items数（分配给memcache的空间用满后需要删除旧的items来得到空间分配给新的items）  
> STAT bytes\_read 98 //总读取字节数（请求字节数）  
> STAT bytes\_written 97 //总发送字节数（结果字节数）  
> STAT limit\_maxbytes 33554432 //分配给memcache的内存大小（字节）  
> STAT threads 1 //当前进程数  
> END  
> set test\_key 0 0 10 \#\#设置test\_key指令格式：<命令> <键> <标记> <有效期> <数据长度>”  
> test\_value \#\#输入test\_key所对应的值  
> STORED  
> get test\_key \#\#查看test\_key键的内容  
> VALUE test\_key 0 10  
> test\_value  
> END  
> replace test\_key 0 0 11 \#\#修改test\_key键的数据长度  
> test\_value2 \#\#存储新的值  
> STORED  
> get test\_key \#\#查看验证  
> VALUE test\_key 0 11  
> test\_value2  
> END  
> append test\_key 0 0 5 \#\#在test\_key后边追加5个字符  
> ,test \#\#添加的值  
> STORED  
> get test\_key \#\#查看验证  
> VALUE test\_key 0 16  
> test\_value2,test  
> END  
> prepend test\_key 0 0 6 \#\#在test\_key前面追加6个字符  
> test1, \#\#添加的值  
> STORED  
> get test\_key \#\#查看验证  
> VALUE test\_key 0 22  
> test1,test\_value2,test  
> END  
> delete test\_key \#\#删除键  
> DELETED  
> set myconter 0 0 1 \#\#定义一个myconter的键  
> 1 \#\#设置上述键的值  
> STORED  
> incr myconter 1 \#\#值增加1  
> 2  
> get myconter \#\#查看验证  
> VALUE myconter 0 1  
> 2  
> END  
> decr myconter 1 \#\#值减少1  
> 1  
> get myconter  
> VALUE myconter 0 1  
> 1  
> END  
> flush\_all \#\#删除所有的键值对  
> OK  
> quit \#\#退出  
> Connection closed by foreign host.

[https_github.com_libevent_libevent_releases_download_release-2.1.8-stable_libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz]: https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.8-stable/libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz
[http_memcached.org_files_memcached-1.5.14.tar.gz]: http://memcached.org/files/memcached-1.5.14.tar.gz
[http_pecl.php.net_get]: http://pecl.php.net/get/
[https_launchpad.net_libmemcached_1.0_1.0.18_download_libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz]: https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/1.0/1.0.18/+download/libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz
[memcached.so]: http://memcached.so
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpYW5nX29wZXJhdGlvbnM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220205/c826809633d84f979a8586e4f1900d9c.png
[20190504214324646.jpg]: /images/20220205/0b3b501105df42d8b6637906390af47e.png