spring cloud实例Dome详细搭建（一）

一时失言乱红尘 2022-01-29 23:19 357阅读 0赞

# 详解搭建spring cloud的实例Demo，跟着一步一步走，肯定可以的 #

--------------------

[GitHub代码地址][GitHub]

## 准备工作： ##

*  **1.首先创建一个父项目，一个普通的java项目**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]
 *  **2.创建好父项目后，在pom.xml中配置springcloud和springboot的统一版本**

<properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
            <springboot.version>2.0.5.RELEASE</springboot.version>
        </properties>
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${springboot.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>

--------------------

## 开始创建spring cloud的注册中心（eureka） ##

*  **1.创建子项目**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
    **项目名字随便取（跳过）。。**
 *  **2.创建好子项目后，配置子项目的pom.xml**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

*  **3.在eureka项目中创建启动类**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaServer
    public class Application_Eureka {
        public static void main(String[] args){
            SpringApplication.run(Application_Eureka.class);
        }
    }

*  **4.创建配置文件application.yml(名称必须)，配置端口和地址**

server:
      port: 7001
    eureka:
      instance:
        hostname: 127.0.0.1
      client:
        fetch-registry: false
        register-with-eureka: false

*  **5.启动main方法，访问 按上面配置 例：127.0.0.1:7001**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

--------------------

## 如果创建一个服务提供者， ##

*  **1.创建项目方式和eureka一致，在父项目下创建子项目，直接配置pom.xml**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

*  **2.创建启动类，提供服务**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]
 *  **3.启动类**

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    public class Application_Provider {
        public static void main(String[] args){
            SpringApplication.run(Application_Provider.class);
        }
    }

*  **4.暴露服务**

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("provider")
    public class ProviderController {
    
        @RequestMapping("get")
        public String getData(){
            return "提供了数据";
        }
    }

*  **5…创建配置文件application.yml（名称必须）**

server:
      port: 8001
    spring:
      application:
        name: TEST-PROVIDER   #服务名称，随意取
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka #注册到Eureka的地址

*  **6.（测试）启动项目，访问 127.0.0.1:8001/provider/get**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]
 *  **再查看Eureka的页面: 127.0.0.1:7001**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]

--------------------

## 有了服务提供者，就创建一个项目来消费 ##

*  **1.创建项目方式和上面一致**
 *  **2.配置pom.xml**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

*  **3.创建启动类**

@SpringBootApplication
    public class Application_Consumer {
        public static void main(String[] args){
            SpringApplication.run(Application_Consumer.class);
        }
    }

*  **4.创建消费接口**

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("consumer")
    public class ConsumerController {
    	//资源路径
        private final String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8001/provider/get";
    
        @RequestMapping("get")
        public String get(){
            RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
            String data = template.getForObject(url, String.class);
            return data;
        }
    }

*  **5.配置文件application.yml（名称必须），配置端口**

server:
      port: 9001

*  **6.启动项目，访问： 127.0.0.1:9001/consumer/get 成功获取到了数据**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200616130234728.png]

--------------------

## 创建spring cloud的网关 ##

*  **1.创建子项目，方式和上面的一致**
 *  **2.配置pom.xml**

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

*  **2.创建启动类**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    @EnableZuulProxy
    public class Application_Zuul {
        public static void main(String[] args){
            SpringApplication.run(Application_Zuul.class);
        }
    }

*  **3.配置文件application.yml（名称必须）**

server:
      port: 9527
    spring:
      application:
        name: ZUUL-SERVER		#Zuul网关在Eureka的服务名称，随便取
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka	 #Eureka的注册地址
    zuul:
      routes:
        provider.serviceId: TEST-PROVIDER	#没有提示，自己取名称，值为服务的名称

*  **4.启动网关，通过网关访问服务提供**  
    **规则：*127.0.0.1:9527/网关服务名称(小写)/服务提供者名称(小写)/服务路径*  
    例：127.0.0.1:9527/zuul-server/test-provider/provider/get**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200616130848740.png]
 *  **5.这样的话，路径太长麻烦，不安全，在配置文件中继续配置**

server:
      port: 9527
    spring:
      application:
        name: ZUUL-SERVER
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka
    zuul:
      routes:
        provider.serviceId: TEST-PROVIDER
        provider.path: /test/**  #匹配指定的路径，资源匹配的路径才会拦截，转发

*  **6.重新启动项目  
    原来路径：127.0.0.1:9527/zuul-server/test-provider/provider/get  
    网关访问路径变为： 127.0.0.1:9527/test/provider/get**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200616131017734.png]  
    **！！！但是我们还可以使用原来的网关地址访问资源，需要给屏蔽掉！！！**
 *  **7.修改配置文件**

*  **8.访问路径变为： 127.0.0.1:9527/server/test/provider/get**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2020061613132467.png]  
    **！！！并且原来的网关地址已经不能访问了！！！**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

## fegin的内部调用 ##

**我们要在一个服务提供者中使用另一个服务提供者的服务，需要使用fegin进行内部服务的调用**

*  **1.创建一个项目，就不多说了，和上面一样**
 *  **2.导入依赖，pom.xml**

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

*  **3.首先创建项目结构、启动类，和配置文件application.yml（名称必须）**  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]  
    启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    @EnableFeignClients("com.wlg.feign.client") 	//feign接口的地址（上图的client目录）
    public class Application_Feign {
        public static void main(String[] args){
            SpringApplication.run(Application_Feign.class);
        }
    }

application.yml

server:
      port: 9002
    spring:
      application:
        name: FEIGN-CONSUMER
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka

*  **4.在client目录下，创建Client接口，映射和方法名建议复制对应的Controller层**

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    @FeignClient(value = "TEST-PROVIDER") 	//要调用的服务名称
    @RequestMapping("provider")				//和调用服务controller的一致
    public interface DataClient {
    
    	//和调用服务controller的一致
        @RequestMapping("get")
        public String getData();
    }

*  **5.在需要使用的地方注入，就可以调用了**

import com.wlg.feign.client.DataClient;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("consumer")
    public class DataFeignController {
    
        @Autowired
        private DataClient dataClient;
    
        @RequestMapping("feignGet")
        public String get(){
            return dataClient.getData();
        }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

*  **6.启动项目测试一波**  
    127.0.0.1:9002/consumer/feignGet  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0NTc1Njgw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]

**配置中心（config），熔断器（hystrix），（负载均衡）ribbon**  
下一章：[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_44575680/article/details/106784855][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_44575680_article_details_106784855]

[GitHub]: https://github.com/wl1006/Spring-Cloud-Demo
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[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_44575680_article_details_106784855]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44575680/article/details/106784855