IDEA的使用与多线程

电玩女神 2022-01-28 19:37 305阅读 0赞

# 十一：IDEA的使用与多线程 #

ctrl+shift+t：查找类  
ctrl+o：查找类中的方法  
Alt+enter：可以修改错误

*  11.1  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2019052921241795.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190529211609907.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190529215744118.png]  
    bin/idea64.exe.vmoptions下修改  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
    IEDA工程：  
    输出是：sout+enter键或者（“HelloWorld ”）.sout+enter键；main（）方法是psvm；（可在“File“”setting”“live Tenplates”中更改）  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][2019053010373313.png]  
    Eclipse工程：  
    输出是：syso+alt+/；main（）方法是main（）+alt+/；  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190530103809393.png]
 *  11.2：Module（创建模块）  
    IDEA：Project和Module  
    Eclipse：Workspace和Project  
    创建：在“Project”下“new”“Module”  
    删除：“Remove Module”使其成为普通的文件，再右击“Delete”
 *  11.3多线程  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]
 *  如何创建多线程：  
    1：继承于Thread类  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

package Test01;
    
    public class ThreadTest2 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        MyThread2 p2=new MyThread2();
        MyThread3 p3=new MyThread3();
        p2.start();
        p3.start();
        }
    }
    class MyThread2 extends Thread{
        
        public void run(){
        
            for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        
                if(i%2==0)
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+i);
            }
        }
    }
    class MyThread3 extends Thread{
        
        public void run(){
        
            for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        
                if(i%2!=0)
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+i);
            }
        }
    }
    因对象只使用一次，所以可以创建匿名子对象
        new Thread(){
        
            public void run(){
        
                for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        
                    if(i%2!=0)
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+i);
                }
            }
        }.start();

Thread类的有关方法  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
调用set（）和get()方法设置线程名字：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]或者在构造其中设置线程名字：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190530175359146.png]释放当前cpu执行权  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190530193918186.png]  
加入执行  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]睡眠  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190530194026473.png]判断是否存活  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190530194048504.png]

*  线程的优先级

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]![在这里插入图片描述][20190530200107761.png]  
2:实现Runnable接口的类  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190530211902524.png]

public class WindowTest2 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            Window w=new Window ();
            Thread t1=new Thread(w);//用的是public Thread(Runnable target){}构造器
            Thread t2=new Thread(w);//t1和t2构造器中的w参数相同，则两者共享一个ticket
            t1.setName("窗口1");
            t2.setName("窗口2");
            t1.start();
            t2.start();
    
        }
    }
    class Window implements Runnable{
        
        private  int ticket=100;//不用定义为static型
        public void run(){
        
          while(true){
        
            if(ticket>0){
        
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"：卖票，票号为："+ticket);
                ticket--;
            }else{
        
                break;
            }
        }}
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][20190530214050396.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
主线程也就是用户线程；异常线程，垃圾回收线程属于守护线程  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
线程的生命周期  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]线程安全问题  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

*  同步代码块  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]同步代码块对继承：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]  
    同步代码块对实现：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]  
    同步监视器有三种：  
    1.对象：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]2.this：是调用windows.run（）的对象，只有一个  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190531190556644.png]  
    3.当前类：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190531191423245.png]  
    同步方法：  
    ![20190531194452887.png][]  
    同步方法对继承  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]同步方法对实现  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]Lock锁  
    ![20190531205127313.png][]  
    Lock锁对实现：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]
 *  死锁  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190531202901194.png]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23]
 *  线程通信  
    两个线程交替进行  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190601212246316.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190601212528442.png]sleep（）和wait（）相同点和区别  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190601212717859.png]  
    3.实现Callable接口  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20190602143003956.png]

package Test03;
    import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
    import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
    public class CallableTest {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            //3.创建Callable接口实现类的对象
            NumThread p=new NumThread();
            //4.将次Callable接口实现类作为形参传递到FutherTask构造器中，创建FutherTask的对象中
            FutureTask f=new FutureTask(p);
            //5.将FutherTask的对象作为参数传递到Thread类的构造器中，创建Thread对象，并且调用start（）；
            new Thread(f).start();
            try {
        
                //6.获取Callable中call方法的返回值
                Object sum = f.get();
                System.out.println("总和为："+sum);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ExecutionException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    //1.创建一个实现Callable的实现类
    class NumThread implements Callable {
        
        int sum=0;
        //实现call方法，将此线程需要执行的操作声明在call（）中
        @Override
        public Object call() throws Exception {
        
            for(int i=1;i<100;i++){
        
                if(i%2==0){
        
                    System.out.println(i);
                    sum+=i;
                }}
                return sum;//装箱将sum装换为类
            }
        }
        ```
     4.使用线程池
     ![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190602160002928.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
    ![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190602155801401.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190602155813109.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk2NjcxMg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

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