Spring+SpingMVC+Mybatis的搭建

短命女 2022-01-28 04:23 133阅读 0赞

**一：概述**

SSM框架在项目开发中经常使用到，相比于SSH框架，它在仅几年的开发中运用的更加广泛。

Spring作为一个轻量级的框架，有很多的拓展功能，最主要的我们一般项目使用的就是IOC和AOP。  
SpringMVC是Spring实现的一个Web层，相当于Struts的框架，但是比Struts更加灵活和强大！  
Mybatis是 一个持久层的框架，在使用上相比Hibernate更加灵活，可以控制sql的编写，使用 XML或注解进行相关的配置！

根据上面的描述，学习SSM框架就非常的重要了！

**二：搭建一个SSM的过程**

使用Maven管理项目  
使用Maven在Eclipse中创建一个webapp的项目 ，具体的创建过程不做演示，如有不会创建的\[创建项目\]  
也可以使用Maven命令进行创建，在Dos窗口进入指定的目录，执行下面命令：  
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.ssm.dufy -DartifactId=ssm-demo -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false

使用命令要注意，系统安装了Maven，并配置好了环境变量！

**1.导入项目（命名创建），添加依赖**  
导入项目是IDE中，或者直接在IDE创建，一般默认有【src/main/java】，手动创建【src/test/resources】、【src/test/java】文件夹。

如下项目结构：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**2.然后直接配置 pom.xml文件中的包依赖！**

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>org.dufy</groupId>
      <artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <name>ssmDemo</name>
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
      <properties>
        <spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.35</mysql.version>
        
        
      </properties>
      <dependencies>
      
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
     
      
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
      
      
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
             <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
             <version>0.2.23</version>
         </dependency>
         
           
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>  
                <version>1.1.41</version>  
            </dependency> 
        
         
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.logback-extensions</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-ext-spring</artifactId>
            <version>0.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
      
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                  <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                  <version>3.0.1</version>
              </dependency>
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
                  <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
                  <version>2.3.2-b01</version>
              </dependency>
              
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                  <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                  <version>1.2</version>
              </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.1</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      <build>
        <finalName>ssmDemo</finalName>
      </build>
    </project>

**3.创建数据库和表，生成代码**  
创建数据库我参考别人的博客数据库设计，这块没有自己去书写，直接添上代码

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_t`;  
      
    CREATE TABLE `user_t` (  
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
      `user_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,  
      `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,  
      `age` int(4) NOT NULL,  
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;  
      
    /*Data for the table `user_t` */  
      
    insert  into `user_t`(`id`,`user_name`,`password`,`age`) values (1,'测试','sfasgfaf',24)

可以使用Mybatis自动生成代码，教程：[https://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/23912615][https_blog.csdn.net_zhshulin_article_details_23912615]

生成的代码导入图片解释：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

**4.Spring 和 mybatis整合，连接数据库,进行Junit测试  
将生成的代码拷贝到项目中，然后进行Spring和Mybatis的整合，添加配置文件！**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 主要有 ##

applicationContent.xml ：Spring的相关配置！  
Spring-mhbatis.xml ： Spring和Mybatis集成配置！  
jdbc.properties : 数据库信息配置！  
logback.xml : 日志输出信息配置！（不做介绍，详细信息查看源码）

主要介绍applicationContext.xml、Spring-mhbatis.xml、jdbc.properties。主要内容如下：

1.配置文件：**jdbc.properties**

jdbc_driverClassName =com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    jdbc_username=root
    jdbc_password=root

2.配置文件：**applicationContext.xml**

3.配置文件：**spring-mybatis.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
    
    
         <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
                    
            <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc_driverClassName}"/>
            <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}"/>
            <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}"/>
            <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>
          
            
            <property name="initialSize" value="10"/>
            <property name="minIdle" value="10"/>
            <property name="maxActive" value="50"/>
    
            
            <property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>
            
            <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
    
            
            <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />
    
            <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" />
            <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
            <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
            <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
    
            
            <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="false" />
            <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20" />
    
            
            <property name="filters" value="wall,stat" />
        </bean>
        
    
         
          
        <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">  
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
              
            <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:org/ssm/dufy/mapper/*.xml"></property>  
        </bean>   
        
        
           
        <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  
            <property name="basePackage" value="org.ssm.dufy.dao" />  
            <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>  
        </bean>  
        
        
    
        <bean id="transactionManager"  
            class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">  
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        </bean> 
    
        
        
        
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

**4.测试代码，两种方式：**

测试1：

package org.ssm.dufy.service;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
    
    /**
     * 配置spring和junit整合，junit启动时加载springIOC容器 spring-test,junit
     */
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    // 告诉junit spring配置文件
    @ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
    public class IUserServiceTest {
    
        @Autowired
        public IUserService userService;
        
        @Test
        public void getUserByIdTest(){
         
            User user = userService.getUserById(1);
            System.out.println(user.getUserName());
        }
        
    }

测试2：

package org.ssm.dufy.service;
    
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
    
    public class IUserServiceTest2 {
    
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ApplicationContext application = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            IUserService uService = (IUserService) application.getBean("userService");
            User user = uService.getUserById(1);
            System.out.println(user.getUserName());
        }
    }

**5：整合SpringMVC，添加配置，创建jsp**

SpringMVC需要的依赖在pom.xml中已经加上了，现在需在Web项目中的web.xml中添加启动SpringMVC启动配置和Spring整合SpringMVC的配置了。  
新增如下两个文件：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

6.配置文件：**spring-mvc.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
      xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
         
        
       <context:component-scan base-package="org.ssm.dufy.web" use-default-filters="false">
            <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>
       
         <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
          
        
        <bean id="contentNegotiationManager" class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="favorPathExtension" value="true"/>
            
            <property name="favorParameter" value="true"/>
            <property name="parameterName" value="format"/>
            
            <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="false"/>
    
            <property name="mediaTypes"> 
                <value>
                    json=application/json
                    xml=application/xml
                    html=text/html
                </value>
            </property>
            
            <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html"/>
        </bean>
    
    
        
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler />  
        
        <mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/"/>
       
    
       
         <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>
          
    
    </beans>

7.配置文件：**web.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app>
      <display-name>SSM-DEMO</display-name>
      
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
        
        
    
        
        <filter>
            <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
    
        
        <context-param>
            <param-name>logbackConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:logback.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
        <listener>
            <listener-class>ch.qos.logback.ext.spring.web.LogbackConfigListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                
                <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        
      
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
    </web-app>

8.**新增index.jsp文件**

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <body>
    <h2>Hello World!</h2>
    </body>
    </html>

9.**启动web服务，测试**

将上面的项目添加到Tomcat中，启动，控制台没有报错，并在地址栏访问，[http://localhost:8080/ssm。页面显示][http_localhost_8080_ssm] Hello World! 项目配置ok！

10.**编写Controller，和对应得业务界面**

新增UserController ，通过参数传递uid获取用户，若用户存在，跳转到showName.jsp ，若用户不存在，则跳转到error.jsp,并返回提示信息！
    
    package org.ssm.dufy.web;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
    import org.ssm.dufy.service.IUserService;
    
    @Controller
    public class UserController {
    
        @Autowired
        private IUserService userService;
        
        @RequestMapping(value="/showname",method=RequestMethod.GET)
        public String showUserName(@RequestParam("uid") int uid,HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
            System.out.println("showname");
            User user = userService.getUserById(uid);
            if(user != null){
                request.setAttribute("name", user.getUserName());
                model.addAttribute("mame", user.getUserName());
                return "showName";
            }
            request.setAttribute("error", "没有找到该用户！");
            return "error";
        }
    }

Jsp内容如下：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

showName.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>show name</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Welcome</h1> ${name }<h1>访问此页面</h1>
    
    </body>
    </html>

error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>error page</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h2> ${error } </h2>
    
    </body>
    </html>

或许这些都是站在别人的基础的搭建的，但是看一篇SSM的搭建文章可能很快，看完觉得自己懂了，但是我建议一定要自己去搭建一次，看一遍，和动手做一遍完全是两个概念！

摘自原创：[https://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/p/6421441.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_aflyun_p_6421441.html]

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[https_blog.csdn.net_zhshulin_article_details_23912615]: https://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/23912615
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nMTUwMTE0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220128/b45a98fac11c4e999ad25735c64fcdf1.png
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[http_localhost_8080_ssm]: http://localhost:8080/ssm%E3%80%82%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA
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[https_www.cnblogs.com_aflyun_p_6421441.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/p/6421441.html