OSPF单区域配置-Cisco Packet Tracer v7.0思科网络模拟器实验练习

旧城等待， 2022-01-26 12:49 322阅读 0赞

**        OSPF****是一种常用的动态路由协议，采用SPF算法计算最优路由。**

**        OSPF****的算法好、收敛快、支持大型且复杂的网络结构、不容易被有害路由信息影响。**

**        OSPF****可适应各种大规模网络，可支持区域划分，可基于带宽来选择最佳路由，无路由自环等优点。**

**OSPF****划分区域的好处是减少LSA的数量和屏蔽了网络变化波及的范围。**

**        OSPF****路由协议是一种典型的链路状态（Link-state）的路由协议，一般用于同一个路由域内。路由域是指一个自治系统（Autonomous System），即AS，它是指一组通过统一的路由政策或路由协议互相交换路由信息的网络。在这个AS中，所有的OSPF路由器都维护一个相同的描述这个AS结构的数据库，该数据库中存放的是路由域中相应链路的状态信息，OSPF路由器正是通过这个数据库计算出其OSPF路由表的。作为一种链路状态的路由协议，OSPF将链路状态广播数据包LSA（Link State Advertisement）传送给在某一区域内的所有路由器，这一点与距离矢量路由协议不同。运行距离矢量路由协议的路由器是将部分或全部的路由表传递给与其相邻的路由器。**

*  **实验名称**

OSPF单区域配置实验（思科）

*  **知识准备**

掌握OSPF动态路由协议的定义和功能

掌握OSPF动态路由协议的特征和工作原理

*  **实验目的**

掌握OSPF动态路由单区域的基本配置方法和结果验证

*  **实验内容**

完成思科模拟器路由器OSPF动态路由的基本配置和结果验证

*  **实验环境**

Cisco模拟器

*  **实验拓扑**

![20190529085525900.png][]

*  **实验步骤**

**1****、修改路由器1主机名为R1：**

![20190529085625295.jpeg][]

1.  **配置loopback接口地址：**

![20190529085626248.jpeg][]

1.  **配置interface接口地址：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

1.  **启动OSPF路由并宣告网络：**

![20190529085626428.jpeg][]

1.  **修改路由器2主机名为R2：**

![20190529085626534.jpeg][]

1.  **配置loopback接口地址：**

![20190529085627922.jpeg][]

1.  **配置interface接口地址：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

**8****、启动OSPF路由并宣告网络：**

![20190529085628688.jpeg][]

**8****、修改路由器3主机名为R3：**

![20190529085627315.jpeg][]

**9****、配置loopback接口地址：**

![20190529085628180.jpeg][]

**10****、配置interface接口地址：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

**11****、启动OSPF路由并宣告网络：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**12****、修改路由器4主机名为R4：**

![20190529085627334.jpeg][]

**13****、配置loopback接口地址：**

![20190529085628373.jpeg][]

**14****、配置interface接口地址：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

**15****、启动OSPF路由并宣告网络：**

![20190529085628570.jpeg][]

**16****、配置PC机的IP地址：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

**17****、查看R1的邻居：**

![20190529085627764.jpeg][]

**18****、查看R1的路由表：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

**19****、查看R1的数据库：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**20****、查看R1的接口信息：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

**21****、查看R2的邻居：**

![20190529085627802.jpeg][]

**22****、查看R2的路由表：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

**23****、查看R2的数据库：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

**24****、查看R2的接口信息：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

**25****、查看R3的邻居：**

![20190529085627806.jpeg][]

**26****、查看R3的路由表：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

**27****、查看R3的数据库：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

**28****、查看R3的接口信息：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

![20190529085628781.jpeg][]

**29****、查看R4的邻居：**

![20190529085627923.jpeg][]

**30****、查看R4的路由表：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

**31****、查看R4的数据库：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

**32****、查看R4的接口信息：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

*  **结果验证**

**1****、从PC0上对PC1进行ping验证，并跟踪路由：**

![20190529085819652.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

**3****、在PC0上ping验证：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

**4****、在PC1上ping验证：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

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