Git基本操作(命令行)

Love The Way You Lie 2022-01-17 07:09 307阅读 0赞

来到git bash界面

### 1.查看当前路径 ###

pwd //输出 /e/demo 我现在在E盘下的demo文件夹

### 2.显示所有文件的详细信息 ###

ll //输出 total 1
       //     -rw-r--r-- 1 admin 197121 32 Jun 12 21:53 test.txt

### 3.创建并进入文件夹 ###

mkdir demo2
    
    cd demo2

### 4.初始化仓库 ###

git init  //输出 Initialized empty Git repository in E:/demo/demo2/.git/

### 5.追加文字(无文件则创建)到文件末尾 ###

echo "demo reposi" >> test.txt

### 6.查看文件内容 ###

cat test.txt //输出 demo reposi

### 7.添加文件到暂存区 ###

git add test.txt
    //输出
    //warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in test.txt.
    //The file will have its original line endings in your working directory.

### 8.提交暂存区的文件到仓库并添加提交信息 ###

git commit test.txt -m "test first commit"
    //输出
    //warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in test.txt.
    //The file will have its original line endings in your working directory.
    //[master (root-commit) 0be2f76] test first commit
    // 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
    //create mode 100644 test.txt

### 9.查看文件状态 ###

git status
    //输出 文件提交到master分支，无操作，工作是clean干净的
    //On branch master
    //nothing to commit, working tree clean

### 10.文件内容回滚并确认 ###

git reset HEAD test.txt
    
    //输出 注意，此时并未完成回滚，需要下一操作
    //git reset HEAD demo.txt
    //Unstaged changes after reset:
    //M       test.txt
    
    //查看一下此时的状态
    git status
    //On branch master
    //Changes not staged for commit:
    //  (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
    //  (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
    
    //        modified:   test.txt
    
    //no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
    
    git checkout -- test.txt
    //此时文件已回到上次提交的状态，可打开查看
    git status
    //On branch master
    //nothing to commit, working tree clean

### 11.放弃本次提交，回滚到某一次提交的状态 ###

git log //查看所有提交的commit 号,并找到要回滚的commit号
    
    //commit 433db8b415782d36df1cee767156a457be8c69cd
    //Author: sakura <2399865721@qq.com>
    //Date:   Wed Jun 12 22:20:28 2019 +0800
    
    //    second commit
    
    //commit 0be2f763dbabb6fb5aace90c154ff97fc5516589
    //Author: sakura <2399865721@qq.com>
    //Date:   Wed Jun 12 22:05:11 2019 +0800
    
    //    test first commit
    
    git reset --hard 0be2f763dbabb6fb5aace90c154ff97fc5516589
    //hard指仓库和暂存区都进行回滚
    //HEAD is now at 0be2f76 test first commit
    //此时文件已恢复

### 12.删除文件 ###

git rm test.txt //此时并未删除，需下一步
    //rm 'test.txt'
    
    git commit -m "delete test"
    //[master 71b5719] delete test
    // 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)
    // delete mode 100644 test.txt

### 13.标签管理 ###

便于回滚，使用便签可回滚到指定标签的状态

git tag                        //查看所有标签
    git tag tagname                //创建标签
    git tag -a name -m "content"   //指定提交标签
    git tag -d name                //删除标签
    git push origin name           //标签发布

### 14.分支管理 ###

git不止只有一个master分支，可自己创建分支，后将分支合并到master中去

git branch               //查看所有分支
    git branch new_branch    //创建分支
    git checkout branch_name //切换分支
    git merge branch_name    //合并分支
    git branch -d branch_name//删除分支

### 15.添加远程仓库 ###

git remote add origin git@github.com:qiujiakang120/sakura_test.git
    //后边是仓库链接
    git push -u origin master
    //推送到远程

### 16.克隆仓库 ###

git clone git@github.com:qiujiakang120/sakura_test.git
    //后边是仓库链接
    git push -u origin master
    //推送到远程