基于SpringMVC的Restful风格的CRUD操作

曾经终败给现在 2022-01-12 09:47 319阅读 0赞

**Restful风格 是一种比较流行的软件架构风格和开发方式。**  
**源码下载地址：**  
\*\*链接：\*\*[https://pan.baidu.com/s/1plbpUpeQt4-LANVoAPlvKQ][https_pan.baidu.com_s_1plbpUpeQt4-LANVoAPlvKQ]  
**提取码：zhro**

使用须知：  
首先我是用了maven做的，我的链接里面也有两个项目，分别是maven的和springmvc的，如果是在springmvc下用的话也差不多。

--------------------

## 源码操作步骤（简述）： ##

**（1）首先运行项目，显示一个起始界面。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

**（2）在地址栏输入设置的url地址list进行界面跳转，显示后台设置的数据。**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
**（3）点击id为1003的删除按钮，删除数据。（F5刷新）**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**（4）点击添加按钮跳转到添加数据的界面，输入相应数据保存数据。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
**（5）点击id为1001的修改按钮，跳转到修改界面，修改它的数据。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

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## 源码分析： ##

**它的基本思路就是定义javabean存储数据，在dao层做相关crud操作，在controller那里调用方法去执行它，list界面做了一个根据id提交表单，在controller有相应的url跳转，add界面和edit界面类似，获取数据保存到绘画中去再读取出来，主要注意的就是url的路径。**  
我们学习的过程中肯定会遇到许多问题，培养自学能力和有一颗想进步的心是非常重要的。  
**结构目录：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDgzMDA5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
**（1）首先肯定要做一个pojo类来存数据，就是一个普通的javabean。**  
User.java

package com.qfedu.springmvc.pojo;
    
    public class User { 
    	private Integer id;
    	private String username;
    	private String password;
    	private String email;
    	private Integer age;
    	private Address address;
    	public User() { 
    		super();
    		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    	}
    	
    	
    	public User(Integer id, String username, String password, String email, Integer age, Address address) { 
    		super();
    		this.id = id;
    		this.username = username;
    		this.password = password;
    		this.email = email;
    		this.age = age;
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    
    
    
    	public Integer getId() { 
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(Integer id) { 
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public String getUsername() { 
    		return username;
    	}
    	public void setUsername(String username) { 
    		this.username = username;
    	}
    	public String getPassword() { 
    		return password;
    	}
    	public void setPassword(String password) { 
    		this.password = password;
    	}
    	public String getEmail() { 
    		return email;
    	}
    	public void setEmail(String email) { 
    		this.email = email;
    	}
    	public Integer getAge() { 
    		return age;
    	}
    	public void setAge(Integer age) { 
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    	public Address getAddress() { 
    		return address;
    	}
    	public void setAddress(Address address) { 
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() { 
    		return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + ", email=" + email + ", age="
    				+ age + ", address=" + address + "]";
    	}
    }

Address.java

package com.qfedu.springmvc.pojo;
    
    public class Address { 
    	
    	private Integer id;
    	private String province;
    	private String city;
    	
    	
    	public Address(Integer id, String province, String city) { 
    		super();
    		this.id = id;
    		this.province = province;
    		this.city = city;
    	}
    	public Integer getId() { 
    		return id;
    	}
    	public void setId(Integer id) { 
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    	public String getProvince() { 
    		return province;
    	}
    	public void setProvince(String province) { 
    		this.province = province;
    	}
    	public String getCity() { 
    		return city;
    	}
    	public void setCity(String city) { 
    		this.city = city;
    	}
    	public Address() { 
    		super();
    		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    	}
    	@Override
    	public String toString() { 
    		return "Address [id=" + id + ", province=" + province + ", city=" + city + "]";
    	}
    }

**（2）配置dao层**  
这里采用静态方式事先存一些数据进去，因为没有使用数据库，全部存在绘画里。并调用一些系统的方法来为crud操作做准备。

package com.qfedu.springmvc.dao;
    
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import com.qfedu.springmvc.pojo.Address;
    import com.qfedu.springmvc.pojo.User;
    
    
    @Repository
    public class Userdao { 
    	private static Map<Integer,User> users=null;
    	
    	static { 
    		users=new HashMap<Integer, User>();
    		
    		users.put(1001,new User(1001,"l1","123","1@qq.com",13,new Address(1,"广西","南宁")));
    		users.put(1002,new User(1002,"l2","123","2@qq.com",14,new Address(2,"广东","广州")));
    		users.put(1003,new User(1003,"l3","123","3@qq.com",15,new Address(3,"贵州","贵阳")));
    	}
    	
    	private static Integer intId=1004;
    	
    	public void save(User user) { 
    		if(user.getId()==null) { 
    			user.setId(intId++);
    		}
    		users.put(user.getId(), user);
    	}
    	
    	public Collection<User> getAll(){ 
    		return users.values();
    	}
    	
    	public User get(Integer id) { 
    		return users.get(id);
    	}
    	
    	public void delete(Integer id) { 
    		users.remove(id);
    	}
    	
    }

**（3）配置Controller，没有定义servlet，直接在这里一起操作了。**

package com.qfedu.springmvc.controller;
    
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import com.qfedu.springmvc.dao.Userdao;
    import com.qfedu.springmvc.pojo.Address;
    import com.qfedu.springmvc.pojo.User;
    
    @Controller
    //把存入user的值放进session中，规定存进去的值是String类型
    @SessionAttributes(value = { "user"},types = { String.class})
    public class UserController { 
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private Userdao userDao;
    	
    	///
    	
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/list",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    	public String list(Model m) { 
    		Collection<User> mo=userDao.getAll();
    		m.addAttribute("mo", mo);
    		return "user/list";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method =RequestMethod.DELETE)
    	public String delete(@PathVariable(value="id") Integer id) { 
    		System.out.println("delete" + id);
    		userDao.delete(id);
    		return "redirect:/list";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/add",method =RequestMethod.GET)
    	public String add() { 
    		System.out.println("add");
    		return "user/add";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/",method =RequestMethod.POST)
    	public String save1(User user) { 
    		System.out.println("save1");
    		userDao.save(user);
    		return "redirect:/list";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method =RequestMethod.GET)
    	public String edit10(@PathVariable(value="id") Integer id,Model c) { 
    		System.out.println("edit");
    		User user= userDao.get(id);
    		c.addAttribute("user", user);
    		return "user/edit";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method =RequestMethod.PUT)
    	public String update(@PathVariable(value="id") Integer id,User user) { 
    		System.out.println("update");
    		user.setId(id);
    		userDao.save(user);
    		return "redirect:/list";
    	}
    }

**（4）几个显示数据的jsp页面（忽略home.jsp）**  
**list,jsp**

<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>用户列表</h1>
    <a href="add">添加</a>
    <table border="1">
    	<tr>
    		<td>id</td>
    		<td>姓名</td>
    		<td>年龄</td>
    		<td>省份</td>
    		<td>城市</td>
    		<td>操作</td>
    	</tr>
    	<c:forEach items="${mo}" var="user">
    	<tr>
    		<td>${ user.id}</td>
    		<td>${ user.username}</td>
    		<td>${ user.age}</td>
    		<td>${ user.address.province}</td>
    		<td>${ user.address.city}</td>
    		<td>
    		<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="deteteById(${user.id})">删除</a>
    		<a href="${user.id}">修改</a>
    		</td>
    	</tr>
    	</c:forEach>
    </table>
    
    
    
    <form action="1" method="post" id="d1">
    	<input type="text" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
    	<button>DELETE提交</button>
    </form>
    <form action="1" method="post" id="d2">
    	<input type="text" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
    	<button>PUT提交</button>
    </form>
    
    <script>
    function deteteById(id){ 
    	var form=document.getElementById('d1');
    	form.action = id;
    	document.getElementById('d1').submit();
    }
    function updateById(id){ 
    	var form=document.getElementById('d2');
    	form.action = id;
    	document.getElementById('d2').submit();
    }
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

**add.jsp**

<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/" method="post">
    <label for="">用户名:  <input type="text" name="username" value="${user.username}" /></label><br />
    <label for="">密码:  <input type="password" name="password" value="${user.password}"/></label><br />
    <label for="">邮箱:  <input type="text" name="email" value="${user.email}"/></label><br />
    
    
    <label for="">年龄:  <input type="text" name="age" value="${sessionScope.user.age}"/></label><br />
    
    <label for="">省份:  <input type="text" name="address.province" value="${user.address.province}"/></label><br />
    <label for="">城市:  <input type="text" name="address.city" value="${user.address.city}"/></label><br />
    <button>保存</button>
    </form>
    </body>
    </html>

**edit.jsp**

<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/${user.id}" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
    
    
    <label for="">用户名:  <input type="text" name="username" value="${user.username}" /></label><br />
    <label for="">密码:  <input type="password" name="password" value="${user.password}"/></label><br />
    <label for="">邮箱:  <input type="text" name="email" value="${user.email}"/></label><br />
    
    
    <label for="">年龄:  <input type="text" name="age" value="${sessionScope.user.age}"/></label><br />
    
    <label for="">省份:  <input type="text" name="address.province" value="${user.address.province}"/></label><br />
    <label for="">城市:  <input type="text" name="address.city" value="${user.address.city}"/></label><br />
    <button>保存</button>
    </form>
    </body>
    </html>

**（5）其他的一些基本配置文件**  
**web.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
      <display-name>springmvc-04-mvc</display-name>
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
      
        <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
      
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        
      </servlet-mapping>
      
      
      <filter>  
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
            <init-param>  
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
            </init-param>  
            <init-param>  
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
                <param-value>true</param-value>  
            </init-param>  
        </filter>  
        <filter-mapping>  
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>  <filter> <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>

**pom.xml**

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.qfedu</groupId>
      <artifactId>springmvc-04-mvc</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      
      
      <dependencies>
      <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      
      
      <dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
    <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
      
      
      
      
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
      </dependencies>
      <build>
      <plugins>
        
    		<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    				<version>3.7.0</version>
    				<configuration>
    					<source>1.8</source>
    					<target>1.8</target>
    					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    				</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    			
    			  
    			  <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <port>8001</port>
                        <path>/mvc</path>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
      </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>

**springMVC-servlet.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
            
           
           <context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan>
           
           
           <context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.springmvc.dao"></context:component-scan>
           
           
           
           <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
            
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
           </bean>
    </beans>

[https_pan.baidu.com_s_1plbpUpeQt4-LANVoAPlvKQ]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1plbpUpeQt4-LANVoAPlvKQ
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