Python模块xlwt对excel进行写入操作

待我称王封你为后i 2022-01-05 16:59 366阅读 0赞

[python常用模块目录][python]

## 1、安装 ##

$ pip install xlwt

## 2、创建表格和工作表单写入内容 ##

例子:

import xlwt
    # 创建一个workbook 设置编码
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'utf-8') #print(workbook) %结果%<xlwt.Workbook.Workbook object at 0x005F4630>
    # 创建一个worksheet
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')
    
    # 写入excel
    # 参数对应 行, 列, 值
    worksheet.write(1,0, label = '第二行第一列')
    
    # 保存
    workbook.save('学习笔记.xls')
    运行后 会在当前目录生成一个“学习笔记.xls”

![1286512-20190419190016027-2005444027.png][]

## 3、表格带带样式单元格写入 ##

import xlwt
    
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('魔降风云变笔记')
    style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化样式
    font = xlwt.Font() # 为样式创建字体
    font.name = 'Times New Roman'
    font.bold = True # 黑体
    font.underline = True # 下划线
    font.italic = True # 斜体字
    style.font = font # 设定样式
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '不带样式的写入') # 不带样式的写入，第一行第一列
    worksheet.write(1, 0, '带样式的写入', style) # 带样式的写入，第二行第一列
    workbook.save('我的笔记.xls') # 保存文件

![1286512-20190419190128373-1423414449.png][]

## 4、设置单元格宽度: ##

import xlwt
    
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('mcw')
    worksheet.write(0, 0,'第一行第一列单元格内容')
    
    # 设置单元格宽度
    worksheet.col(0).width = 3333
    workbook.save('cell_width.xls')

## ![1286512-20190419190423922-1912278352.png][] ##

## 5、输入一个日期到单元格: ##

import xlwt
    import datetime
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河工作表')
    style = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0
    worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style)
    workbook.save('输入日期.xlsx')

![1286512-20190419190408276-1538342686.png][]

## 6、向单元格添加一个公式: ##

import xlwt
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('测试工作表')
    worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5  #第一行第一列5
    worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2  #第一行第二列2
    worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2])  第二行第一列，输出第一行数字乘积
    worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2])  第二行第二列，输出第一行数字之和
    workbook.save('添加公式并计算.xls')

![1286512-20190419190515585-1327500605.png][]

## 7、向单元格添加一个超链接: ##

import xlwt
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')
    worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("https://www.baidu.com";"百度")')) # 输出文本百度，为超链接第一行第一列
    workbook.save('添加超链接.xls')

![1286512-20190419190555630-756765591.png][]

## 8、合并列和行: ##

import xlwt
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')
    worksheet.write_merge(0, 1, 0, 3, '合并从第一行到第二行，第一列到第四列') # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3.
    font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font   #创建字体示例
    font.bold = True # Set font to Bold  #bold设置为黑体字
    style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
    style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style
    worksheet.write_merge(2,3, 0, 3, '合并从第三行到第四行，第一列到第四列', style) # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3.
    workbook.save('合并单元格.xls')

![1286512-20190419190700797-1147012030.png][]

## 9、设置单元格内容的对其方式: ##

\#Alignment n. 结盟; 队列，排成直线; 校直，调整; \[工\] 准线;  
\#HORZ 水平的；地平式;  
\#GENERAL 普遍的; 大致的; 综合的; 总的，全体的;  
\#FILLED 满的; 填满的; 充气的; 加载的;  
\#JUSTIFIED adj. 有正当理由的，合理的; 事出有因的;  
\#DISTRIBUTED 分布式的;  
\#VERT n. 森林中的草木，绿色; 倾侧; 倾转;

import xlwt
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
    alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # 创建对其格式的对象 Create Alignment
    alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER #我猜是左右的对其，水平居中 May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED
    alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER #我猜是上下的对其 May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED
    style = xlwt.XFStyle() #创建样式对象 Create Style
    style.alignment = alignment # 将格式Alignment对象加入到样式对象Add Alignment to Style
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '单元居中', style)  #写入的时候调用样式style
    workbook.save('单元格对其方式.xls')
    #创建alignment对象，设置单元格上下左右都是居中的。创建样式对象style，然后将alignment加入到style里面。在工作表worksheet指定单元格里写入数据，并使用style样式

![1286512-20190419190824886-204903578.png][]

## 10、为单元格议添加边框: ##

\# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines.

import xlwt
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')
    borders = xlwt.Borders()  # 创建边框对象Create Borders
    borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED  #对边框对象进行操作，指定边框上下左右的边框类型为虚线
    # DASHED虚线
    # NO_LINE没有
    # THIN实线
    # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.
    borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
    borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
    borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
    borders.left_colour = 0x40      #指定上下左右的边框颜色为0x40
    borders.right_colour = 0x40
    borders.top_colour = 0x40
    borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
    style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style   #创建样式对象
    style.borders = borders  # 将设置好的边框对象borders 加到样式对象style中。Add Borders to Style
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '单元格内容', style)   #向单元格第一行第一列写入“单元格内容”，并使用创建好的样式对象style
    workbook.save('添加边框.xls')
    #创建边框对象，对边框对象进行操作，指定边框上下左右的边框类型为虚线等等，指定上下左右的边框颜色为0x40。指定上下左右的边框颜色为0x40，将设置好的边框对象borders 加到样式对象style中。Add Borders to Style，#向单元格第一行第一列写入“单元格内容”，并使用创建好的样式对象style

## 11、为单元格设置背景色: ##

\#SOLID 固体; 立体图形; 立方体;

import xlwt
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')
    pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # 创建模式对象Create the Pattern
    pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
    pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 #设置模式颜色 May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
    style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 创建样式对象Create the Pattern
    style.pattern = pattern # 将模式加入到样式对象Add Pattern to Style
    worksheet.write(0, 0, '单元格内容', style)#向单元格写入内容时使用样式对象style
    workbook.save('设置背景颜色.xls')

![1286512-20190419191025705-1799856147.png][]

参考链接：  
1）https://www.cnblogs.com/python-robot/p/9958352.html

需要：

https://www.jb51.net/article/60510.htm

https://51changxue.com/python-excel%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E4%B9%8Bxlwt%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC/

https://www.cnblogs.com/Javauser/p/8950327.html

读取，写入，以及追加写入：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a8391a2b8c6c

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/machangwei-8/p/10738244.html

[python]: https://www.cnblogs.com/machangwei-8/p/9539601.html
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