如何创建一个WebService

女爷i 2021-12-24 12:43 313阅读 0赞

今天我们来看一下如何在VS2008中创建并应用一个基本的WebService。  
  
**场景：利用VS2008建立一个WebService,改服务取得Northwind下的 Customers表格数据。  
ASPX页面调用该服务，并将结果以GridView的形式显示在界面上。**  
  
首先，我们当然是做一个service了。  
我们通过菜单生成一个Web Service，命名为：Customers,它的完整名字是：Customers.asmx。  
代码如下：

using  System;  
 using  System.Collections;  
 using  System.ComponentModel;  
 using  System.Data;  
 using  System.Linq;  
 using  System.Web;  
 using  System.Web.Services;  
 using  System.Web.Services.Protocols;  
 using  System.Xml.Linq;  
  
 using  System.Data.SqlClient;  
  
 namespace  BlogNet.WebService  
\{  
\[WebService(Namespace  =  " http://www.cnblogs.com/davidgu/customers " )\]  
\[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo  =  WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1\_1)\]  
\[ToolboxItem( false )\]  
 //  To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line.  
 //  \[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService\]   
  public  class  Customers : System.Web.Services.WebService  
\{  
  
\[WebMethod\]  
 public  DataSet GetCustomers()  
\{  
SqlConnection conn;  
SqlDataAdapter myDataAdapter;  
DataSet myDataSet;  
 string  cmdString  =  " Select \* From Customers " ;  
  
conn  =  new  SqlConnection( " Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Integrated Security=True " );  
myDataAdapter  =  new  SqlDataAdapter(cmdString, conn);  
  
myDataSet  =  new  DataSet();  
myDataAdapter.Fill(myDataSet,  " Customers " );  
  
 return  myDataSet;  
\}  
\}  
\}

然后，我们需要在我们的solution中引用该服务。  
鼠标点击solution，  
**a) 右键菜单－>Add Web Reference,在弹出的对话框中，  
b) 我们选择"** [**Web services in this solution**][Web services in this solution]  **"，  
c) 再选择我们刚刚创建的Customers服务。  
d) 然后在Web reference Name中我们给我们的服务取个有意义的名字为：WS\_Customers。**  
  
这些做好以后，我们可以观察在Web.config文件中自动生成了一些东西，如下：

![dot.gif][]  
  
 < applicationSettings >   
 < BlogNet.Properties.Settings >   
 < setting  name ="BlogNet\_WS\_Customers\_Customers"  serializeAs ="String" >   
 < value > http://localhost:1408/WebService/Customers.asmx </ value >   
 </ setting >   
 </ BlogNet.Properties.Settings >   
 </ applicationSettings >   
 </ configuration >

最后，我们写一下客户端页面如下：

<% @ Page Language = " C\# "  AutoEventWireup = " true "  CodeBehind = " testCustomer.aspx.cs "  Inherits = " BlogNet.WebService.testCustomer "  %>   
  
 <! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >   
  
 < html  xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"  >   
 < head  runat ="server" >   
 < title > ASP.NET - 建立WebService </ title >   
 </ head >   
 < body >   
 < form  id ="form1"  runat ="server" >   
 < div >   
  
 < asp:GridView  ID ="GridView1"   
runat ="server"   
AutoGenerateColumns ="False"   
AllowPaging ="True"   
AllowSorting ="True"   
PageSize ="20"   
OnPageIndexChanging ="GridView1\_PageIndexChanging" >   
 < Columns >   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="CustomerID"  HeaderText ="CustomerID"  ReadOnly ="True"   
SortExpression ="CustomerID"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="CompanyName"  HeaderText ="CompanyName"   
SortExpression ="CompanyName"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="ContactName"  HeaderText ="ContactName"   
SortExpression ="ContactName"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="ContactTitle"  HeaderText ="ContactTitle"   
SortExpression ="ContactTitle"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="Address"  HeaderText ="Address"   
SortExpression ="Address"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="City"  HeaderText ="City"  SortExpression ="City"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="Region"  HeaderText ="Region"   
SortExpression ="Region"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="PostalCode"  HeaderText ="PostalCode"   
SortExpression ="PostalCode"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="Country"  HeaderText ="Country"   
SortExpression ="Country"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="Phone"  HeaderText ="Phone"  SortExpression ="Phone"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 < asp:BoundField  DataField ="Fax"  HeaderText ="Fax"  SortExpression ="Fax"  NullDisplayText ="N/A"  />   
 </ Columns >   
 </ asp:GridView >   
  
 </ div >   
 </ form >   
 </ body >   
 </ html >

CS代码如下：

![ContractedBlock.gif][] ![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][] Code   
using System;  
using System.Collections;  
using System.ComponentModel;  
using System.Data;  
using System.Linq;  
using System.Web;  
using System.Web.Services;  
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;  
using System.Xml.Linq;  
  
using System.Data.SqlClient;  
  
namespace BlogNet.WebService  
\{  
\[WebService(Namespace ="http://www.cnblogs.com/davidgu/customers")\]  
\[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1\_1)\]  
\[ToolboxItem(false)\]  
// To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line.  
// \[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService\]  
publicclass Customers : System.Web.Services.WebService  
\{  
  
\[WebMethod\]  
public DataSet GetCustomers()  
\{  
SqlConnection conn;  
SqlDataAdapter myDataAdapter;  
DataSet myDataSet;  
string cmdString ="Select \* From Customers";  
  
conn =new SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Integrated Security=True");  
myDataAdapter =new SqlDataAdapter(cmdString, conn);  
  
myDataSet =new DataSet();  
myDataAdapter.Fill(myDataSet, "Customers");  
  
return myDataSet;  
\}  
\}  
\}

运行下程序，网页上便会以分页形式把Customers表的数据全部以GridView列出来了。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/davidgu/archive/2009/08/04/1538832.html

[Web services in this solution]: http://www.cnblogs.com/davidgu/admin/webref:browsesolution
[dot.gif]: /images/20211223/7b959fca27ec4efa919eda80df5e926e.png
[ContractedBlock.gif]: https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif
[ExpandedBlockStart.gif]: /images/20211223/24922aeb0abb47ca807b4bc03e34a8e2.png