ssm项目笔记(十一) 权限管理框架Spring Security

悠悠 2021-12-24 05:17 246阅读 0赞

## Spring Security框架 ##

> 简介：
> 
> Spring Security是 Spring提供的安全认证服务的框架。 使用Spring Security可以帮助我们来简化认证和授权的过程。官网：[https://spring.io/projects/spring-security][https_spring.io_projects_spring-security]

### 框架原理 ###

>  众所周知 想要对对Web资源进行保护，最好的办法莫过于Filter，要想对方法调用进行保护，最好的办法莫过于AOP。所以springSecurity在我们进行用户认证以及授予权限的时候，通过各种各样的拦截器来控制权限的访问，从而实现安全。

### 框架使用到主要的过滤器 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwOTc2NzYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 框架的核心组件 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwOTc2NzYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### 对的maven坐标 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwOTc2NzYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

> 常用的权限框架除了Spring Security，还有Apache的shiro框架。

### 执行的流程图 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwOTc2NzYx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

### Spring Security入门案例 ###

### 1.1工程搭建导入相关依赖 ###

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
              xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
              xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
                                 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
      <artifactId>springsecuritydemo</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
    
      <name>springsecuritydemo Maven Webapp</name>
      <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
          <artifactId>health_interface</artifactId>
          <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
              
              <port>85</port>
              
              <path>/</path>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>

### 1.2配置web.xml ###

> 在web.xml中主要配置SpringMVC的DispatcherServlet和用于整合第三方框架的DelegatingFilterProxy，用于整合Spring Security。

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
     "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
     "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      <filter>
        
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    
    </web-app>

### 配置相关讲解： ###

>

### 1.3配置spring-security.xml ###

> 在spring-security.xml中主要配置Spring Security的拦截规则和认证管理器。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    						http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
    						http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
    						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
    
        
        <security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="true">
            
            <security:intercept-url pattern="/**"  access="hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')" />
        </security:http>
    
        
        <security:authentication-manager>
            
            <security:authentication-provider>
                
                <security:user-service>
                    
                    <security:user name="admin" password="{noop}admin" authorities="ROLE_ADMIN">
                  	</security:user>
                </security:user-service>
            </security:authentication-provider>
        </security:authentication-manager>
    </beans>

### 配置相关的讲解 ###

> ### auto-config: ###
> 
> ![20190626205540141.png][]
> 
> ### use-expressions: ###
> 
> 使用表达式，springEL,用于指定intercept-url中的access属性是否使用表达式
> 
> ![20190626205916655.png][]
> 
> ### intercept-url: ###
> 
> 定义一个拦截规则
> 
> ### pattern: ###
> 
> 对那些Url进行权限控制

[https_spring.io_projects_spring-security]: https://spring.io/projects/spring-security
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[20190626205540141.png]: /images/20211223/99760db5d4b14e72bebf8d2f5eb8232f.png
[20190626205916655.png]: /images/20211223/f2a480300530435dbc8bbf341892b84d.png