iOS - 系统权限(关键时刻很有用的)

亦凉 2021-12-22 00:37 261阅读 0赞

**iOS开发中权限问题：**

*  APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；
 *  那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。
 *  上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。这一点感悟正是源于上一周工作遇到的问题：适配iOS10，如何获取应用联网权限用以管理系统对话框的显示管理。当我把这个问题解决后，感觉有必要将常用的iOS系统权限做一个总结，以便后用。

#### 权限分类 ####

*  联网权限
 *  相册权限
 *  相机、麦克风权限
 *  定位权限
 *  推送权限
 *  通讯录权限
 *  日历、备忘录权限

####  ####

#### 联网权限 ####

1.  引入头文件 **@import CoreTelephony;**
2.  检查应用是否有联网功能
    
        CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
        CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;
         switch (state) {
          case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricrted");
              break;
          case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
              break;
          case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
              NSLog(@"Unknown");
              break;
          default:
              break;
        }
3.  应用启动后，获取应用中是否有联网权限
    
        CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
        cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier =  ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){
          //获取联网状态
          switch (state) {
              case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
                  NSLog(@"Restricrted");
                  break;
              case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
                  NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
                  break;
              case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
                  NSLog(@"Unknown");
                  break;
              default:
                  break;
          };
        };

#### 相册权限--iOS 9.0之前 ####

1.  导入头文件**@import AssetsLibrary;**
2.  检查是否有相册权限
    
        ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
        switch (status) {
          case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
              break;
          case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied");
              break;
          case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
        
          default:
              break;
        }

#### 相册权限--iOS 8.0之后 ####

1.  导入头文件**@import Photos;**
2.  检查是否有相册权限
    
        PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
        switch (photoAuthorStatus) {
          case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
              break;
          case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied");
              break;
          case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
          default:
              break;
        };
3.  获取相册权限
    
        [PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
          if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
          }else{
              NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
          }
          }];

#### 相机和麦克风权限 ####

1.  导入头文件**@import AVFoundation;**
2.  检查是否有相机或麦克风权限
    
        AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限
        AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限
        
        switch (AVstatus) {
          case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
              break;
          case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied");
              break;
          case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
          default:
              break;
        }
3.  获取相机或麦克风权限
    
        [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
              //相机权限
          if (granted) {
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
          }else{
              NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
          }
        }];
        
        [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
              //麦克风权限
          if (granted) {
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
          }else{
              NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
          }
        }];

#### 定位权限 ####

1.  导入头文件**@import CoreLocation;**
2.  由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；
3.  ![738923-20161025144224421-1406361233.png][]
4.  检查是否有定位权限
    
        BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];
        if (!isLocation) {
          NSLog(@"not turn on the location");
        }
        CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
        switch (CLstatus) {
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
              NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
              NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
          default:
              break;
        }
5.  获取定位权限
    
        CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
        [manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直获取定位信息
        [manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的时候获取定位信息
6.  在代理方法中查看权限是否改变
    
        - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{
         switch (status) {
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
              NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
              NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
          default:
              break;
          }
        
        }

#### 推送权限 ####

1.  检查是否有通讯权限
    
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
        switch (settings.types) {
          case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:
              NSLog(@"None");
              break;
          case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:
              NSLog(@"Alert Notification");
              break;
          case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:
              NSLog(@"Badge Notification");
              break;
          case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:
              NSLog(@"sound Notification'");
              break;
        
          default:
              break;
        }
2.  获取推送权限
    
        UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];

#### 通讯录权限 ####

##### iOS9.0之前 #####

1.  导入头文件 **@import AddressBook;**
2.  检查是否有通讯录权限
    
        ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
        switch (ABstatus) {
          case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
              break;
          case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied'");
              break;
          case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
          default:
              break;
        }
3.  获取通讯录权限
    
        ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
        ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
          if (granted) {
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
              CFRelease(addressBook);
          }else{
              NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
          }
        });

##### iOS9.0及以后 #####

1.  导入头文件 **@import Contacts;**
2.  检查是否有通讯录权限
    
        CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
          switch (status) {
                case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
                {
                    NSLog(@"Authorized:");
                }
                    break;
                case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{
                    NSLog(@"Denied");
                }
                    break;
                case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{
                    NSLog(@"Restricted");
                }
                    break;
                case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
                     NSLog(@"NotDetermined");
                }
                    break;
        
               }
3.  获取通讯录权限
    
        CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
            [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                if (granted) {
        
                   NSLog(@"Authorized");
        
                }else{
        
                   NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
                }
            }];

#### 日历、备忘录权限 ####

1.  导入头文件
2.  检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限
3.      typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {
          EKEntityTypeEvent,//日历
          EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘
         };
4.      EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore  authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];
        switch (EKstatus) {
          case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
              break;
          case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:
              NSLog(@"Denied'");
              break;
          case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
              NSLog(@"not Determined");
              break;
          case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
              NSLog(@"Restricted");
              break;
          default:
              break;
        }
5.  获取日历或备忘录权限
    
        EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
        [store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
          if (granted) {
              NSLog(@"Authorized");
          }else{
              NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
          }
        }];

#### 最后一点 ####

*  素有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：
    
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];

还有蓝牙...等

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/junhuawang/p/5996699.html

[738923-20161025144224421-1406361233.png]: /images/20211220/fbc9be16fd3b4992a1f65ff9d49e87fd.png