spring-cloud学习之Eureka注册中心

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2021-12-17 00:11 268阅读 0赞

# spring-cloud学习之Eureka注册中心 #

### 文章目录 ###

*  spring-cloud学习之Eureka注册中心
 *   *   *  1 springcloud和dubbo的区别
         *  2 Eureka-server注册中心搭建
         *   *  2.1 介绍
             *  2.2 pom介绍
             *  2.3 配置启动类
             *  2.4 配置yaml文件
             *  2.5 测试
         *  3 服务提供者Eureka-client的搭建
         *   *  3.1 pom
             *  3.2 启动类配置
             *  3.3 yaml
             *  3.4 测试
         *  4 eureka-server添加安全认证-登入
         *   *  4.1 pom
             *  4.2 yaml
             *  4.3 遇到的坑
             *  4.4 eureka-client需要修改yaml
             *  4.5 测试
         *  5 源码

### 1 springcloud和dubbo的区别 ###

1 传输协议

dubbo由于是二进制的传输，占用带宽会更少

springCloud是http协议传输，带宽会比较多，同时使用http协议一般会使用JSON报文，消耗会更大

2 开发特性

dubbo的开发难度较大，原因是dubbo的jar包依赖问题很多大型工程无法解决

springcloud的接口协议约定比较自由且松散，需要有强有力的行政措施来限制接口无序升级

3 注册中心

dubbo的注册中心可以选择zk,redis等多种，springcloud的注册中心主要是使用Eureka或者自研

### 2 Eureka-server注册中心搭建 ###

#### 2.1 介绍 ####

Eureka是Netflix开源的服务发现组件，本身是一个基于rest的服务。他包含server和Client两个部分。SpringCloud将它集成在子项目SpringCloudNetflix中,从而实现微服务的注册和发现

#### 2.2 pom介绍 ####

在这里使用的版本是 springboot 2.1.6和springcloud 使用的是Greenwich.SR1  
核心pom

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>

整体pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>eureka</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>eureka</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>

#### 2.3 配置启动类 ####

使用eureka非常简单是需要在启动类上加上一个注解  
@EnableEurekaServer 标明这个服务是一个eureka服务就可以了  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

#### 2.4 配置yaml文件 ####

spring:
      application:
        name: eureka-server
    server:
      port: 8761
    eureka:
      client:
        fetch-registry: false       # 关闭自身服务注册到eureka
        register-with-eureka: false # 关闭自身服务注册到eureka
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/  #设置与eureka交互的地址

#### 2.5 测试 ####

启动服务  
输入 [http://localhost:8761][http_localhost_8761]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
到目前为止eureka搭建完成

### 3 服务提供者Eureka-client的搭建 ###

#### 3.1 pom ####

核心pom

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    		</dependency>

整体pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath/> 
    	</parent>
    	<groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
    	<artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<name>provider</name>
    	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
    	<properties>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<dependencyManagement>
    		<dependencies>
    			<dependency>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    				<type>pom</type>
    				<scope>import</scope>
    			</dependency>
    		</dependencies>
    	</dependencyManagement>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    
    </project>

#### 3.2 启动类配置 ####

这里需要使用到一个注解 @EnableEurekaClient  
标明这个服务是eureka-client 让eureka扫描到

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

#### 3.3 yaml ####

spring:
      application:
        name: eureka-client
    server:
      port: 9002
    eureka:
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ #配置eureka服务地址

#### 3.4 测试 ####

在eureka控制页面可以看到  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
表示已经注册上了

### 4 eureka-server添加安全认证-登入 ###

如果项目需要为eureka-server添加安全认证 这里使用的是spring的security  
只需要改造 eureka-server项目添加

#### 4.1 pom ####

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            </dependency>

#### 4.2 yaml ####

spring:
      application:
        name: eureka-server
      security:  # 安全拦截
        user:
          name: root       # 登入账号
          password: root   # 登入密码
    server:
      port: 8761
    eureka:
      client:
        fetch-registry: false       # 关闭自身服务注册到eureka
        register-with-eureka: false # 关闭自身服务注册到eureka
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://root:root@localhost:8761/eureka/  #设置与eureka交互的地址

需要注意的是 如果添加了安全认证 那么 交互地址需要改造  
[http://user:password@localhost:8761/eureka/][http_user_password_localhost_8761_eureka]

#### 4.3 遇到的坑 ####

需要注意的是如果使用springboot 2.0以上的朋友这里安全认证的时候有个坑  
spring官网提供的文档并没有提及到security在新版本中添加了csrf过滤,csrf将微服务的注册也给过滤了

package com.cloud.eureka;
    
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    
    @EnableWebSecurity
    @Configuration
    public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http.csrf().disable(); // 关闭csrf
            http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated().and().httpBasic(); // 开启认证
        }
    }

#### 4.4 eureka-client需要修改yaml ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

#### 4.5 测试 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

登入后

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

### 5 源码 ###

github : [https://github.com/imqw/spring-cloud][https_github.com_imqw_spring-cloud]

参考文档 :  
[https://blog.csdn.net/u010664947/article/details/80007767][https_blog.csdn.net_u010664947_article_details_80007767]  
[https://blog.csdn.net/lovexiaotaozi/article/details/82662109][https_blog.csdn.net_lovexiaotaozi_article_details_82662109]

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[http_localhost_8761]: http://localhost:8761
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211214/dbf1094f4ede4af7a18b4d7659072509.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211214/d24fb8dac8d64cda9e835216379bda86.png
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[http_user_password_localhost_8761_eureka]: http://user:password@localhost:8761/eureka/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20211214/677ea7dce367479ebbf44dc1942a3977.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMTAyODk0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20211214/f4682e771a93475a949bd39bec4247e0.png
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[https_github.com_imqw_spring-cloud]: https://github.com/imqw/spring-cloud
[https_blog.csdn.net_u010664947_article_details_80007767]: https://blog.csdn.net/u010664947/article/details/80007767
[https_blog.csdn.net_lovexiaotaozi_article_details_82662109]: https://blog.csdn.net/lovexiaotaozi/article/details/82662109