Python入门之元祖tuple详细讲解

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2021-12-14 21:11 460阅读 0赞

一、元组的创建

  1. 元组（tuple）：不可变数据类型 ，元组内可以存储任意数据类型

    t = (1,2.3,True,’westos’) #整型、浮点型、布尔型、字符型
    print(t)
    print(type(t))

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  1. 元组中可以嵌套列表

    t1 = ([1,2,3],4)
    print(t1)
    t1[0].append(4) ##元祖不可变，但其中list元素可变
    print(t1)

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  1. t2 = ('westos')     #字符串类型
  2. print(type(t2))
  3. t2 = ('westos',)     #元组类型
  4. print(type(t2))

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二、元组的特性

  1. 索引 切片

    users = (‘root’,’westos’,’redhat’)
    print(users[0])
    print(users[-1])
    print(users[1:])
    print(users[::-1])

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2.重复

  1. users = ('root','westos','redhat')
  2. print(users)
  3. print(users * 3)

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3.连接

  1. users = ('root','westos','redhat')
  2. passwds = ('123','456','789')
  3. print(users + passwds)
  4. print(passwds + ('000','111'))

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4.成员操作符

  1. users = ('root','westos','redhat')
  2. print('redhat' in users)
  3. print('redhat' not in users)

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5.迭代

  1. users = ('root','westos','redhat')
  2. for user in users:
  3.     print(user)

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6.枚举

  1. users = ('root','westos','redhat')
  2. for index,user in enumerate(users):
  3.     print('第%d个用户：%s' %(index+1,user))

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7.zip压缩

  1. users = ('root','westos','redhat')
  2. passwds = ('123','456','789')
  3. for user,passwd in zip(users,passwds):
  4.     print(user,':',passwd)

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三、元组的常用方法

  1. 1.计数
  2. t =(1,2.3,True,'westos','westos')
  3. print(t.count('westos'))
  5. 2. 通过元组项求索引值
  6. t =(1,2.3,True,'westos','westos')
  7. print(t.index(1))
  8. print(t.index(2.3))

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四 元祖的应用场景

1.sort

  1. scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
  2. scores.sort()         #元组不能直接进行排序
  3. print(scores)

20190704095558616.png 

  1. scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
  2. scoresli = list(scores)     #将元组转化为列表
  3. scoresli.sort()             #对列表进行排序
  4. print(scoresli)

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2.sorted

  1. scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
  2. scores = sorted(scores)
  3. print(scores)

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3.元组应用

  1. scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
  2. minscore,*middlescore,maxscore = scores     #其中，*表示多个元素
  3. print(minscore)
  4. print(middlescore)
  5. print(maxscore)
  6. print('最终成绩为：%.2f' %(sum(middlescore)/len(middlescore)))

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