SpringData JPA提供的五个接口及其简单实现

男娘i 2021-12-07 09:43 239阅读 0赞

1.Repository接口  
用户定义的dao接口继承Repository接口后即可根据方法命名规则或@Query查询对数据库进行操作  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
UsersDao.java

package per.czt.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
    import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
    
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    public interface UsersDao extends Repository<Users, Integer> {
    
    	//方法名称命名规则
    	List<Users> findByUsernameIs(String username);
    
    	List<Users> findByUsernameLike(String username);
    	
    	List<Users> findByUsernameAndUserageGreaterThanEqual(String username,Integer userage);
    	//使用@Query注解查询，类似hql查询
    	@Query(value="from Users where username=?")
    	List<Users> queryUserByNameJPQL(String username);
    	@Query(value="from Users where username like ?")
    	List<Users> queryUsernameLikeJPQL(String username);
    	@Query(value="from Users where username=? and userage>=?")
    	List<Users> queryByUsernameAndUserageGreaterThanEqual(String username,Integer userage);
    	
    	//使用@Query进行SQL查询,要写nativeQuery=true
    	@Query(value="select * from t_users where user_name=?",nativeQuery=true)
    	List<Users> queryUserByUsernameUseSQL(String username);
    	@Query(value="select * from t_users where user_name like ?",nativeQuery=true)
    	List<Users> queryUsernameLikeUseSQL(String username);
    	
    	@Query(value="select * from t_users where user_name=? and user_age>=?",nativeQuery=true)
    	List<Users> queryByUsernameAndUserageGreaterThanEqualUseSQL(String username,Integer userage);
    	
    	//使用@Query进行更新
    	@Query(value="update Users set userage=? where userid=?")
    	@Modifying//要写@Modifying
    	void updateUsersByUserage(Integer userage,Integer userid);
    }

RepositoryTest.java

package per.czt.test;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import per.czt.dao.UsersDao;
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class RepositoryTest {
    	@Autowired
    	private UsersDao usersDao;
    	
    	/*
    	 * 判断相等
    	 * 1.什么都不写
    	 * 2.Is
    	 * 3.Equal
    	 * 
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test1() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findByUsernameIs("李四");
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 对姓名做Like处理
    	 * 
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test2() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findByUsernameLike("李四%");
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 查询姓名为李四并且年龄大于等于28
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test3() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findByUsernameAndUserageGreaterThanEqual("李四", 28);
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test4() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.queryUserByNameJPQL("李四");
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	@Test
    	public void test5() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.queryUsernameLikeJPQL("李%");
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test6() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.queryByUsernameAndUserageGreaterThanEqual("李四", 20);
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test7() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.queryUserByUsernameUseSQL("张三");
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test8() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.queryUsernameLikeUseSQL("%三");
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test9() {
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.queryByUsernameAndUserageGreaterThanEqualUseSQL("张三", 1);
    		for(Users users:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(users.toString());
    		}
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	@Transactional
    	@Rollback(false)
    	//更新操作要进行事务提交
    	public void test10() {
    		usersDao.updateUsersByUserage(11, 4);
    	}
    	
    	
    
    }

2.CrudRepostory接口  
对于简单的查询(根据主键查询，查询所有)，还有插入、更新、删除操作用户无需自己定义，只需继承CrudRepostory接口即可调用相应的方法  
UsersDao.java

package per.czt.dao;
    
    
    import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
    
    
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    public interface UsersDao extends CrudRepository<Users, Integer> {
    }

CrudRepositoryTest.java

package per.czt.test;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import per.czt.dao.UsersDao;
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class CrudRepositoryTest {
    	@Autowired
    	private UsersDao usersDao;
    	@Test
    	public void test() {
    		
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 添加
    	 */
    	 	//CrudRepository接口的save自己实现了事务
    	@Test
    	public void test1() {
    		Users user=new Users();
    		user.setUserage(12);
    		user.setUsername("李明");
    		usersDao.save(user);
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 批量添加
    	 */
    	@Test
    	//CrudRepository接口的save自己实现了事务
    	public void test2() {
    		Users user1=new Users();
    		user1.setUserage(15);
    		user1.setUsername("赵晓丽");
    		
    		Users user2=new Users();
    		user2.setUserage(19);
    		user2.setUsername("王小虎");
    		
    		Users user3=new Users();
    		user3.setUserage(19);
    		user3.setUsername("宋晓路");
    		
    		List<Users> usersList=new ArrayList<Users>();
    		usersList.add(user1);
    		usersList.add(user2);
    		usersList.add(user3);
    		
    		usersDao.save(usersList);
    		
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 删除
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test6() {
    		this.usersDao.delete(10);
    		
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 根据主键查询
    	 */
    
    	@Test
    	public void test4() {
    		Users user=usersDao.findOne(15);
    		System.out.println(user);
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 查询所有
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test5() {
    		List<Users> usersList=(List<Users>) usersDao.findAll();
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    	}
    	
    	
    	/*
    	 * 更新-1
    	 */
    	@Test
    	//CrudRepository接口的save自己实现了事务
    	public void test7() {
    		Users user=usersDao.findOne(14);
    		user.setUsername("姜理");
    		user.setUserage(10);
    		usersDao.save(user);
    	}
    
    	/*
    	 * 更新-2
    	 */
    	@Test
    	@Transactional
    	@Rollback(false)
    	public void test8() {
    		
    		Users user=usersDao.findOne(6);
    		//此时对象处于持久态
    		
    		user.setUsername("张三丰");
    		
    	}
    }

3.PageAndSortingRepository接口  
该接口提供了分页和排序的操作，和CrudRepository一样，只需继承该接口，就可以调用相应的方法  
UsersDao.java

package per.czt.dao;
    
    
    
    import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
    
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    public interface UsersDao extends PagingAndSortingRepository<Users, Integer> {
    }

PageAndSortingRepositoryTest.java

package per.czt.test;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Direction;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Order;
    import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    
    import per.czt.dao.UsersDao;
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class PageAndSortingRepositoryTest {
    	@Autowired
    	private UsersDao usersDao;
    	/*
    	 * 分页
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test() {
    		int page=1;
    		int size=3;
    		Pageable pageable=new PageRequest(page,size);
    		Page<Users> pages=this.usersDao.findAll(pageable);
    		System.out.println("所有记录的数目:"+pages.getTotalElements());
    		System.out.println("当前页的数目:"+pages.getSize());
    		System.out.println("页的数目:"+pages.getTotalPages());
    		List<Users> usersList=pages.getContent();
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 排序
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test2() {
    		//Sort:该对象封装了排序规则以及制定的排序字段(对象的属性来表示)
    		//direction：排序规则
    		//properties:指定做排序的属性
    		
    		Sort sort=new Sort(Direction.DESC,"userid");
    		
    		List<Users> usersList=(List<Users>) this.usersDao.findAll(sort);
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 多个排序规则的排序
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test3() {
    		Order order1=new Order(Direction.DESC,"username");
    		Order order2=new Order(Direction.DESC,"userage");
    		Sort sort=new Sort(order1,order2);
    		List<Users> usersList=(List<Users>) this.usersDao.findAll(sort);
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    		
    		
    	}
    	
    	
    }

4.JpaRepository接口  
该接口对前面接口的返回值进行了适配处理，比如继承该接口后调用findAll方法直接返回List<实体>

UsersDao.java

package per.czt.dao;
    
    
    
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
    
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    public interface UsersDao extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer> {
    }

JpaRepositoryTest.java

5.JpaSpecificationExecutor接口  
该接口提供了多条件查询的方法，不单独使用，配合其他接口一起使用  
UsersDao.java

package per.czt.dao;
    
    
    
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
    import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
    
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    public interface UsersDao extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<Users> {
    }

JpaSpecificationExectorTest.java

package per.czt.test;
    
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.Predicate;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Direction;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Order;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;
    
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    
    
    import per.czt.dao.UsersDao;
    import per.czt.pojo.Users;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class JpaSpecificationExectorTest {
    	@Autowired
    	private UsersDao usersDao;
    	/*
    	 * 单条件
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test() {
    		Specification<Users> spec=new Specification<Users>() {
    			/*
    			 * 
    			 * (non-Javadoc)
    			 * @see org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification#toPredicate(javax.persistence.criteria.Root, javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery, javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder)
    			 *Predicate:定义了查询条件
    			 *root:封装了查询条件的对象
    			 * CriteriaQuery<?>:定义了基本的查询功能，一般不使用
    			 * CriteriaBuilder :创建一个查询条件
    			 */
    
    			@Override
    			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
    				Predicate cate=cb.equal(root.get("username"), "李四");
    				
    				return cate;
    			}
    		};
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findAll(spec);
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    		
    	}
        /*
         * 多条件-1
         */
    	@Test
    	public void test2() {
    		Specification<Users> spec=new Specification<Users>() {
    
    			@Override
    			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> arg1, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
    				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    				List<Predicate> predicateList=new ArrayList<Predicate>();
    				predicateList.add(cb.equal(root.get("username"), "李四"));
    				predicateList.add(cb.equal(root.get("userage"),28));
    			
    				//return cb.and(predicateList.get(0),predicateList.get(1));
    				Predicate []arr=new Predicate[predicateList.size()];
    				return cb.and(predicateList.toArray(arr));
    			}
    		};
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findAll(spec);
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 多条件-2
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test3() {
    		Specification<Users> spec=new Specification<Users>() {
    			
    			@Override
    			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
    				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    				return cb.or(cb.equal(root.get("username"), "李四"),cb.equal(root.get("userage"), 15));
    			}
    		};
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findAll(spec);
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 分页
    	 */
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test4() {
           Specification<Users> spec=new Specification<Users>() {
    			
    			@Override
    			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
    				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    				return cb.like(root.get("username").as(String.class), "王%");
    			}
    		};
    		Pageable pageable=new PageRequest(0,2);
    		Page<Users> pages= usersDao.findAll(spec,pageable);
    		List<Users> usersList=pages.getContent();
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    		
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 排序
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test5() {
    		Specification<Users> spec=new Specification<Users>() {
    
    			@Override
    			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> arg1, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
    				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    				return cb.like(root.get("username").as(String.class), "李%");
    			}
    		};
    		Order order1=new Order(Direction.ASC,"username");
    		Order order=new Order(Direction.DESC,"userage");
    		
    		Sort sort=new Sort(order1,order);
    		
    		List<Users> usersList=usersDao.findAll(spec, sort);
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    	}
    	/*
    	 * 分页+排序
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void test6() {
    		
    		Specification<Users> spec=new Specification<Users>() {
    
    			@Override
    			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> arg1, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
    				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    				return cb.like(root.get("username").as(String.class), "李%");
    			}
    		};
    		Sort sort=new Sort(new Order(Direction.ASC,"username"),new Order(Direction.DESC,"userage"));
    		
    		Pageable pageable=new PageRequest(1, 2, sort);
    		Page<Users> pages=usersDao.findAll(spec, pageable);
    		List<Users> usersList=pages.getContent();
    		for(Users user:usersList) {
    			System.out.println(user);
    		}
    		
    	}
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211207/39770d644fc84b82859bc99c441ede04.png