SpringBoot从入门到精通教程（十三）- 全局唯一ID/分布式ID解决方案

末蓝、 2021-12-04 02:57 582阅读 0赞

# 需求背景 #

> 分布式ID解决方案
> 
> 1. Springboot集成，使用全局唯一ID（基于Snowflake算法）

# 准备内容 #

1. 确保本机上已安装好Zookeeper了（[安装教程][Link 1]）

> 通过ZK注册中心（不能使用集群版ZK），项目结合使用，在项目启动时，给每个项目分配一个唯一且全局的ID身份标识值

[2. 引入ID服务组件包][2. _ID]

# 代码演示 #

项目目录结构：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9oZW1pbi5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**1. application.yml文件**

server:
      port: 9090
    leaf: 
       zk:
          list: localhost:3181

注意：我把zk的默认端口2181，改成了3181

**2. leaf.properties文件**

可以不同应用分组，定义不同的leaf.name，比如default1（某应用组合1），default2（某应用组合2）

leaf.name=default

**3. pom.xml文件**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>com.md</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot2-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    		<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
    	</parent>
    
    	<artifactId>spring-boot2-distributed-id</artifactId>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    	<name>spring-boot2-distributed-id</name>
    	<description>Spring Boot, MVC, Rest API for App</description>
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
    			<artifactId>json-lib-ext-spring</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.md</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot2-distributed-id-core-leafid</artifactId>
    			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    	
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    
    </project>

**4. MyApplicationPreparedEvent.java文件**

在项目启动时，把本项目（IP+端口）注册到ZK，获得应用唯一ID身份标识值

package com.md.demo.begin;
    
    import java.net.InetAddress;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationPreparedEvent;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
    import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
    
    import com.md.core.leafid.MdIdsGen;
    
    /**
     * 监听器：项目初始化时调用类
     * 
     * ApplicationPreparedEvent：spring boot上下文context创建完成，但此时spring中的bean是没有完全加载完成的。
     * 
     * @author Minbo
     */
    public class MyApplicationPreparedEvent implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationPreparedEvent> {
    
    	private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyApplicationPreparedEvent.class);
    
    	@Override
    	public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationPreparedEvent event) {
    		try {
    			ConfigurableEnvironment environment = event.getApplicationContext().getEnvironment();
    			logger.info("项目启动前，执行操作：");
    			
    			// 1. 初始化分布式id生成器（利用本机IP和端口生成）
    			logger.info("1. 初始化分布式id生成器（利用本机IP和端口生成）：");
    			String ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
    			String port = environment.getProperty("server.port");
    			String zkAddress = environment.getProperty("leaf.zk.list");
    			MdIdsGen.init(zkAddress, ip, port);
    
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			logger.error("初始化分布式id生成器，异常：" + e.getMessage(), e);
    			System.exit(0);
    		}
    	}
    }

这样集成后，就可以在代码中，直接通过代码：MdIdsGen.getId()，来获得ID值了（Long型）

**5. 获得ID案例：代码演示**

InitRest.java代码

package com.md.demo.rest;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import com.md.core.leafid.MdIdsGen;
    import com.md.demo.util.JsonResult;
    import com.md.demo.util.ResultCode;
    
    /**
     * @author Minbo
     */
    @RestController
    public class InitRest {
    
    	protected static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(InitRest.class);
    
    	/**
    	 * http://localhost:9090/hello
    	 * 
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@GetMapping("/hello")
    	public String hello() {
    		return "Hello greetings from spring-boot2-distributed-id";
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * http://localhost:9090/getNewId
    	 * 
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@GetMapping("/getNewId")
    	public JsonResult getNewId() {
    		Long id = MdIdsGen.getId();
    		return new JsonResult(ResultCode.SUCCESS, id);
    	}
    }

操作结果：

[http://localhost:9090/getNewId][http_localhost_9090_getNewId]

# ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9oZW1pbi5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][] #

# 完整源码下载 #

我的[Github源码地址：][Github]

[https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-boot-study/tree/master/spring-boot2-study/spring-boot2-parent/spring-boot2-distributed-id][https_github.com_hemin1003_spring-boot-study_tree_master_spring-boot2-study_spring-boot2-parent_spring-boot2-distributed-id]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9oZW1pbi5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

# 附加资料 #

[开源分布式ID生成服务][ID]

# 下一章教程 #

[SpringBoot从入门到精通教程（十四）- Druid连接池集成][SpringBoot_- Druid]

# 该系列教程 #

[SpringBoot从入门到精通教程][SpringBoot]

至此，全部介绍就结束了

\------------------------------------------------------

[关于我][Link 2]（个人域名）

[我的开源项目集Github][Github 1]

期望和大家***一起学习，一起成长***，共勉，O(∩\_∩)O谢谢

欢迎交流问题，可加个人QQ 469580884，

或者，加我的群号 **751925591**，一起探讨交流问题

不讲虚的，只做实干家

Talk is cheap，show me the code

![20180411181545874][]

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/64437977
[2. _ID]: https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-boot-study/tree/master/spring-boot2-study/spring-boot2-parent/spring-boot2-distributed-id-core-leafid
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9oZW1pbi5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211203/21a410009959482d9c7e8a04e4822806.png
[http_localhost_9090_getNewId]: http://localhost:9090/getNewId
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9oZW1pbi5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211203/fc84e4a6420247eaa9b2282f2a8b37de.png
[Github]: https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-boot-study/tree/master/spring-boot2-study/spring-boot2-parent
[https_github.com_hemin1003_spring-boot-study_tree_master_spring-boot2-study_spring-boot2-parent_spring-boot2-distributed-id]: https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-boot-study/tree/master/spring-boot2-study/spring-boot2-parent/spring-boot2-distributed-id
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9oZW1pbi5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211203/5b3794625fab48c0baed8c68f084aaf1.png
[ID]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/89133535
[SpringBoot_- Druid]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/99637453
[SpringBoot]: https://hemin.blog.csdn.net/column/info/40170
[Link 2]: http://heminit.com/about/
[Github 1]: https://github.com/hemin1003
[20180411181545874]: /images/20211203/1b1fb440269a40da8ad87b9aa30f92a8.png