python爬虫——携程集成化操作

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2021-11-27 00:14 442阅读 0赞

**经过前面两篇文章，已经准备的差不多了**  
爬取携程机票信息：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_42109012/article/details/96423081  
获取携程城市缩写：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_42109012/article/details/96378400  
现在我们就需要把我们复制请求载荷，改变为设置请求载荷。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## 1、请求载荷分析 ##

flightway 是航班方式，不太好改，我就没有深入研究  
airportParams 是航班请求关键，我们只想输入起点、终点、时间。  
所以我们需要把城市的名称、缩写、编号关联起来。

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

## 2、从数据库中取出信息 ##

这个就很简单了，没什么难度，取出来的是 list 格式

def select(sql):
        db = pymysql.connect(
            host="localhost",
            port=3308,
            user="root",
            password="123456",
            database="携程"
        )
        cur = db.cursor()
        try:
            # 执行sql语句
            cur.execute(sql)
            results = cur.fetchall()
            # 返回结果
            return results
        except Exception as e:
            raise e
        finally:
            db.close()
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        sql = "select * from city where CN='绵阳'"
        print(select(sql))
        print(select(sql)[0])
        print(select(sql)[0][0])

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 3、修改请求载荷 ##

dcityname = input("请输入出发地：")
    acityname = input("请输入目的地：")
    date = input("请输入时间（格式：2008-08-08）：")
    sql1 = "select * from t_city where CN='%s'" % dcityname
    sql2 = "select * from t_city where CN='%s'" % acityname
    dcity = mysql.mysql_select(sql1)[0][2]
    dcityid = mysql.mysql_select(sql1)[0][3]
    acity = mysql.mysql_select(sql2)[0][2]
    acityid = mysql.mysql_select(sql2)[0][3]
    print(dcity, dcityname, dcityid, acity, acityname, acityid)
    
    url = "https://flights.ctrip.com/itinerary/api/12808/products"
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/68.0",
        "Referer": "https://flights.ctrip.com/itinerary/oneway/{}-{}?date={}".format(dcity, acity, date),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
    }
    request_payload = {
        "flightWay": "Oneway",
        "classType": "ALL",
        "hasChild": False,
        "hasBaby": False,
        "searchIndex": 1,
        "airportParams": [
            {"dcity": dcity, "acity": acity, "dcityname": dcityname, "acityname": acityname, "date": date, "dcityid": dcityid, "acityid": acityid}
            # {"dcity": "SHA", "acity": "BJS", "dcityname": "上海", "acityname": "北京", "date": "2019-07-23", "dcityid": 2, "acityid": 1}
        ],
    }

## 整体代码 ##

import requests
    import json
    import pymysql
    
    
    def select(sql):
        db = pymysql.connect(
            host="localhost",
            port=3308,
            user="root",
            password="123456",
            database="携程"
        )
        cur = db.cursor()
        try:
            # 执行sql语句
            cur.execute(sql)
            results = cur.fetchall()
            # 返回结果
            return results
        except Exception as e:
            raise e
        finally:
            db.close()
    
    
    def FlightInfo():
        dcityname = input("请输入出发地：")
        acityname = input("请输入目的地：")
        date = input("请输入时间（格式：2008-08-08）：")
        sql1 = "select * from t_city where CN='%s'" % dcityname
        sql2 = "select * from t_city where CN='%s'" % acityname
        dcity = mysql.mysql_select(sql1)[0][2]
        dcityid = mysql.mysql_select(sql1)[0][3]
        acity = mysql.mysql_select(sql2)[0][2]
        acityid = mysql.mysql_select(sql2)[0][3]
        print(dcity, dcityname, dcityid, acity, acityname, acityid)
    
        url = "https://flights.ctrip.com/itinerary/api/12808/products"
        headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/68.0",
            "Referer": "https://flights.ctrip.com/itinerary/oneway/{}-{}?date={}".format(dcity, acity, date),
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
        }
        request_payload = {
            "flightWay": "Oneway",
            "classType": "ALL",
            "hasChild": False,
            "hasBaby": False,
            "searchIndex": 1,
            "airportParams": [
                {"dcity": dcity, "acity": acity, "dcityname": dcityname, "acityname": acityname, "date": date, "dcityid": dcityid, "acityid": acityid}
                # {"dcity": "SHA", "acity": "BJS", "dcityname": "上海", "acityname": "北京", "date": "2019-07-23", "dcityid": 2, "acityid": 1}
            ],
        }
    
        # post请求
        response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(request_payload), headers=headers).text
        # print(response)
        # 很多航班信息在此分一下
        routeList = json.loads(response).get('data').get('routeList')
        # print(routeList)
        # 依次读取每条信息
        if routeList is not None:
            for route in routeList:
                # 判断是否有信息，且只取直达航班
                if len(route.get('legs')) == 1:
                    legs = route.get('legs')
                    flight = legs[0].get('flight')
                    # 提取想要的信息
                    airlineName = flight.get('airlineName')
                    flightNumber = flight.get('flightNumber')
                    departureDate = flight.get('departureDate')
                    arrivalDate = flight.get('arrivalDate')
                    departureCityName = flight.get('departureAirportInfo').get('cityName')
                    departureAirportName = flight.get('departureAirportInfo').get('airportName')
                    arrivalCityName = flight.get('arrivalAirportInfo').get('cityName')
                    arrivalAirportName = flight.get('arrivalAirportInfo').get('airportName')
    
                    print(departureCityName, departureAirportName, "\t",
                          arrivalCityName, arrivalAirportName, "\t",
                          departureDate, arrivalDate, "\t",
                          airlineName, flightNumber)
        else:
            print("没有相关航班！")
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        FlightInfo()

## 效果 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

## 总结 ##

我在想这样做和直接在网页上搜索有什么不一样，一样好吧！！  
最后我觉得其实可以通过数据库的编号批量输入信息（一共266个城市）两个for循环判断不是同一个城市即可，在多开几个线程（几核开几个），只输入时间就可以把当天所有信息都给提取出来。

date = input("请输入时间（格式：2008-08-08）：")
    for i in range(1, 267):
         for j in range(1, 267):
             if i == j:
                 j += 1
             else:
                 sql1 = "select * from city where id=%d" % i
                 sql2 = "select * from city where id=%d" % j
                 dcityname = select(sql1)[0][1]
                 dcity = select(sql1)[0][2]
                 dcityid = select(sql1)[0][3]
                 acityname = select(sql2)[0][1]
                 acity = select(sql2)[0][2]
                 acityid = select(sql2)[0][3]
                 request_payload = {
                     "flightWay": "Oneway",
                     "classType": "ALL",
                     "hasChild": False,
                     "hasBaby": False,
                     "searchIndex": 1,
                     "airportParams": [
                         {"dcity": dcity, "acity": acity, "dcityname": dcityname, "acityname": acityname, "date": date,
                          "dcityid": dcityid, "acityid": acityid}
                         # {"dcity": "SHA", "acity": "BJS", "dcityname": "上海", "acityname": "北京", "date": "2019-07-23", "dcityid": 2, "acityid": 1}
                     ]
                 }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211126/908252d75f7542968bb3b44b343b3479.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211126/8c25e65d09274f55975c4548e7607668.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211126/edcb09647df14e299bd05aa95132a1ac.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20211126/a5a82c09eebb4d97aa03748fda9fade9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjEwOTAxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20211126/a6bba783f2f7401b8c8af6173de5ae17.png