在Salesforce中编写Unit Test

小咪咪 2021-11-26 17:16 295阅读 0赞

Unit Test 也是一个 Class 文件，所以在创建 Unit Test 的时候要选择 Test Class 类型来创建，请看如下截图（在Eclipse中）：

![12092151-7a5cf007f9ca4008bb9d33042eb900fa.png][]

编写 Unit Test 基本流程为：

1）：创建模拟数据。

2）：调用Test.startTest方法。

3）：调用对应的我们所测试的方法。

4）：调用Test.stopTest()方法。

**测试代码段一般会涉及到：测试属性，测试公共方法，测试静态方法，测试trigger。 请看如下代码段：**

@isTest(SeeAllData = true)
    private class EricSunUtilityTest {
    
        static testMethod void myUnitTest() {
        
            // first - what user profile are they? Sales Rep
            Profile p = [select id from Profile where Name = 'Sales Rep' limit 1];
            system.assert(p.id != null);
            User u = [select id, territory__c from User where ProfileId =:p.id and IsActive = true and territory__c != null limit 1];
            system.assert(u.id != null);
            
            //**---------  create test data ---------------------**//
            // create test data 
            Account a1 = new Account();
            a1.Name = 'Test Account001';
            a1.BDM_Owner__c = u.id;
            a1.Type = 'Prospect';
            insert a1;
            system.assert(a1.id != null);
            
            EricSunObject__c object1 = new EricSunObject__c();
            object1.Name = 'Test Object001';
            object1.OwnerId = u.id;
            object1.MyDate = date.newinstance(2011,7,1);
            
            system.runAs(u){
    
                Test.startTest();
              
                Test.setCurrentPage(Page.EricSunPage);    //set which page 
                EricSunController con = new EricSunController();    //init the 
              
                integer year = EricSunController.thisYear;     //test public variable
              
                //test special account owner
                ApexPages.currentPage().getParameters().put('uId',u.id);    //set the parameter
                con.ChangeOwner();        //test public function
              
                EricSunController.MyBillins_Target_All(u.id);    //test static function (Visualforce.remoting.Manager.invokeAction --> Remote Action)
                
                insert object1;
                system.assert(object1.id != null);    //test trigger about EricSunObject__c (insert)
                
                Test.stopTest(); 
            }
        }
    }

**编写完测试代码后，如何进行测试代码运行呢？请看如下过程：**

Developer Console --- Test  --- New Run --- （Run Your Selected Test）

运行完之后，我们可以在 File --- Open 中选择对应的所测试的文件，来查看Unit Test 的覆盖率。

**或者直接在Eclipse中运行对应的Class并且查看结果**

Run Test 如下图所示：

![22123824-fc925f4d71fb4217bc50a7221172a80c.png][]

View Result 如下图所示：

![22123923-4be5d59081454c5c90469a5592668879.png][]

更加具体的细节，请详看如下链接:

[http://wiki.developerforce.com/page/An\_Introduction\_to\_Apex\_Code\_Test\_Methods][http_wiki.developerforce.com_page_An_Introduction_to_Apex_Code_Test_Methods]

**这里在简单的介绍一下 system.assert 的用法：**

System.assert ---> 如果条件不满足将会抛出异常，通常我们不会在Trigger和Apex class中用到，但是在对应的Test中使用此方法是一个很好的处理方式

![091439158015.png][]

**如何对 Generate From WSDL 所生成的 Apex Class 进行Unit Test**

1）：Web Service 所对应的Class

![ContractedBlock.gif][] ![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][]

//Generated by wsdl2apex
    
    public class ITVDataFeedService {
        public class ArrayOfNV {
            public ITVDataFeedService.NV[] NV;
            private String[] NV_type_info = new String[]{
         'NV','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','-1','true'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'NV'};
        }
        public class ArrayOfFilterInfo {
            public ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo[] FilterInfo;
            private String[] FilterInfo_type_info = new String[]{
         'FilterInfo','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','-1','true'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'FilterInfo'};
        }
        public class Feed_element {
            public String FeedName;
            public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo Filters;
            public DateTime ChangedAfter;
            private String[] FeedName_type_info = new String[]{
         'FeedName','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','1','false'};
            private String[] Filters_type_info = new String[]{
         'Filters','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','1','false'};
            private String[] ChangedAfter_type_info = new String[]{
         'ChangedAfter','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'1','1','true'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'FeedName','Filters','ChangedAfter'};
        }
        public class NV {
            public String N;
            public String V;
            private String[] N_att_info = new String[]{
         'N'};
            private String[] V_att_info = new String[]{
         'V'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{};
        }
        public class ArrayOfArrayOfNV {
            public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV[] ArrayOfNV;
            private String[] ArrayOfNV_type_info = new String[]{
         'ArrayOfNV','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','-1','true'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'ArrayOfNV'};
        }
        public class ArrayOfString {
            public String[] string_x;
            private String[] string_x_type_info = new String[]{
         'string','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','-1','true'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'string_x'};
        }
        public class FeedResponse_element {
            public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV FeedResult;
            private String[] FeedResult_type_info = new String[]{
         'FeedResult','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','1','false'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'FeedResult'};
        }
        public class FilterInfo {
            public String Name;
            public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString Values;
            private String[] Name_type_info = new String[]{
         'Name','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','1','false'};
            private String[] Values_type_info = new String[]{
         'Values','http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',null,'0','1','false'};
            private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
            private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{
         'Name','Values'};
        }
        public class DataFeedSoap {
            public String endpoint_x = 'https://corp-services.jbhifi.com.au/ITVisions.Webservices/DataFeed.asmx';
            public Map<String,String> inputHttpHeaders_x;
            public Map<String,String> outputHttpHeaders_x;
            public String clientCertName_x;
            public String clientCert_x;
            public String clientCertPasswd_x;
            public Integer timeout_x;
            private String[] ns_map_type_info = new String[]{
         'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/', 'ITVDataFeedService'};
            public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV Feed(String FeedName,ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo Filters,DateTime ChangedAfter) {
                ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element request_x = new ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element();
                request_x.FeedName = FeedName;
                request_x.Filters = Filters;
                request_x.ChangedAfter = ChangedAfter;
                ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element response_x;
                Map<String, ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element> response_map_x = new Map<String, ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element>();
                response_map_x.put('response_x', response_x);
                WebServiceCallout.invoke(
                  this,
                  request_x,
                  response_map_x,
                  new String[]{endpoint_x,
                  'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/Feed',
                  'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',
                  'Feed',
                  'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',
                  'FeedResponse',
                  'ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element'}
                );
                response_x = response_map_x.get('response_x');
                return response_x.FeedResult;
            }
        }
    }

2）：Unit Test

![ContractedBlock.gif][] ![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][]

@isTest
    private with sharing class ITVDataFeedServiceTest {
    
        static testMethod void coverTypes() {
            // query for a test user
            User u = [select id from User where id =: UserInfo.getUserId() limit 1];
            system.assert(u.id != null);
            
            // run test as current test user
            system.runAs(u){
            
                // start test
                Test.startTest();
                
                // cover inner class
                new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV();
                new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo();
                new ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element();
                new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
                new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV();
                new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString();
                new ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element();
                new ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo();
                new ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap();
                  
                // end test
                Test.stopTest();
            }
        }
        
        static testMethod void coverMethods()
        {
            // query for a test user
            User u = [select id from User where id =: UserInfo.getUserId() limit 1];
            system.assert(u.id != null);
            
            // run test as current test user
            system.runAs(u){
            
                // start test
                Test.startTest();
                
                // cover method
                new ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap().Feed(null, null, null);
                  
                // end test
                Test.stopTest();
            }
        }
        
        private class WebServiceMockImpl implements WebServiceMock
        {
            public void doInvoke(
                Object stub, Object request, Map<String, Object> response,
                String endpoint, String soapAction, String requestName,
                String responseNS, String responseName, String responseType)
            {
                if(request instanceof ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element)
                    response.put('response_x', new ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element());
                return;
            }
        }
        
    }

**如何对调用 Web Service 中某些方法的 Apex Class 进行 Unit Test **

1）：调用Web Service的Apex Class

![ContractedBlock.gif][] ![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][]

public class CreditLimitController {
        //added an instance varaible for the standard controller
        private ApexPages.StandardController controller {
         get; set;}
        // the actual account
        private Account a;
        
        public CreditLimitInfo creLimitInfo {
         get; set;}
        
        private string feedName = 'CustomerCredit';
        private string filterInfoName = 'CustomerID';
        private ITVDataFeedService itvDFService = new ITVDataFeedService();
        private ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap dfSoap = new ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap();
        
        private ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo fInfo = new ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo();
        private ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo filterInfoArray = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo();
        private ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString sArray = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString();
       
        
        
        public CreditLimitController(ApexPages.StandardController controller) {
            //initialize the stanrdard controller
            this.controller = controller;
            this.a = (Account)controller.getRecord();
            this.creLimitInfo = getCreditLimitInfo(this.a);
        }
        
        public CreditLimitInfo getCreditLimitInfo(Account acc) {
            // call web service to get the credit limit by account id
            fInfo.Name = filterInfoName;
            
            string customerId = getCustomerId(acc);
            string[] sArr = new string[] { customerId };
            sArray.string_x = sArr;
            
            fInfo.Values = sArray;
            
            filterInfoArray.FilterInfo = new ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo[] {fInfo};
            
            ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV nvArrayArray = dfSoap.Feed(feedName, filterInfoArray, DateTime.now());
    
            CreditLimitInfo currentCreditLimitInfo = new CreditLimitInfo();
            if(nvArrayArray != null && nvArrayArray.ArrayOfNV != null){
                for(ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV aNv : nvArrayArray.ArrayOfNV){
                    for(ITVDataFeedService.NV nv : aNv.NV){
                        if(nv.N == 'CustomerID'){
                            currentCreditLimitInfo.CustomerId = nv.V;
                        }
                        else if(nv.N == 'CreditLimit'){
                            currentCreditLimitInfo.CreditLimit = Decimal.valueOf(nv.V);
                        }
                        else if(nv.N == 'AvailableCredit'){
                            currentCreditLimitInfo.AvailableCredit = Decimal.valueOf(nv.V);
                        }
                        else if(nv.N == 'Balance'){
                            currentCreditLimitInfo.Balance = Decimal.valueOf(nv.V);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return currentCreditLimitInfo;
        }
        
        private string getCustomerId(Account acc){
            string customerId = '';
            if(acc != null && acc.Id != null){
                List<Account> accList = [Select AccountNumber From Account Where Id =: acc.Id];
                if(accList != null && accList.size() > 0){
                    customerId = accList[0].AccountNumber;
                }
            }
            return customerId;
        }
        
        public class CreditLimitInfo {
            public string CustomerId {
         get;set;}
            public decimal CreditLimit {
         get;set;}
            public decimal AvailableCredit {
         get;set;}
            public decimal Balance {
         get;set;}
            
            public CreditLimitInfo(){
              CustomerId = '';
              CreditLimit = 0;
              AvailableCredit = 0;
              Balance = 0;
            }
            
            public CreditLimitInfo(string cusId, decimal creLimit, decimal avaCredit, decimal bal){
              CustomerId = cusId;
              CreditLimit = creLimit;
              AvailableCredit = avaCredit;
              Balance = bal;
            }
         }
    }

2）：Unit Test

![ContractedBlock.gif][] ![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][]

@isTest
    private class CreditLimitControllerTest {
    
        static testMethod void myUnitTest() {
            // query for a test user
            User u = [select id from User where id =: UserInfo.getUserId() limit 1];
            system.assert(u.id != null);
            
            // insert test data
            Account account001 = new Account(
                Name = 'Test Account 0101',
                AccountNumber = 'IN1200047',
                Credit_Type__c = 'Account'
            );
            insert account001;
            system.assert(account001.id != null);
            
            // run test as current test user
            system.runAs(u){
            
                // start test
                Test.startTest();
                
                // This causes a fake response to be generated
                  Test.setMock(WebServiceMock.class, new WebServiceMockImpl());
                  
                  
                Test.setCurrentPage(Page.CreditLimit);
                ApexPages.StandardController sc = new ApexPages.StandardController(account001);
    
                  CreditLimitController con = new CreditLimitController(sc);
                  
                  // test the constructor contains multiple parameters
                  CreditLimitController.CreditLimitInfo testCLI = new CreditLimitController.CreditLimitInfo('111', 1111.00, 1111.00, 1111.00);
                
                // end test
                Test.stopTest();
            }
        }
        
        
        private class WebServiceMockImpl implements WebServiceMock
        {
            public void doInvoke(
                Object stub, Object request, Map<String, Object> response,
                String endpoint, String soapAction, String requestName,
                String responseNS, String responseName, String responseType)
            {
                if(request instanceof ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element){
                    // generate the fake data to test
                    ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element feedRes = new ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element();
                    ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV aaOfNV = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV();
                     
                    ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV aOfNV = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV();
                    
                    ITVDataFeedService.NV nvCustomerID = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
                    nvCustomerID.N = 'CustomerID';
                    nvCustomerID.V = 'IN1200047';
                    
                    ITVDataFeedService.NV nvCreditLimit = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
                    nvCreditLimit.N = 'CreditLimit';
                    nvCreditLimit.V = '1000.11';
                    
                    ITVDataFeedService.NV nvAvailableCredit = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
                    nvAvailableCredit.N = 'AvailableCredit';
                    nvAvailableCredit.V = '1000.11';
                    
                    ITVDataFeedService.NV nvBalance = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
                    nvBalance.N = 'Balance';
                    nvBalance.V = '1000.11';
                    
                    ITVDataFeedService.NV[] nvArray = new ITVDataFeedService.NV[] { nvCustomerID, nvCreditLimit, nvAvailableCredit, nvBalance };
                    
                    aOfNV.NV = nvArray;
                    
                    ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV[] aOfNVArray = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV[] { aOfNV };
                    
                    aaOfNV.ArrayOfNV = aOfNVArray;
                    
                    feedRes.FeedResult = aaOfNV;
                    
                    // set the fake data to response
                    response.put('response_x', feedRes);
                }
            }
        }
    }

更多详细信息请看如下链接：

http://andyinthecloud.com/2013/05/11/code-coverage-for-wsdl2apex-generated-classes/

http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/apex\_callouts\_wsdl2apex\_testing.htm

**如何对Salesforce提供的Restful Service所对应的Apex Class 进行 Unit Test， 请看如下链接：**

http://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/4988/writing-test-classes-for-apex-restservice

还有一种偷懒的方式 请看： http://sfdc.arrowpointe.com/2009/05/01/testing-http-callouts/

**如何对调用External Restful Service的Apex Class 进行 Unit Test， 请看如下链接：**

http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/apex\_classes\_restful\_http\_testing\_httpcalloutmock.htm

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mingmingruyuedlut/p/3414373.html

[12092151-7a5cf007f9ca4008bb9d33042eb900fa.png]: /images/20211126/f37226188a3949b2ac46681ac2d962f9.png
[22123824-fc925f4d71fb4217bc50a7221172a80c.png]: /images/20211126/0dcda78682f94585be7dc74fc7b793d9.png
[22123923-4be5d59081454c5c90469a5592668879.png]: /images/20211126/d920af9391a34f198f6cc1110c7e9319.png
[http_wiki.developerforce.com_page_An_Introduction_to_Apex_Code_Test_Methods]: http://wiki.developerforce.com/page/An_Introduction_to_Apex_Code_Test_Methods
[091439158015.png]: /images/20211126/346c6d1a7e624c1f9a0cdc4d4fde2d08.png
[ContractedBlock.gif]: https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif
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