049 模块6-wordcloud库的使用

小鱼儿 2021-11-23 23:46 198阅读 0赞

*  一、wordcloud库基本介绍
    
     *  1.1 wordcloud库概述
     *  1.2 wordcloud库的安装
 *  二、wordcloud库使用说明
    
     *  2.1 wordcloud库基本使用
     *  2.2 wordcloud库常规方法
     *  2.3 配置对象参数
     *  2.4 wordcloud应用实例

# 一、wordcloud库基本介绍 #

## 1.1 wordcloud库概述 ##

wordcloud是优秀的词云展示第三方库

![049-模块6-wordcloud库的使用-01.jpg?x-oss-process=style/watermark][049-_6-wordcloud_-01.jpg_x-oss-process_style_watermark]

*  词云以词语为基本单位，更加直观和艺术的展示文本

## 1.2 wordcloud库的安装 ##

`pip install wordcloud`(cmd命令行)

![049-模块6-wordcloud库的使用-02.jpg?x-oss-process=style/watermark][049-_6-wordcloud_-02.jpg_x-oss-process_style_watermark]

# 二、wordcloud库使用说明 #

## 2.1 wordcloud库基本使用 ##

wordcloud库把词云当作一个WordCloud对象

*  wordcloud.WordCloud()代表一个文本对应的词云
 *  可以根据文本中词语出现的频率等参数绘制词云
 *  绘制词云的形状、尺寸和颜色都可以设定

## 2.2 wordcloud库常规方法 ##

`w = wordcloud.WordCloud()`

*  以WordCloud对象为基础
 *  配置参数、加载文本、输出文件

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th style="text-align:center;">方法</th> 
   <th style="text-align:center;">描述</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">w.generate(txt)</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">向WordCloud对象w中加载文本txt，<code>w.generate("Python and WordCloud")</code></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">w.to_file(filename)</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">将词云输出为图像文件，.png或.jpg?x-oss-process=style/watermark格式，<code>w.to_file("outfile.png")</code></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

*  步骤1：配置对象参数
 *  步骤2：加载词云文本
 *  步骤3：输出词云文件

import wordcloud w = wordcloud.WordCloud() w.generate("Python and WordCloud") c.to_file("pywordcloud.png")

![049-模块6-wordcloud库的使用-03.jpg?x-oss-process=style/watermark][049-_6-wordcloud_-03.jpg_x-oss-process_style_watermark]

![049-模块6-wordcloud库的使用-04.jpg?x-oss-process=style/watermark][049-_6-wordcloud_-04.jpg_x-oss-process_style_watermark]

## 2.3 配置对象参数 ##

`w = wordcloud.WordCloud(<参数>)`

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th style="text-align:center;">参数</th> 
   <th style="text-align:center;">描述</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">width</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云对象生成图片的宽度，默认400像素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">height</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云对象生成图片的高度，默认200像素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">min_font_size</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云中字体的最小字号，默认4号</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">max_font_size</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云中字体的最大字号，根据高度自动调节</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">font_step</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云中字体字号的步进间隔，默认为1</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">font_path</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定字体文件的路径，默认None</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">max_words</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云显示的最大单词数量，默认200</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">stop_words</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云的排除词列表，即不显示的单词列表</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">mask</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云形状，默认为长方形，需要引用imread()函数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">background_color</td> 
   <td style="text-align:center;">指定词云图片的背景颜色，默认为黑色</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# mask from scipy.misc import imread mk=imread("pic.png") w=wordcloud.WordCloud(mask=mk)

## 2.4 wordcloud应用实例 ##

import wordcloud txt = "life is short, you need python" w = wordcloud.WordCloud(background_color="white") w.generate(txt) w.to_file("pywcloud.png")

![049-模块6-wordcloud库的使用-05.jpg?x-oss-process=style/watermark][049-_6-wordcloud_-05.jpg_x-oss-process_style_watermark]

中文需要先分词并组成空格分隔字符串

import jieba import wordcloud txt = "Nick 是上海虹桥最帅的男人，没有之一，因为他就是最帅的" w = wordcloud.WordCloud( width=1000,\ font_path="/Library/Fonts/Heiti.ttc",height=700) w.generate(" ".join(jieba.lcut(txt))) w.to_file("pywcloud.png")

Building prefix dict from the default dictionary ...
    Loading model from cache /var/folders/mh/krrg51957cqgl0rhgnwyylvc0000gn/T/jieba.cache
    Loading model cost 1.047 seconds.
    Prefix dict has been built succesfully.
    
    
    
    
    
    <wordcloud.wordcloud.WordCloud at 0x1150979e8>

![049-模块6-wordcloud库的使用-07.png?x-oss-process=style/watermark][049-_6-wordcloud_-07.png_x-oss-process_style_watermark]

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/nickchen121/p/11208274.html

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