RabbitMQ之Topic交换器

朱雀 2021-11-18 00:50 306阅读 0赞

topic交换器与direct交换器在于direct交换器根据指定的路由key发送消息给相应的消息队列，而topic交换器在于根据路由key的值模糊匹配，发送到指定的消息队列  
假设一个需求:这里模拟日志处理，对info、error级别设置两个消息队列，并设置一个all消息队列处理info、error、debug、warn级别的日志，三个服务用户、订单、产品分别发送消息并且通过info、error、all三个消息队列分别接受信息。  
这里创建两个项目，一个为生产者，用来发生消息到，另一个为消费者，用来接受生产者发送的消息，并打印相应的日志级别  
pom.xml

## 1.消费者 ##

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>1.5.21.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath /> 
    	</parent>
    
    	<groupId>per.czt</groupId>
    	<artifactId>rabbitmq-topic-consumer</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	
    	
    		
    	</dependencies>
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

App.java

package per.czt;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    /**
     * Hello world!
     *
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class App 
    {
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
            SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
        }
    }

application.properties

spring.application.name=rabbitmq-direct-consumer
    
    
    spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
    spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
    spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
    spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
    
    #set exchange name
    mq.config.exchange=log.topic
    
    #info queue name
    mq.config.queue.info=log.info
    
    
    #error queue name
    mq.config.queue.error=log.error
    
    
    
    
    #all queue name
    mq.config.queue.logs=log.all

ErrorReceiver.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息接收者
     * @RabbitListener:
     *    bindings:绑定队列
     *    @QueueBinding:绑定队列的详细属性
     *    Queue:value 配置队列名称
     *    autoDelete:是否是可删除的临时队列
     *         
     */
    @Component
    @RabbitListener(
    		bindings=@QueueBinding(
    				value=@Queue(value="${mq.config.queue.error}",autoDelete="true"),
    				exchange=@Exchange(value="${mq.config.exchange}",type=ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
    				key="*.log.error"
    				)
    		)
    public class ErrorReceiver {
    	/*
    	 * 接受消息的方法，采用消息队列接收机制
    	 */
    	@RabbitHandler
    	public void process(String msg) {
    		System.out.println("....Error reveiver:"+msg);
    	}
    
    }

InfoReceiver.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息接收者
     * @RabbitListener:
     *    bindings:绑定队列
     *    @QueueBinding:绑定队列的详细属性
     *    Queue:value 配置队列名称
     *    autoDelete:是否是可删除的临时队列
     *         
     */
    @Component
    @RabbitListener(
    		bindings=@QueueBinding(
    				value=@Queue(value="${mq.config.queue.info}",autoDelete="true"),
    				exchange=@Exchange(value="${mq.config.exchange}",type=ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
    				key="*.log.info"
    				)
    		)
    public class InfoReceiver {
    	/*
    	 * 接受消息的方法，采用消息队列接收机制
    	 */
    	@RabbitHandler
    	public void process(String msg) {
    		System.out.println("....Info reveiver:"+msg);
    	}
    
    }

LogsReceiver.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息接收者
     * @RabbitListener:
     *    bindings:绑定队列
     *    @QueueBinding:绑定队列的详细属性
     *    Queue:value 配置队列名称
     *    autoDelete:是否是可删除的临时队列
     *         
     */
    @Component
    @RabbitListener(
    		bindings=@QueueBinding(
    				value=@Queue(value="${mq.config.queue.logs}",autoDelete="true"),
    				exchange=@Exchange(value="${mq.config.exchange}",type=ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
    				key="*.log.*"
    				)
    		)
    public class LogsReceiver {
    	/*
    	 * 接受消息的方法，采用消息队列接收机制
    	 */
    	@RabbitHandler
    	public void process(String msg) {
    		System.out.println("....All reveiver:"+msg);
    	}
    
    }

## 2.生产者 ##

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>1.5.21.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath /> 
    	</parent>
    
    	<groupId>per.czt</groupId>
    	<artifactId>rabbitmq-topic-provider</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	
    	
    		
    	</dependencies>
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

App.java

application.properties

spring.application.name=rabbitmq-direct-provider
    
    spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
    spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
    spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
    spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
    
    #set exchange name
    mq.config.exchange=log.topic

OrderSender.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息发送者
     */
    @Component
    public class OrderSender {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    	
    	
    	@Value("${mq.config.exchange}")
    	private String  exchange;
    	
    	
    	/*
    	 * 发生消息的方法
    	 */
    	public void send(String msg) {
    		//向消息队列发生消息
    		//参数一:交换器密匙
    		//参数二:路由健
    		//参数三:消息
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"order.log.info","order.log.info.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"order.log.debug","order.log.debug.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"order.log.warn","order.log.warn.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"order.log.error","order.log.error.."+msg);
    		
    		
    	}
    
    }

ProductSender.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息发送者
     */
    @Component
    public class ProductSender {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    	
    	
    	@Value("${mq.config.exchange}")
    	private String  exchange;
    	
    	
    	/*
    	 * 发生消息的方法
    	 */
    	public void send(String msg) {
    		//向消息队列发生消息
    		//参数一:交换器密匙
    		//参数二:路由健
    		//参数三:消息
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"product.log.info","product.log.info.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"product.log.debug","product.log.debug.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"product.log.warn","product.log.warn.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"product.log.error","product.log.error.."+msg);
    		
    		
    	}
    
    }

UserSender.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息发送者
     */
    @Component
    public class UserSender {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    	
    	
    	@Value("${mq.config.exchange}")
    	private String  exchange;
    	
    	
    	/*
    	 * 发生消息的方法
    	 */
    	public void send(String msg) {
    		//向消息队列发生消息
    		//参数一:交换器密匙
    		//参数二:路由健
    		//参数三:消息
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"user.log.info","user.log.info.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"user.log.debug","user.log.debug.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"user.log.warn","user.log.warn.."+msg);
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,"user.log.error","user.log.error.."+msg);
    		
    		
    	}
    
    }

QueueTest.java

package per.czt.test;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import per.czt.App;
    import per.czt.config.OrderSender;
    import per.czt.config.ProductSender;
    import per.czt.config.UserSender;
    
    /*
     * 消息队列测试类
     */
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest(classes= {App.class})
    public class QueueTest {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private UserSender userSender;
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private ProductSender productSender;
    	@Autowired
    	private OrderSender orderSender;
    	@Test
    	public void test1() {
    		//发送消息
    		userSender.send("UserSender....");
    		productSender.send("ProductSender....");
    		orderSender.send("OrderSender....");
    	}
    
    }

## 3.测试 ##

先启动消费者的启动类，运行消费者项目  
在执行生产者的单元测试方法，控制台打印  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
看出来用户、订单、产品服务分别发送了error、info、warn、debug四个级别的消息，并且error、info通过相应的消息队列接收，并且error、info、warn、debug都通过了all消息队列接收。

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211116/006b70e605d74e6fa673bf2a98a628d9.png