关于Spring Boot你不得不知道的事--Spring Boot的基本操作

喜欢ヅ旅行 2021-11-17 04:34 326阅读 0赞

## 1 Pom文件 ##

### 1.1 spring-boot-starter-parent ###

表示当前pom文件从spring-boot-starter-parent继承下来，在spring-boot-starter-parent中提供了很多默认配置，可以简化我们的开发。

<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/>  </parent>

*  Java版本和编码方式

<properties> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <resource.delimiter>@</resource.delimiter> <maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target> </properties>

*  依赖管理spring-boot-dependencies

这样比如使用starter-web的时候就不需要指定版本号

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency>

*  使用自己的parent项目

这时候将依赖管理的问题放到dependencyManagement中。

官网说明文档见：13.2.2 Using Spring Boot without the Parent POM

<dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>

### 1.2 打包管理 ###

使用mvn package打包的plugin。

<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

### 1.3 Starters ###

官网见：13.5 Starters

Starters are a set of convenient dependency descriptors that you can include in your application. You get a one-stop shop for all the Spring and related technologies that you need without having to hunt through sample code and copy-paste loads of dependency descriptors. For example, if you want to get started using Spring and JPA for database access, include the spring-boot-starter-data-jpa dependency in your project.

*  官方starter命名

spring-boot-starter-\*

*  自定义starter命名

thirdpartyproject-spring-boot-starter

*  spring-boot-web-starter

查看其diagram，可以排除某个依赖

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency>

## 2 XXXApplication ##

### 2.1 @SpringBootApplication ###

官网见：18. Using the @SpringBootApplication Annotation

等同于@EnableAutoConfiguration，@ComponentScan和@Configuration

### 2.2 SpringApplication.run ###

官网见：23. SpringApplication

## 3 配置文件 ##

### 3.1 初步感受 ###

server.port=9090

### 3.2 yml文件 ###

application.yml

### 3.3 给属性注入值 ###

*  实体类Person和IDCard

public class Person { private String name; private int age; private Date birthday; private String[] hobbies; private IDCard idCard; ... }

public class IDCard { private int id; private String number; }

*  yml注入写法

person:
    	name: Jack
    	age: 17
    	birthday: 1997/06/01
    	hobbies: [code，sing，share]
    	idCard: 
    		id: 1
    		number: 111

*  Person类增加注解

@Component @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")

*  测试

@Autowired private Person person;

如果Person类上报错，在Pom文件中加入如下依赖

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> </dependency>

## 4 处理动静态资源 ##

### 4.1 动态资源 ###

官网见：90.2 Reload Templates without Restarting the Container

*  templates

resources目录下有一个templates文件夹，可以将动态资源放到其中

*  引入thymeleaf

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency>

*  templates下新建test.html文件

*  controller中return test

@Controller @RequestMapping("/gupao") public class GupaoController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello(Model model){ String str="hello spring boot"; //想要动态的显示在网页当中 model.addAttribute("str",str); //接下来的页面是能够动态显示传过来的数据 return "test"; } }

### 4.2 静态资源 ###

*  static文件夹

在resources目录下有一个static文件夹，可以将静态资源放到其中，浏览器可以直接访问。

*  静态资源其他存放文件夹

"classpath:/META-INF/resources/" "classpath:/resources/" "classpath:/static/" "classpath:/public/"

*  WebMvcAutoConfiguration源码分析

WebMvcAutoConfiguration--->WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.addResourceHandlers(xxx)--->

this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()

return this.staticLocations;

private String[] staticLocations = CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS;

private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = { "classpath:/META-INF/resources/", "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" };

*  自定义静态资源文件夹

`观察`

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false) public class ResourceProperties {

配置application.properties

spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/gupao/

## 5 整合MyBatis ##

### 5.1 需求 ###

通过Spring Boot Web项目api接口的方式，整合MyBatis实现crud的操作。

### 5.2 创建Spring Boot Web项目 ###

重温一下web项目创建的过程。

### 5.3 引入项目中需要的starter依赖 ###

<dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency>

### 5.4 创建数据库表 ###

db\_gupao\_springboot--->t\_user

### 5.5 创建domain/User对象 ###

public class User { private int id; private String username; private String password; private String number; ... }

### 5.6 开发dao层 ###

@Repository @Mapper public interface UserMapper { User find(String username); List<User> list(); int insert(User user); int delete(int id); int update(User user); }

### 5.7 开发service层 ###

@Service public class UserService { @Autowired public UserMapper userMapper; public User findByUsername(String username){ return userMapper.find(username); } public List<User> listUser(){ return userMapper.list(); } public int insertUser(User user){ return userMapper.insert(user); } public int updateUser(User user){ return userMapper.update(user); } public int delete(int id){ return userMapper.delete(id); } }

### 5.8 开发controller层 ###

@RestController @RequestMapping(value="/user",method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST}) public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/listone") @ResponseBody public User listOne(String username){ return userService.findByUsername(username); } @RequestMapping("/listall") @ResponseBody public List<User> listAll(){ return userService.listUser(); } @RequestMapping(value="/add",method= RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String add(User user){ int result=userService.insertUser(user); if(result>=1) { return "添加成功"; }else{ return "添加失败"; } } @RequestMapping(value="/update",method= RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String update(User user){ int result=userService.updateUser(user); if(result>=1) { return "修改成功"; }else{ return "修改失败"; } } @RequestMapping(value="/delete",method= RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public String delete(int id){ int result=userService.delete(id); if(result>=1) { return "删除成功"; }else{ return "删除失败"; } } }

### 5.9 resources目录下创建mapper文件夹---UserMapper.xml ###

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD com.example.Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.csdn.springbootmybatis.dao.UserMapper"> <resultMap id="result" type="com.gupao.springbootmybatis.domain.User"> <result property="username" column="username"/> <result property="password" column="password"/> <result property="number" column="number"/> </resultMap> <select id="find" resultMap="result"> SELECT * FROM t_user where username=#{username} </select> <select id="list" resultMap="result"> SELECT * FROM t_user </select> <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.gupao.springbootmybatis.domain.User" keyProperty="id" useGeneratedKeys="true"> INSERT INTO t_user ( id,username,password,number ) VALUES ( #{id}, #{username, jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{password, jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{number} ) </insert> <delete id="delete" parameterType="int"> delete from t_user where id=#{id} </delete> <update id="update" parameterType="com.gupao.springbootmybatis.domain.User"> update t_user set user.username=#{username},user.password=#{password},user.number=#{number} where user.id=#{id} </update> </mapper>

### 5.10 application.properties文件配置 ###

#数据源
    spring:
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/boot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
        username: root
        password: 123456
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    #mybatis托管mapper文件
    mybatis:
      mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

### 5.11 启动项目测试 ###

*  查询

[http://localhost:8888/user/listone?username=Jack][http_localhost_8888_user_listone_username_Jack]

*  全部查询

[http://localhost:8888/user/listall][http_localhost_8888_user_listall]

*  增加

[http://localhost:8888/user/add?id=3&username=AAA&password=111111&number=300][http_localhost_8888_user_add_id_3_username_AAA_password_111111_number_300]

*  更新

[http://localhost:8888/user/update?id=3&username=BBB][http_localhost_8888_user_update_id_3_username_BBB]

*  删除

[http://localhost:8888/user/delete?id=3][http_localhost_8888_user_delete_id_3]

## 6 项目打包 ##

*  jar包

`mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -U clean install`

`java -jar xxx.jar`

*  war包

<groupId>com.csdn</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-demo2</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging>

## 7 Spring Boot in less than 10 minutes ##

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhkwLtDIMHI&feature=youtu.be][https_www.youtube.com_watch_v_lhkwLtDIMHI_feature_youtu.be]

BUILD ANYTHING WITH SPRING BOOT
    
    Spring Boot is the starting point for building all Spring-based applications. Spring Boot is designed to get you up and running as quickly as possible, with minimal upfront configuration of Spring.

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <th>&nbsp;</th> 
   <th>&nbsp;</th> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Get started in seconds using Spring Initializr</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Build anything: REST API, WebSocket, web, streaming, tasks, and more</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Simplified security</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Rich support for SQL and NoSQL</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Embedded runtime support: Tomcat, Jetty, and Undertow</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Developer productivity tools such as LiveReload and Auto Restart</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Curated dependencies that just work</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Production-ready features such as tracing, metrics, and health status</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>-</td> 
   <td>Works in your favorite IDE: Spring Tool Suite, IntelliJ IDEA, and NetBeans</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 7.1 IDEA创建工程 ###

group:com.example

artifact:bootiful

dependencies:Reactive Web,Reactive MongoDB,Lombok,Actuator,Security

### 7.2 DATA DRIVE ###

> Spring Data integrates seamlessly with SQL and NoSQL persistence stores. Spring Data supports reactive data access,too!

@Component class DataWriter implements ApplicationRunner { private final CustomerRepository customerRepository; DataWriter(CustomerRepository customerRepository) { this.customerRepository = customerRepository; } @Override public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception { Flux.just("Jack", "Rechal", "Richard", "Jobs") .flatMap(name -> customerRepository.save(new Customer(null, name))) .subscribe(System.out::println); } } interface CustomerRepository extends ReactiveMongoRepository<Customer, String> { } @Document @NoArgsConstructor @Data class Customer { private String id,name; public Customer(String id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } }

### 7.3 REST ###

> On the web,nobody knows you're a reactive microservice.

@SpringBootApplication public class BootifulApplication { @Bean RouterFunction<ServerResponse> routes(CustomerRepository cr){ return RouterFunctions.route(GET("/customers"),serverRequest -> ok().body(cr.findAll(),Customer.class)); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(BootifulApplication.class, args); } }

### 7.4 OBSERVABILITY ###

> How's your app's health?Who better to articulate that then the application itself?

> Spring Boot featurese strong opinions,loosely held.
> 
> It's easy to change any of them with properties or pluggable implementations

management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
    management.endpoints.web.exposure.exclude=*

@Bean HealthIndicator healthIndicator(){ return () -> Health.status("I <3 Production").build(); }

访问:curl [http://localhost:8080/actuator/health][http_localhost_8080_actuator_health] | jq

### 7.5 SECURITY ###

> Effortlessly plugin authentication and authorization in a traditional or reactive application with Spring Security

@Bean MapReactiveUserDetailsService users(){ return new MapReactiveUserDetailsService(User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder().username("user").password("pw").roles("USER").build()); }

访问:curl -vu user:pw [http://localhost:8080/customers][http_localhost_8080_customers] | jq

### 7.6 TO PRODUCTION ###

> Let's provision a MongoDB instance,configure our application's route and MongoDB binding,and then push our application to production with Cloud Foundry.

命令切换到bootiful根目录下

`cf services`

定位到my-mongodb文件夹

*  复制对应文件，修改和观察

![bb8cc25d50d00282d8ac712433d724cdebc.jpg][]![28b6b464c19f0561462cfb9173e556a7d90.jpg][]

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![webp][]

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xueSpring/p/11060708.html

[http_localhost_8888_user_listone_username_Jack]: http://localhost:8888/user/listone?username=Jack
[http_localhost_8888_user_listall]: http://localhost:8888/user/listall
[http_localhost_8888_user_add_id_3_username_AAA_password_111111_number_300]: http://localhost:8888/user/add?id=3&username=AAA&password=111111&number=300
[http_localhost_8888_user_update_id_3_username_BBB]: http://localhost:8888/user/update?id=3&username=BBB
[http_localhost_8888_user_delete_id_3]: http://localhost:8888/user/delete?id=3
[https_www.youtube.com_watch_v_lhkwLtDIMHI_feature_youtu.be]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhkwLtDIMHI&feature=youtu.be
[http_localhost_8080_actuator_health]: http://localhost:8080/actuator/health
[http_localhost_8080_customers]: http://localhost:8080/customers
[bb8cc25d50d00282d8ac712433d724cdebc.jpg]: https://oscimg.oschina.net/oscnet/bb8cc25d50d00282d8ac712433d724cdebc.jpg
[28b6b464c19f0561462cfb9173e556a7d90.jpg]: /images/20211116/c20cbe30dc2d4fdc8bca79c17b67b68a.png
[75d27dc5b28a7ccdc26bbc393b084ca4c41.jpg]: /images/20211116/489a0af1438348b68dd1a89ada9dea7d.png
[9e581f8b3da46d159cdb5f99628a8e2cdab.jpg]: /images/20211116/1fd36ac8f5d34475b5921a6450130291.png
[webp]: /images/20211116/697e2950e13c4d608644fda4bb554ffd.png