nginx 变量相关的map模块与split_clients模块及geo模块和geoip模块及keepalive介绍

秒速五厘米 2021-11-16 21:22 311阅读 0赞

map 模块指令默认编译进nginx的

Syntax: map string $variable { ... }  # 表示string匹配到{}里的值或变量赋值给$variable
    Default: —
    Context: http
    Syntax: map_hash_bucket_size size;
    Default: map_hash_bucket_size 32|64|128; 
    Context: http
    Syntax: map_hash_max_size size;
    Default: map_hash_max_size 2048; 
    Context: http

配置

[root@python vhast]# cat mo.conf 
    map $http_host $name {
    	hostnames;
    	default 0;
    	~map\.tao\w+\.org.cn 1;
    	*.taohui.org.cn 2;
    	map.taohui.tech 3;
    	map.taohui.* 4;
    	}
    map $http_user_agent $mobile {
    	default 0;
    	"~Opera Mini" 1;
    	}
    server {
    	listen 10001;
    	default_type text/plain;
    	location /{
    		return 200 "$http_host:$name:$mobile\n";
    	}
    }

测试

[root@python vhast]# curl -H 'Host: map.tao123.org.cn' 127.0.0.1:10001
    map.tao123.org.cn:1:0
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'Host: map.taohui.pub' 127.0.0.1:10001
    map.taohui.pub:4:0
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'Host: map.taohui.tech' 127.0.0.1:10001
    map.taohui.tech:3:0

split\_clients 指令介绍

![1468231-20190713175511272-982035400.png][]

Syntax: split_clients string $variable { ... }
    Default: —
    Context: http

配置

split_clients "${http_testcli}" $variant {
    	0.51% .one;
    	20.0% .two;
    	50.5% .three;
    	#40% .four;
    	* "";
    }
    server {
    	server_name split_clients.com;
    	default_type text/plain;
    	location /{
    		return 200 'ABtest$variant\n';
    	}
    }

测试

[root@python vhast]# curl -H 'testcli: 456152gy323v' split_clients.com/
    ABtest.two
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'testcli: 4561238852ohugy323v' split_clients.com/
    ABtest.three
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'testcli: 45' split_clients.com/
    ABtest.two
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'testcli: 45ftdr' split_clients.com/
    ABtest

geo模块：根据IP创建新变量

![1468231-20190713160204926-533030132.png][]

指令

Syntax: geo [$address] $variable { ... }
    Default: —
    Context: http

配置

server {
            server_name split_clients.com;
            default_type text/plain;
            location /{
                    return 200 '$country\n';
            }
    }
    
    geo $country {
            default ZZ;
            #include conf/geo.conf;
            proxy 192.168.183.4;
            127.0.0.0/24 US;
            127.0.0.1/32 RU;
            10.1.0.0/16 RU;
            192.168.1.0/24 UK;
            }

测试

[root@python vhast]# curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 10.1.0.0,127.0.0.2'
    split_clients.com
    US
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 10.1.0.0,127.0.0.1' split_clients.com
    RU
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 10.1.0.0,127.0.0.1,1.2.3.4' split_clients.com
    ZZ

使用变量查找用户地理位置geoip模块;默认未启用此功能；--with-http\_geoip\_module 编译进去

安装模块依赖的库

yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data

编译安装依赖库

wget https://github.com/maxmind/geoip-api-c/releases/download/v1.6.12/GeoIP-1.6.12.tar.gz
    tar xf GeoIP-1.6.12.tar.gz 
    cd GeoIP-1.6.12/
    ./configure 
    make && make install

重新编译nginx

[root@python nginx-1.15.9]# ./configure --prefix=/data/web --sbin-path=/usr/bin --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_sub_module --add-module=/root/nginx-http-concat --with-http_addition_module --with-http_
    secure_link_module --with-http_geoip_module
    [root@python nginx-1.15.9]# make 
    [root@python nginx-1.15.9]# mv /usr/bin/nginx{,.07.13.16.31}
    [root@python nginx-1.15.9]# mv objs/nginx /usr/bin/

指令介绍

Syntax: geoip_country file;#指定国家的地址文件
    Default: —
    Context: http
    Syntax: geoip_proxy address | CIDR;  #信任的IP地址
    Default: —
    Context: http

变量介绍

![1468231-20190713163935427-810741710.png][]

geoip\_city 提供的变量

![1468231-20190713164055721-1221022386.png][]

配置在http字段配置

server {
    	server_name split_clients.com;
    	default_type text/plain;
    	location /{
    		return 200 'country:$geoip_country_code,$geoip_country_code3,$geoip_country_name 
    country from city:$geoip_city_continent_code,$geoip_city_country_code3,$geoip_city_country_name\n';
    	}
    }
    
    geo $country {
    	default ZZ;
    	#include conf/geo.conf;
    	proxy 192.168.183.4;
    	127.0.0.0/24 US;
    	127.0.0.1/32 RU;
    	10.1.0.0/16 RU;
    	192.168.1.0/24 UK;
    	}
    geoip_country  /usr/share/GeoIP/GeoIP-initial.dat;
    geoip_city   /usr/share/GeoIP/GeoIPCity-initial.dat;
    geoip_proxy 192.168.183.4/32;
    geoip_proxy_recursive on;

测试

[root@python vhast]# curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 104.248.224.193,121.8.98.197' split_clients.com
    country:CN,CHN,China 
    country from city:AS,CHN,China
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 104.248.224.193' split_clients.com
    country:US,USA,United States 
    country from city:NA,USA,United States
    [root@python vhast]# curl -H 'X-Forwarded-For: 77.48.21.58' split_clients.com
    country:CZ,CZE,Czech Republic 
    country from city:EU,CZE,Czech Republic

keepalive模块

![1468231-20190713180232710-410653752.png][]

指令介绍

Syntax: keepalive_disable none | browser ...;#对某些浏览器不适应此功能
    Default: keepalive_disable msie6; 
    Context: http, server, location
    Syntax: keepalive_requests number;   #表示在一个http最多执行多少个请求默认100
    Default: keepalive_requests 100; 
    Context: http, server, location
    Syntax: keepalive_timeout timeout [header_timeout];  跟两个时间，第一个是当请求完第一次后多长时间没请求我就断开连接默认75秒；第二个表示向浏览器返回这个连接保持的时间
    Default: keepalive_timeout 75s; 
    Context: http, server, location

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/rdchenxi/p/11181131.html

[1468231-20190713175511272-982035400.png]: /images/20211116/a596eeadb9cd41a19760d63aa6aef386.png
[1468231-20190713160204926-533030132.png]: /images/20211116/428bfca3fa10412dba4d7c8acc1e0676.png
[1468231-20190713163935427-810741710.png]: /images/20211116/f359adf6736f405da0ab1e801208532c.png
[1468231-20190713164055721-1221022386.png]: /images/20211116/21fdba04111e4ac9b9d66ec4b2f3aa07.png
[1468231-20190713180232710-410653752.png]: /images/20211116/3dc1ebe5f2f24e3abcd3a962bf673b9b.png