Mysql的高可用架构的搭建（同时实现读写分离）

红太狼 2021-11-16 14:36 190阅读 0赞

## 一.Mysql架构的简介 ##

MHA：

> MHA（Master High Availability）目前在MySQL高可用方面是一个相对成熟的解决方案，它由日本DeNA公司youshimaton（现就职于Facebook公司）开发，是一套优秀的作为MySQL高可用性环境下故障切换和主从提升的高可用软件。在MySQL故障切换过程中，MHA能做到在0~30秒之内自动完成数据库的故障切换操作，并且在进行故障切换的过程中，MHA能在最大程度上保证数据的一致性，以达到真正意义上的高可用。  
> 该软件由两部分组成：MHA Manager（管理节点）和MHA Node（数据节点）。  
> MHA Manager可以单独部署在一台独立的机器上管理多个master-slave集群，也可以部署在一台slave节点上。  
> MHA Node运行在每台MySQL服务器上，MHA Manager会定时探测集群中的master节点，当master出现故障时，它可以自动将最新数据的slave提升为新的master，然后将所有其他的slave重新指向新的master。整个故障转移过程对应用程序完全透明。

MHA优点：

> 在MHA自动故障切换过程中，MHA试图从宕机的主服务器上保存二进制日志，最大程度的保证数据的不丢失，但这并不总是可行的。例如，如果主服务器硬件故障或无法通过ssh访问，MHA没法保存二进制日志，只进行故障转移而丢失了最新的数据。使用MySQL 5.5的半同步复制，可以大大降低数据丢失的风险。MHA可以与半同步复制结合起来。如果只有一个slave已经收到了最新的二进制日志，MHA可以将最新的二进制日志应用于其他所有的slave服务器上，因此可以保证所有节点的数据一致性。

MHA处理流程：

> 从宕机崩溃的master保存二进制日志事件（binlog events）;  
> 识别含有最新更新的slave；  
> 应用差异的中继日志（relay log）到其他的slave；  
> 应用从master保存的二进制日志事件（binlog events）；  
> 提升一个slave为新的master；  
> 使其他的slave连接新的master进行复制；

## 二.mysql的高可用集群架构的搭建 ##

实验环境：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>主机名（IP）</th> 
   <th>服务</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>server1（172.25.16.1）</td> 
   <td>master</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>server2（172.25.16.2)</td> 
   <td>slave(备master）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>server3（172.25.16.3）</td> 
   <td>slave</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>server4（172.25.16.4）</td> 
   <td>MHA</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

在server1、server2、server3配置基于gtid的主从复制

1.  刷新数据库，server1、server2、server3的操作相同

![在这里插入图片描述][20190805213435408.png]

1.  编辑配置文件  
    server1：

![在这里插入图片描述][20190805213605399.png]  
server2:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
server3:  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190805213712162.png]

1.  重启数据库，获取初始密码

systemctl start mysqld
    cat /var/log/mysql.log | grep password

1.  配置主从

server1（主）：

[root@server1 mysql]# mysql -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.24-log
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'Szy+123en';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    
    mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'172.25.16.%' identified by 'Szy+123en';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
    
    mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    
    mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=10000000000000;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

server2（从）:

[root@server2 mysql]# mysql -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.24-log
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'Szy+123en';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
    mysql> change master to master_host='172.25.16.1', master_user='repl',master_password='Szy+123en',master_auto_position=1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.17 sec)
    
    mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> stop slave io_thread;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> start slave io_thread;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    
    mysql> show slave status\G
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                   Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                      Master_Host: 172.25.16.1
                      Master_User: repl
                      Master_Port: 3306
                    Connect_Retry: 60
                  Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
              Read_Master_Log_Pos: 691
                   Relay_Log_File: server2-relay-bin.000002
                    Relay_Log_Pos: 898
            Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
                 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
                  Replicate_Do_DB: 
              Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
               Replicate_Do_Table: 
           Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
          Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                       Last_Errno: 0
                       Last_Error: 
                     Skip_Counter: 0
              Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 691
                  Relay_Log_Space: 1107
                  Until_Condition: None
                   Until_Log_File: 
                    Until_Log_Pos: 0
               Master_SSL_Allowed: No
               Master_SSL_CA_File: 
               Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
                  Master_SSL_Cert: 
                Master_SSL_Cipher: 
                   Master_SSL_Key: 
            Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                    Last_IO_Errno: 0
                    Last_IO_Error: 
                   Last_SQL_Errno: 0
                   Last_SQL_Error: 
      Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
                 Master_Server_Id: 1
                      Master_UUID: c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0
                 Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                        SQL_Delay: 0
              SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
          Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
               Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                      Master_Bind: 
          Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
         Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
                   Master_SSL_Crl: 
               Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
               Retrieved_Gtid_Set: c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0:1-2
                Executed_Gtid_Set: c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0:1-2,
    ef766a82-b783-11e9-a2e0-52540039676f:1-2
                    Auto_Position: 1
             Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                     Channel_Name: 
               Master_TLS_Version: 
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

server3(从):

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'Szy+123en';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
    
    mysql> change master to master_host='172.25.16.1', master_user='repl',master_password='Szy+123en',master_auto_position=1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.15 sec)
    
    mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
    
    mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    
    mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> stop slave io_thread;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> start slave io_thread;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> show slave status\G
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                   Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                      Master_Host: 172.25.16.1
                      Master_User: repl
                      Master_Port: 3306
                    Connect_Retry: 60
                  Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
              Read_Master_Log_Pos: 691
                   Relay_Log_File: server3-relay-bin.000002
                    Relay_Log_Pos: 898
            Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
                 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
                  Replicate_Do_DB: 
              Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
               Replicate_Do_Table: 
           Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
          Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                       Last_Errno: 0
                       Last_Error: 
                     Skip_Counter: 0
              Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 691
                  Relay_Log_Space: 1107
                  Until_Condition: None
                   Until_Log_File: 
                    Until_Log_Pos: 0
               Master_SSL_Allowed: No
               Master_SSL_CA_File: 
               Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
                  Master_SSL_Cert: 
                Master_SSL_Cipher: 
                   Master_SSL_Key: 
            Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                    Last_IO_Errno: 0
                    Last_IO_Error: 
                   Last_SQL_Errno: 0
                   Last_SQL_Error: 
      Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
                 Master_Server_Id: 1
                      Master_UUID: c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0
                 Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                        SQL_Delay: 0
              SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
          Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
               Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                      Master_Bind: 
          Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
         Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
                   Master_SSL_Crl: 
               Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
               Retrieved_Gtid_Set: c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0:1-2
                Executed_Gtid_Set: 2988fbc1-b785-11e9-ab3c-52540046c65d:1,
    c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0:1-2
                    Auto_Position: 1
             Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                     Channel_Name: 
               Master_TLS_Version: 
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试：  
在server1写入数据:

mysql> create database westos;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
    
    mysql> use westos;
    Database changed
    mysql> create table userlist(
        -> username varchar(10) not null,
        -> password varchar(15) not null);
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
    
    mysql> insert into userlist values ('user1','123')
        -> ;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
    
    mysql> select * from userlist;
    +----------+----------+
    | username | password |
    +----------+----------+
    | user1    | 123      |
    +----------+----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
server2查看  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
server3查看  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

## 三.在server4上安装管理节点 ##

[root@server4 MHA-7]# ls
    mha4mysql-manager-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
    mha4mysql-manager-0.58.tar.gz
    mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
    perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch.rpm
    perl-Email-Date-Format-1.002-15.el7.noarch.rpm
    perl-Log-Dispatch-2.41-1.el7.1.noarch.rpm
    perl-Mail-Sender-0.8.23-1.el7.noarch.rpm
    perl-Mail-Sendmail-0.79-21.el7.noarch.rpm
    perl-MIME-Lite-3.030-1.el7.noarch.rpm
    perl-MIME-Types-1.38-2.el7.noarch.rpm
    perl-Parallel-ForkManager-1.18-2.el7.noarch.rpm
    [root@server4 MHA-7]# yum install *

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
2.添加解析

vim /etc/hosts

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
3.生成server4的ssh密钥，并发送给server1、server2、server3

ssh-keygen
    ssh-copy-id server1
    ssh-copy-id server2
    ssh-copy-id server3

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

4.server1、server2、server3安装节点

[root@server4 MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm server1:
    mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch. 100%   35KB   9.1MB/s   00:00    
    [root@server4 MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm server2:
    mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch. 100%   35KB   9.4MB/s   00:00    
    [root@server4 MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm server3:
    mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch. 100%   35KB  10.6MB/s   00:00   
    
    [root@server1 ~]# yum install mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm -y

![在这里插入图片描述][20190728171441225.png]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
5.编辑mha配置文件

[root@server4 ~]# mkdir /etc/masterha
    [root@server4 ~]# ls
    MHA-7
    [root@server4 ~]# cd /etc/masterha/
    [root@server4 masterha]# ls
    [root@server4 masterha]# 
    [root@server4 masterha]# vim master.cnf
    
    [server default]
    manager_workdir=/etc/masterha
    manager_log=/var/log/masterha.log
    master_binlog_dir=/etc/masterha
    
    password=Szy+123en
    user=root
    ping_interval=1
    remote_workdir=/tmp
    repl_password=Szy+123en
    repl_user=repl
    ssh_user=root
    
    [server1]
    hostname=172.25.16.1
    port=3306
    
    [server2]
    hostname=172.25.16.2
    port=3306
    candidate_master=1
    check_repl_delay=0
    candidate_master=1
    check_repl_delay=0
    
    [server3]
    hostname=172.25.16.3
    port=3306
    no_master=1

6.密钥互相传递

[root@server4 masterha]# scp -r ~/.ssh server1:
    id_rsa                                   100% 1679     5.8KB/s   00:00    
    id_rsa.pub                               100%  394     6.6KB/s   00:00    
    known_hosts                              100%  543   384.3KB/s   00:00    
    [root@server4 masterha]# scp -r ~/.ssh server2:
    id_rsa                                   100% 1679     1.3MB/s   00:00    
    id_rsa.pub                               100%  394   381.2KB/s   00:00    
    known_hosts                              100%  543    58.7KB/s   00:00    
    [root@server4 masterha]# scp -r ~/.ssh server3:
    id_rsa                                   100% 1679     1.1MB/s   00:00    
    id_rsa.pub                               100%  394   349.5KB/s   00:00    
    known_hosts                              100%  543    95.2KB/s   00:00

7.检查ssh是否出错

[root@server4 masterha]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf

server1：

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'Szy+123en';

server2：

mysql> set global read_only=1;

server3：

mysql> set global read_only=1;

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
8.查看mysql的复制情况

[root@server4 masterha]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

## 四.MHA测试 ##

**(1). 手动测试：**

1.关闭server1的mysql

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

2.手动将master节点转换到server2上

[root@server4 masterha]# masterha_master_switch --master_state=dead --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf --dead_master_host=172.25.16.1 --dead_master_port=3306 --new_master_host=172.25.16.2 --new_master_port=3306 
    输入yes yes

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
3.server2查看slave状态为空  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190805232417514.png]  
4.server3查看slave状态（master的ip转到server2）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]5.打开server1的mysql将slave添加进群组

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
    [root@server1 ~]# mysql -pSzy+123en
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.24-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> change master to master_host='172.25.16.2', master_user='repl', master_password='Szy+123en', master_auto_position=1;
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    
    mysql> show slave status\G;
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                   Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                      Master_Host: 172.25.16.2
                      Master_User: repl
                      Master_Port: 3306
                    Connect_Retry: 60
                  Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
              Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3026
                   Relay_Log_File: server1-relay-bin.000002
                    Relay_Log_Pos: 942
            Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000002
                 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
                  Replicate_Do_DB: 
              Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
               Replicate_Do_Table: 
           Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
          Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                       Last_Errno: 0
                       Last_Error: 
                     Skip_Counter: 0
              Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3026
                  Relay_Log_Space: 1151
                  Until_Condition: None
                   Until_Log_File: 
                    Until_Log_Pos: 0
               Master_SSL_Allowed: No
               Master_SSL_CA_File: 
               Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
                  Master_SSL_Cert: 
                Master_SSL_Cipher: 
                   Master_SSL_Key: 
            Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                    Last_IO_Errno: 0
                    Last_IO_Error: 
                   Last_SQL_Errno: 0
                   Last_SQL_Error: 
      Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
                 Master_Server_Id: 2
                      Master_UUID: ef766a82-b783-11e9-a2e0-52540039676f
                 Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                        SQL_Delay: 0
              SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
          Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
               Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                      Master_Bind: 
          Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
         Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
                   Master_SSL_Crl: 
               Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
               Retrieved_Gtid_Set: ef766a82-b783-11e9-a2e0-52540039676f:1-2
                Executed_Gtid_Set: c1d68221-b782-11e9-9293-5254004772f0:1-9,
    ef766a82-b783-11e9-a2e0-52540039676f:1-2
                    Auto_Position: 1
             Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                     Channel_Name: 
               Master_TLS_Version: 
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]  
6.手动将matser转到server1上

[root@server4 masterha]# masterha_master_switch --master_state=alive --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf --new_master_host=172.25.16.1 --new_master_port=3306 --orig_master_is_new_slave --running_updates_limit=1000

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]server1:  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190805234019892.png]  
server2:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]server3:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]  
**(2)自动转换**  
1.在server4下创建一个检测进程，来创建监控master的进程并查看进程，即执行自动转换命令

[root@server4 masterha]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf &> /dev/null &
    [1] 1639
    [root@server4 masterha]# ps a
      PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
     1108 tty1     Ss+    0:00 -bash
     1131 pts/0    Ss     0:00 -bash
     1639 pts/0    S      0:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mas
     1663 pts/0    R+     0:00 ps a

2.关掉server1的mysql

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

3.此时master服务自动调转到server2  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]3.server4中的脚本进程挂掉了  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190805234910613.png]  
**（3）通过脚本控制（通过vip的漂移查看）**  
1.官网下载mha高可用的manager的安装包并且解压  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]2.编辑master\_ip\_failover文件（脚本文件一）

my $vip = '172.25.16.100/24';
    my $key = '1';
    my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ip addr add $vip dev eth0";
    my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ip addr del $vip dev eth0";

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]  
3.编辑master\_ip\_online\_change文件（脚本文件二）

my $vip = '172.25.16.100/24';  # Virtual IP  
    my $key = "1";
    my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ip addr add $vip dev eth0";
    my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ip addr del $vip dev eth0";

![在这里插入图片描述][20190806000439247.png]  
4.将两个脚本文件拷贝到/usr/local/bin目录下，并添加权限

在这里插入代码片[root@server4 scripts]# cp master_ip_* /usr/local/bin/
    [root@server4 scripts]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/master_ip_*
    [root@server4 scripts]# ll /usr/local/bin/
    total 16
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  3802 Aug  5 23:58 master_ip_failover
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10041 Aug  5 23:58 master_ip_online_change

![在这里插入图片描述][20190806000524468.png]  
给server2添加vip172.25.16.100

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23]  
手动转换master到server1上

[root@server4 bin]# masterha_master_switch --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf --master_state=alive --new_master_host=172.25.16.1 --new_master_port=3306 --orig_master_is_new_slave --running_updates_limit=10000

在server1中查看ip，会查看到vip漂移到了server1上  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24]在server4下创建监控master的进程，当master节点宕机，server4会自动执行/usr/local/bin/的两个脚本，两个脚本会自动选择一个新的节点作为master

[root@server4 masterha]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/master.cnf &> /dev/null &
    [root@server4 masterha]# ps a

在server1中关闭mysqld

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

在server3中查看master，发现此时master变成了server2,vip回到server2  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDg4OTYxNg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25]

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