Spring事务演示案例

- 日理万妓 2021-11-11 04:40 294阅读 0赞

### 一、环境搭建 ###

1）、数据库

新建users表

![20190804124049974.png][]

2)、创建maven项目

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

pom需要引入的包：

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
                <version>1.6.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>cglib</groupId>
                <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
                <version>2.1_2</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
                <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
                <version>0.9.5.2</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.37</version>
            </dependency>

配置文件内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.zhq"></context:component-scan>
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
            <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
            <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/study"></property>
            <property name="user" value="root"></property>
            <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager"
              class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager"/>
    </beans>

dao层：

@Repository
    public class UsersDao {
        @Autowired
        private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
        public void addUser(String name,Integer age) {
            String sql="INSERT INTO users(name, age) VALUES(?, ?);";
            jdbcTemplate.update(sql, name,age);
            System.out.println("添加数据成功!.......");
        }
    }

service层：

@Service
    public class UsersService {
    
        @Autowired
        private UsersDao usersDao;
    
        public void add(){
            usersDao.addUser("吴大宝01",18);
            int i=1/0;//故意制造异常
            usersDao.addUser("吴大宝02",20);
            System.out.println("添加用户成功！");
        }
    }

项目启动类app：

public class App {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("transaction.xml");
            UsersService usersService = (UsersService) applicationContext.getBean("usersService");
            usersService.add();
        }
    }

###  二、事务演示 ###

想要的效果：“吴大宝01”和“吴大宝02”要么都成功要么都失败

1）、首次启动未添加事务时

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

只有“吴大宝01”添加成功了

2）、方式一：手工添加事务

自定义事务管理类

/**
     * @program: TransactionDemo
     * @description:
     * @author: hq.zheng
     * @create: 2019-08-04 13:02
     */
    @Component
    public class TransactionManager {
        @Autowired
        private DataSourceTransactionManager manager;
    
        /**
         * 开启事务
         */
        public TransactionStatus begin(){
            //获取事务状态
            TransactionStatus transaction = manager.getTransaction(new DefaultTransactionAttribute());
            return transaction;
        }
    
        /**
         * 提交事务
         * @param transaction
         */
        public void commit(TransactionStatus transaction){
            //提交到数据库
            manager.commit(transaction);
        }
    
        /**
         * 回滚事务
         * @param transaction
         */
        public void rollback(TransactionStatus transaction){
            manager.rollback(transaction);
        }
    }

修改service类添加手工事务

@Service
    public class UsersService {
    
        @Autowired
        private UsersDao usersDao;
    
        @Autowired
        private TransactionManager manager;
    
        public void add(){
            TransactionStatus begin=null;
            try {
                //开启事务
                begin = manager.begin();
    
                usersDao.addUser("吴大宝01",18);
                int i=1/0;//故意制造异常
                usersDao.addUser("吴大宝02",20);
                System.out.println("添加用户成功！");
    
                //提交事务
                manager.commit(begin);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                //发生异常回滚事务
                manager.rollback(begin);
                System.out.println("发生异常回滚事务！");
            } finally {
            }
        }
    }

运行结果

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![20190804132140123.png][]

添加事务成功了，发生异常时“吴大宝01”和“吴大宝02”添加都没有添加成功

去掉异常再测试

![20190804132519165.png][]

运行结果

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

“吴大宝01”和“吴大宝02”同时添加成功

3）、方式二：自动添加事务（XML形式）

配置文件中添加事务增强

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager">
            <tx:attributes>
                <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" />
                <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" />
                <tx:method name="*" read-only="false" />
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>
        
        <aop:config>
            <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhq.service.*.*(..))"
                          id="pt" />
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt" />
        </aop:config>

注意：如果手工try catch了将不执行回滚，有异常外抛才会执行，可以再catch里面加上手动回滚

TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();

4）、方式三：自动添加事务（注解形式）

开启注解事务

<tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager"/>

应用事务，在需要的方法上加@Transactional

@Transactional
        public void add() {
    
            usersDao.addUser("吴大宝01", 18);
            int i=1/0;//故意制造异常
            usersDao.addUser("吴大宝02", 20);
            System.out.println("添加用户成功！");
    
        }

[20190804124049974.png]: /images/20211109/9d46b5f5528b405fa9685973567657a9.png
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[20190804132140123.png]: /images/20211109/5e359441c42c4425869be7977c06475d.png
[20190804132519165.png]: /images/20211109/2dcb85e14640492191b4b84b7e5928b0.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20211109/9bbc0062b738481084c93b67a7c2d936.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3htMzkzMzkyNjI1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20211109/08106af60932483f8f63978740dd85c8.png