spring高级装配-profile

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2021-11-09 06:30 288阅读 0赞

1 配置profile bean

package com.myapp;
    import javax.activation.DataSource;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.profile;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType;
    
    @Configuration
    @Profile("dev")
    public class DevelopmentProfileConfig{
    	@Bean(destoryMethod="shutdown")
    	public DataSource dataSource(){
    		return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
    			.setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2)
    			....
    	}
    }

在上面的例子中只有相应的环境profile激活时,才会创建相应的bean.在Spring3.1中只能在类的级别上使用@Profile注解.从spring3.2版本以后,也可以在方法级别上使用@Profile注解,与Bean一同使用;

package com.myapp;
    import javax.activation.DataSource;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.profile;
    import org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType;
    
    @Configuration
    public class DataSourceConfig {
    	@Bean(destoryMethod="shutdown")
    	@Profile("dev")
    	public DataSource embeddedDataSource(){
    		...
    	}
    	
    	@Bean
    	@Profile("product")
    	public DataSource jndiDataSource(){
    		...
    	}
    	
    }

这里尽管每个datasource bean都被声明在profile中,但是只有相应的profile激活时才会被创建.而没有指定profile的bean始终都会被创建

2 在xml中指定profile

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8">
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" 
    	profile="dev">
    	
    	<jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource">
    		<jdbc:script location="classpath:schema.sql" />
    		<jdbc:script location="classpath:test-data.sql">
    	</jdbc:embedded-database>
    	
    </beans>

与之类似,我们也可以将profile设置成product  
重复使用beans元素指定多个profile

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8">
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" >
    	<beans profile="dev">
    		<jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource">
    			<jdbc:script location="classpath:schema.sql" />
    			<jdbc:script location="classpath:test-data.sql">
    		</jdbc:embedded-database>
    	</beans>
    	
    	<beans profile="prod">
    		<jee:jndi-lookup id="datasource"
    			jndi-name="jdbc/myDataBase"
    			resource-ref="true"
    			proxy-interface="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
    	</beans>
    </beans>

3 激活profile  
spring在确定激活哪个profile时依赖两个独立的属性:spring.profiles.active和spring.profiles.defaut;如果设置了spring.profiles.active那么它的值会用来确定激活哪个profile,如果则取spring.profile.default的值

可以通过如下方式来设置这两个属性:  
作为DispatcherServlet的初始化参数  
作为web应用的上下文参数  
作为JNDI条目  
作为环境变量  
作为jvm的系统属性  
在集成测试类上,使用@ActiveProfiles

在web.xml中设置默认的profile

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8">
    <web-app version="2.5"
    	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
    		http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    		
    	<context-param>
    		<param-name>contextConfiguration</param-name>
    		<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value>
    	</context-param>
    	<context-param>
    		
    		<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
    		<param-value>dev</param-value>
    	</context-param>
    	
    	<servlet>
    		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    		<servlet-class>
    			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    		</servlet-class>
    		<init-param>
    			
    			<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
    			<param-value>dev</param-value>
    		</init-param>
    		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    	</servlet>
    	....

使用profile进行测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    	@ContextConfiguration(class={PersistenceTestConfig.class})
    	@ActiveProfiles("dev")
    	public class PersistenceTest{
    		...
    	}