linux CentOS6.5安装Oracle11g

冷不防 2021-11-05 15:26 386阅读 0赞

# **安装前必读：** #

1.安装Oracle的虚拟机需要固定IP。

2.注意安装过程中root用户与oracle用户的切换（su root/su oracle）

3.环境变量设置、解压与安装Oracle时均需要使用oracle用户。

4.在安装依赖包时需要依赖网络环境，通过yum的方式进行。（如果不能上外网的环境，可以在网上下载好依赖包进行安装；也可以将虚拟机导出到vmware workstations联网进行安装，安装完成后再导出；）

5. Oracle数据库安装包从windows拷贝到linux下可以借助xftp工具，后续我会总结使用方法。

6.关闭防火墙。

7.linux系统注意安装包权限问题，以及是否有执行权限

**环境说明：**

Vmwareworkstations虚拟机环境

Centos6.5

linux.x64\_11gR2\_database\_1of2.zip& linux.x64\_11gR2\_database\_2of2.zip

内存：2G

硬盘空间：40GB

# 安装准备及安装配置： #

## 1.配置虚拟机网络： ##

静态IP（注：重启服务不能启动，可以尝试删除HWADDR MAC地址）

在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts的ifcfg-eth0中，修改并保持如下配置信息：

![/images/20211105/6e0700143c0a48699aa0bff0f47db413.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153452787_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

修改完成后，重启网络服务：

![/images/20211105/7b924dc88dc64a3ebc70f6c19f29402f.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153522303_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 2.修改主机名 ##

（hostname查询当前主机名，vi /etc/sysconfig/network进入后，“i”键进入编辑状态，修改当前主机名为oracledb，修改完成后，ESC退出编辑状态，按住shift+“：”返回终端界面）

\[root@oracledb ~\]\# vi /etc/sysconfig/network

\[root@oracledb ~\]\# shutdown –r now     \#重启生效

![/images/20211105/64a22907353349bcbcac0b2e3d2aee6b.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153544975_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 3.添加主机与IP的对应关系 ##

（不添加后面安装过程可能会报Oracle Net Configuration Assisant failed的错误）

\[root@oracledb ~\]\#vi /etc/hosts

192.168.198.117     oracledb

![/images/20211105/9741ea29e00d4f4ba1f37c02a1cd854d.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153620786_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

最后面一行添加：

![/images/20211105/fd1aa138bb19401faff23f951bae8cdb.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153654054_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 4.创建用户和组 ##

\[root@oracledb ~\]\#

groupadd -g 251 oinstall

groupadd -g 252 dba

useradd -u 256 -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -m oracle

passwd  oracle   \#更改oracle密码

![/images/20211105/8b9bbf72b9434c698511d71629dd4217.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153719882_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 5.修改内核参数 ##

![/images/20211105/707a643b0e014eb893a935d897e48ca3.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153811398_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

\[root@oracledb ~\]\# vi /etc/sysctl.conf  \#末尾添加如下

net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range= 9000 65500

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 10523004

kernel.shmmax = 6465333657

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128

net.core.rmem\_default=262144

net.core.wmem\_default=262144

net.core.rmem\_max=4194304

net.core.wmem\_max=1048576

fs.aio-max-nr= 1048576

红色框选区域为新增部分：

![/images/20211105/f286131f77d1484d88df6c55e58009f8.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153827304_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 6.修改系统资源限制 ##

![/images/20211105/f7819bf0f3ed41d69e4cb7fd170ad7e1.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153909853_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

\[root@oracledb ~\]\# vi /etc/security/limits.conf  \#末尾添加如下

oracle   soft  nproc  2047

oracle   hard  nproc  16384

oracle   soft  nofile  1024

oracle   hard  nofile   65536

新增部分：

![/images/20211105/aedae245c77f46a78cd8c810459383ba.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153952758_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

![/images/20211105/5df79ee859c64879bd154d58d420061e.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154034758_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session    required    pam\_namespace.so  \#在此行下面添加一条pam\_limits.so

*session    required    pam\_limits.so*

![/images/20211105/47d6255783eb44f6a8e03e0b58012eeb.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154102384_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 7.创建安装目录及设置权限 ##

\[root@oracledb ~\]\#

mkdir -p /opt/modules/oracle/app/

mkdir -p /opt/modules/oracle/oradata/

chmod 755 /opt/modules/oracle/

chmod 775 /opt/modules/oracle/app/

chown oracle.oinstall -R /opt/modules/oracle/

![/images/20211105/41284c3615de47299bcc3cfe29c2e555.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154127168_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 8.设置oracle环境变量，注意切换到oracle用户（su oracle）。 ##

![/images/20211105/0470d2fe37a34f22ac380fdee82f3918.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154145915_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

\[oracle@oracledb ~\]$ vi ~/.bash\_profile

export ORACLE\_BASE=/opt/modules/oracle/app

export ORACLE\_HOME=$ORACLE\_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE\_HOME/bin

export ORACLE\_SID=orcl

\[oracle@oracledb ~\]$ source .bash\_profile  \#立即生效

红色框选部分为新增：

![/images/20211105/d668ab1ee1f34538a11fa158706190d0.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154215357_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 9.关闭Selinux(切换回root用户) ##

\[root@oracledb ~\]\#sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config

\[root@oracledb ~\]\#setenforce 0

![/images/20211105/ec2e9bded14e4feeb27fafface8abe38.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154230884_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 10.关闭防火墙 ##

\[root@oracledbvsftpd\]\# service iptables stop \#关闭防火墙

\[root@oracledbvsftpd\]\# chkconfig iptables off \#关闭开机启动

![/images/20211105/57d282b10faa4c6f9ec15c089943aac0.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154251029_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 11.下载安装依赖包（联网环境） ##

\[root@oracledb ~\]\#

yum -y install  gcc gcc-c++ make binutilscompat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcclibstdc++ libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel

yum install -y compat-gcc\* compat-glibc\* compat-libstd\*

（两条命令都执行一下）

![/images/20211105/e9141fdbe9fa48d0bf77c9d4905f5b32.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154324608_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

## 12.安装报错（先执行，不然报错了麻烦） ##

[**Oracle Linux(64****位****)****安装****64****位****Oracle10g****遇到****ins\_ctx.mk****问题**][Oracle Linux_64_64_Oracle10g_ins_ctx.mk]**，提示如下：**

Error in invoking target 'install' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome\_1/ctx/lib/ins\_ctx.mk'.

See '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2014-01-11\_12-44-52PM.log' for details;

原因所在：Linux没有安装32位的glibc-devel包。于是检查一下是否没有安装32位的glibc-devel包。

rpm --all --query --queryformat "%\{NAME\}-%\{VERSION\}-%\{RELEASE\}-(%\{ARCH\})\\n" | grep glibc

![20190807140014719.png][]

都是64位的，下面安装32位的包：

yum install glibc-devel.i686

在执行下面这条语句，把其他依赖自动加载安装：

yum install -y compat-gcc\* compat-glibc\* compat-libstd\*

（如果安装中报这个错，先终止退出安装，在按照上面的解决方法。之后重新开始安装）

# 开始安装（切换到oracle用户）： #

### 解压安装包（注意权限问题）： ###

\[oracle@oracledb~\]\#unzip linux.x64\_11gR2\_database\_1of2.zip

\[oracle@oracledb~\]\#unzip linux.x64\_11gR2\_database\_2of2.zip

（没有unzip命令，则使用yum install -y unzip zip安装）

进入图形界面，打开命令窗口，执行export LANG=en\_US.UTF-8（否则会出现乱码）。然后在当前窗口中执行：进入到你的安装包目录，执行  ./run/runInstaller 脚本开始安装。

![/images/20211105/10b1b47e472444f1ab745a128f7cdcd7.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154605127_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

***1.******不要输入Email地址，直接next***

![/images/20211105/85207550ae864af2ad33a692a72389bb.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018222946265_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***2.******选择安装数据库软件并创建数据，******然后next***

![/images/20211105/2b975a26ce244d8888ff4a51d585852c.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223009453_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***3.******选择服务器版本，如图，点击******next***

![/images/20211105/dd8f43005a854cdc91c6bfe7fc88a876.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223414965_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***4.******单例数据库，如图，点击******next***

![/images/20211105/e55e7d8e46934923a7c2acc1fb0fadab.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223049125_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***5.******高级模式安装，如图，点击******next***

![/images/20211105/98c1142d125a4fd2bb371f0c10e86fc9.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223454480_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***6.******添加支持的语言，如图，点击******next***

![/images/20211105/ce3e6891bd0b49cabe6b5952c03431ae.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223512155_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***7.******选择要安装的版本，如图，点击******next***

![/images/20211105/5e7af0a047e14bb1af0b1452766ab995.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223530173_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***8.******安装数据库目录，如图（/opt/modules/oracle/app），点击******next***

![/images/20211105/9a4f8c3c532d4934abfb40cb260a9e93.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223202250_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

***9.******创建详细目录,默认，next***

![/images/20211105/f6c518c9cf5a491ba3f8913cbae0c3f6.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223606661_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

10.***选择配置类型,默认，next***

![/images/20211105/b9574ff06efa4332831b6340d7086336.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223445593_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

11.***数据库与服务名,默认，next***

![/images/20211105/d58ac3fa38164624b3606aed3890af72.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223504796_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

12.***开启自动内存管理（如果512m太大，会出现提示，减少一些就可以），然后先不要点击next，而是点击******Memory******旁边的******Charactor sets******选项。***

![/images/20211105/62e285a3c1e44ca8b5e3a1ca613bf0f0.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223916108_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

13.***设置默认编码为UTF8，next***

![/images/20211105/9ec4c794a186427a821bdfea2f294938.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223545234_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

14.***启用oracle企业管理控制台OEM,默认，next***

![/images/20211105/a0785436107245be8035a9345b94b5d0.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223945077_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

15.***选择数据库文件目录,默认，next***

![/images/20211105/056e0638803846c88e57587948234cbf.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018224011800_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

16.***自动备份设置,默认，next***![/images/20211105/9863f168ca2941c9b117cbeacbdfc5cc.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223646593_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

17.***设置数据库用户名和密码，他是有一个密码建议的，否则会提示错误，密码建议是包含大写和小写字母，总长度不能低于8位。***

![/images/20211105/8c78363ae170405887d0b4f215384ee6.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223707281_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

18.***授权的组,默认，next***

![/images/20211105/2982c73f4622496ca6eb648b0aaef856.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018224112906_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

19.***检查oracle一些安装要求，包都已经安装，直接忽略（前面都已经安装过了，这里的可以忽略）***

![/images/20211105/33762415d5eb4e2b9102c63e08139998.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018224130690_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

20.开始安装（速度比较慢，耐心等待，喝杯咖啡）

![/images/20211105/b4d17b198abe4cc18b72c5bf69c4992a.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223808296_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

21.安装完成！

![/images/20211105/1bfd308643aa41e9bfc04a40ebca5f56.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20141018223853359_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvajc1NDM3OTExNw_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_SouthEast]

安装完成后，会出来一个对话框，提示使用root用户执行这两个脚本

![/images/20211105/06796cbd02cb4c478b6fb126cf40d85f.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154643643_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

在终端切换至root用户，运行界面提示的两个脚本（root.sh运行时要求替换的选择Y全部覆盖即可）

### 安装完成，测试连接： ###

\[oracle@oracledb~\]\#sqlplus sys

![/images/20211105/acd195cb3a4a4d9b91f231223275b67c.png][https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418154718003_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]

\#至此数据库已经开启，然后就可以操作数据库了！

SQL> shutdown immediate \#关闭数据库实例

SQL> select \* from tab; \#查看所有表

SQL> select name from v$datafile \#查看数据库存放目录

SQL> show parameter service \#查看服务名

SQL> select \* from v$instance; \#查看实例名

SQL> select name from v$database; \#查看数据库名

SQL> select \* fromdba\_users; \#查看所有用户信息

SQL> select username,password from dba\_users; \#只查询用户和密码

SQL> select \* fromv$pwfile\_users; \#查看具有sysdba权限的用户

SQL> select \* fromdba\_ustats; \#查看当前用户信息

SQL> select \* fromuser\_sys\_privs \#查看当前用户系统权限

SQL> select \* fromuser\_role\_privs \#查看当前用户角色

SQL> select \* fromdba\_sys\_privs \#查看指定用户所具有的系统权限

SQL> select \* fromv$version \#查看oracle版本

SQL> select \* fromuser\_views \#查看视图信息

\[root@oracledb ~\]\# lsnrctl start \#开启远程监听端口

# Linux下启动Oracle #

Linux下启动Oracle分为两步：

1）启动监听；

2）启动数据库实例；

1.登录服务器，切换到oracle用户，或者以oracle用户登录

\[admin@dataserver ~\]$ su \- oracle

密码：

\[oracle@dataserver ~\]$

2.打开监听服务

\[oracle@localhost ~\]$ lsnrctl start

可以通过lsnrctl status命令查看Oracle监听器运行状况

\[oracle@localhost ~\]$ lsnrctl status

3.以SYS用户身份登录Oracle

\[oracle@localhost ~\]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL\*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Dec 1 23:29:19 2017

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

切换用户：

CONN 用户名/密码 \[AS SYSDBA\]，如果是sys用户一定要写上AS　SYSDBA

4.通过startup命令启动实例

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System  
... ...  
Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

二、Linux下关闭Oracle

1.关闭数据库实例

SQL> shutdown

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.  
SQL> quit  
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production  
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

2.关闭监听器

\[oracle@localhost ~\]$ lsnrctl stop

参考：

Linux下启动oracle：

https://blog.csdn.net/loongshawn/article/details/51162196

[https_img-blog.csdn.net_20160418153452787_watermark_2_text_aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv_font_5a6L5L2T_fontsize_400_fill_I0JBQkFCMA_dissolve_70_gravity_Center]: /images/20211105/6e0700143c0a48699aa0bff0f47db413.png
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[Oracle Linux_64_64_Oracle10g_ins_ctx.mk]: http://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/p/3519446.html
[20190807140014719.png]: /images/20211105/b1c373f9f735452b9afd0e09af6936a0.png
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