idea建立一个maven项目

我不是女神ヾ 2021-10-23 21:56 512阅读 0赞

前言：虽然之前实习的时候有过[spring][]框架的实践，但是因为基本上都是在已有的基础上进行修修补补，并没有对Spring框架有深刻的理解。所以从今天起，要从零开始对Spring框架进行学习。在此之前，第一步是创建一个web项目。

说明：这里博主用的是Intellij IDEA、maven、tomcat作为开发工具。相关应用的安装和配置请参考网上教程。下面进行图文步骤演示。

一、打开idea，查看左上方工具栏，依次点击File->New->Project。此时弹出一个窗口，在左边栏选择Maven，稍等一段时间加载之后，右侧会出现一列archetype。勾选Create from archtype，找到并选择org.apache.maven.archtypes:maven-archtype-webapp，点击Next。

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTEyNzAyNDExP3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

二、填写这个maven项目的GroupId，ArtifactId，Version信息。这是标识maven项目的三维坐标。点击Next

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTEyODU3NzQwP3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

三、这一步就很关键了。上面是maven的根目录、settings.xml文件和本地仓库的位置，这些不必过多理睬，路径也因人而异。下面的是一些属性，除了已有的6个，我们需要添加一个archetypeCatalog=internal。这个参数的意义是让这个maven项目的骨架不要到远程下载而是本地获取。如果你没加这个参数，那么项目创建可能在卡在downloading maven plugins...继续点击Next

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTEzMTU3ODE5P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

四、为项目命名，点击Finish，项目一瞬间就创建好了！

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTEzODM4NTI1P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

五、查看项目的结构，可以发现，web应用该有的已经都有了。至此，maven web项目创建完毕，接下来看看如何进行编译打包部署。

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTE0NTIyMzg3P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTE1MDEzMDE0P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

六、直接在idea左下的Terminal终端输入mvn install，编译打包成功，显示BUILD SUCCESS字样。重新查看项目的目录，我们发现项目根目录下面多了target目录，该目录下也打出了war包。

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTExMDAwNjA2P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTE1NTQyMzc1P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTE1NjMyMTA1P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

七、将应用部署到tomcat服务器。这里采用两种部署的方法，可以任选一个。

方法一：

将上面提到的taget目录下的spring.war包放到tomcat安装目录的webapps的目录下。使用命令行（cmd）切换到tomcat安装目录的bin目录下，执行startup.bat脚本，执行之后tomcat会部署webapps目录下的应用war包。稍等应用部署完毕之后，打开浏览器，输入localhost:8080/spring，可以看到输出了Hello World!。如图：

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTY0MTI5MzE5P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMjEzOTU1Mjg2P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTY0MzMzMjEzP3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

方法二：

直接使用idea对tomcat进行配置和对应用进行部署。找到工具栏Run->Edit Configurations...选择工具符号，找到Tomcat->Local，进行相应配置（主要是配置tomcat的安装目录），选择Deployment->'+'，选择spring.war作为部署包。然后就可以启动了，效果是一样一样的。

![aHR0cDovL2ltZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0LzIwMTYxMDIyMTY0OTM1MDM0P3dhdGVybWFyay8yL3RleHQvYUhSMGNEb3ZMMkpzYjJjdVkzTmtiaTV1WlhRdi9mb250LzVhNkw1TDJUL2ZvbnRzaXplLzQwMC9maWxsL0kwSkJRa0ZDTUE9PS9kaXNzb2x2ZS83MC9ncmF2aXR5L0NlbnRlcg][]

转载：[https://www.cnblogs.com/Eilen/p/6604411.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_Eilen_p_6604411.html]

[spring]: http://lib.csdn.net/base/javaee
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[https_www.cnblogs.com_Eilen_p_6604411.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/Eilen/p/6604411.html