ES 总结（二）以及实践搜索优化

谁践踏了优雅 2021-10-14 23:19 567阅读 0赞

**目录**

ES组成

springboot整合ES

detail

@Field

调用方法

版本

es 索引客户端

理论

匹配查询

实践

目的

文章索引

文章dao类

新建索引

插入假数据

查询数据

字段权重

当label标签权重大的搜索结果

当title标题权重大的搜索结果

精确查询

github

下一篇：配置停词还有同义词

--------------------

# ES组成 #

indexes->Document->type(类似表)->Field

# springboot整合ES #

之前写过[这篇博客][Link 1]

## detail ##

TestRepository

public interface ItemRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Item,Long> {
    
        List<Item> findByWeightsBetween(double price1, double price2);
    
        List<Item> findByCategoryOrderByWeights(String category);
    
    }

类似jpa的Repository

## @Field ##

中文分词

analyzer = "ik_max_word"

FieldType.Text支持全文搜索，所以可以进行分词

FieldType.Keyword支持精确查询，不支持分词，支持聚合等等

## 调用方法 ##

参考[这一篇][Link 2] ，比较简单实现

## 版本 ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>demo</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.54</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>

版本还要跟客户端es版本进行匹配

# es 索引客户端 #

Elasticsearch-head [https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head][https_github.com_mobz_elasticsearch-head]

安装看下[这一篇][Link 3]

看下es配置elasticsearch.yml

在最下面加了

http.cors.enabled: true 
    http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
    node.master: true
    node.data: true

Elasticsearch-head安装文章进行安装即可。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODMzNjY1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# 理论 #

由于想要通过个人化进行搜索文章的需求，后面发现es解决不了，还是得上算法解决。

可以用到标签的智能化应用[https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/stopwords-relavance.html][https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_guide_current_stopwords-relavance.html]

# 匹配查询 #

@Test
        public void a(){
            QueryBuilder queryBuilder= QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
                    //.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("title","鸡胸").minimumShouldMatch("100%"));
                    .must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("category","吃货"));
            //请求精度QueryBuilders.matchQuery("category","吃").minimumShouldMatch()
    
            SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder()
                    .withQuery(queryBuilder)
                    .build();
    
            // 搜索，获取结果
            Page<Item> items = this.itemRepository.search(searchQuery);
            // 总条数
            long total = items.getTotalElements();
            System.out.println("总条数 = " + total);
            // 总页数
            System.out.println("总页数 = " + items.getTotalPages());
            // 当前页
            System.out.println("当前页：" + items.getNumber());
            // 每页大小
            System.out.println("每页大小：" + items.getSize());
    
            for (Item item : items) {
                System.out.println(JSON.toJSON(item));
            }
        }

es支持的[各类匹配查询][Link 4] ，上面是match查询，会进行分词查询。

minimumShouldMatch通过这个提高匹配程度，一般提到100%就是完全匹配,其他数值都跟不设置一毛一样。

QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must ->and功能，必须匹配到这一项

QueryBuilders.boolQuery().should ->or功能，可能会匹配到

boost的方法进行修改字段权重

# 实践 #

## 目的 ##

为了实现用户搜索对标签的匹配度，搜索到更接近的文章，这里使用es的相似度算法

### 文章索引 ###

@Data
    @Document(indexName = "article", type = "docs", shards = 1, replicas = 0)
    public class Article {
    
        @Id
        private Long id;
    
        /**
         * 标题
         */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
        private String title;
    
        /**
         * 标签
         */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
        private String label;
    
        /**
         * 文章id
         */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Long)
        private Long articleId;
    
    }

### 文章dao类 ###

public interface ArticleRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Article, Long> {
    }

### 新建索引 ###

@Resource
        ElasticsearchTemplate esTemplate;
    
        @Test
        public void insert() {
            esTemplate.createIndex(Article.class);
        }

### 插入假数据 ###

@Resource
        ArticleRepository articleRepository;
    
        @Test
        public void insertxx() {
            List<Article> list = new ArrayList<>();
            String[] titles = {"美妆", "护肤", "口红", "眼影", "粉底液", "遮瑕液", "眼霜", "亮白", "清洁", "肿眼泡", "发型", "大小眼","底妆","懂彩妆","爱种草","单眼皮",
                                "礼物","好物分享","上新","内双"};
            String[] labels = {"脸基尼、DIY面膜…当代护肤迷惑行为大赏，笑skr人", "完子护肤Q&A:根据肤质选择适合自己的卸妆产品", "超全眼型大解析 | 眼妆一直画不好，原来是因为这个！",
                    "分情况选择适合自己的面膜", "如何选择适合自己的卸妆产品", "学会堪比微整，化妆师最怕被偷师的7个技巧", "变美不用挨针！如何用最高性价比的单品，get水光肌？",
                    "涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！", "全民沉迷哪吒仿妆？我却被这些超实用的清透眼妆圈粉了！", "敏感星人最爱的“全能”成分，补水修复舒缓一步到位！"
                    ,"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","如何用最高性价比的单品，get水光肌","气味贩卖 | 哪一种味道，能让ta立刻注意到你"
                    ,"人无完人","拯救黄皮 | 什么妆容适合黄皮？看这篇教科书级示范~","6月减肉难题 | 带妆运动是作死还是精致，终于有了答案","当代忙碌女青年的夏天，请一切从简"
                    ,"美到报警的12色动物盘，全4盘眼妆笔记"};
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                Article article = new Article();
                article.setId(IdUtils.getId());
                article.setTitle(titles[getRandom(titles.length)]+","+titles[getRandom(titles.length)]);
                article.setArticleId(IdUtils.getId());
                article.setLabel(labels[getRandom(labels.length)]);
                list.add(article);
            }
            // 接收对象集合，实现批量新增
            articleRepository.saveAll(list);
        }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODMzNjY1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 查询数据 ##

模拟下用户搜索，我们需要定义一下规则，举个栗子：标题大于标签

@Test
        public void a() {
            QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
                    //.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("title","鸡胸").minimumShouldMatch("100%"));
                    .should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("title", "斩男"))
                    .should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("label", "斩男").boost(5));
            //请求精度QueryBuilders.matchQuery("category","吃").minimumShouldMatch()
    
            SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder()
                    .withQuery(queryBuilder)
                    .build();
    
            // 搜索，获取结果
            Page<Article> articles = this.articleRepository.search(searchQuery);
            // 总条数
            long total = articles.getTotalElements();
            System.out.println("总条数 = " + total);
            // 总页数
            System.out.println("总页数 = " + articles.getTotalPages());
            // 当前页
            System.out.println("当前页：" + articles.getNumber());
            // 每页大小
            System.out.println("每页大小：" + articles.getSize());
    
            for (Article article : articles) {
                System.out.println(JSON.toJSON(article));
            }
        }

由于才有分词，**minimumShouldMatch()**方法可以提高匹配度，在**100%**的时候是**精准查询**，其他的都是**全文搜索**

如果我们需要查询两个字段需要使用QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().should 如果是must方法的话，显示结果都会出现在最前面，后面的权重失去了意义。

### 字段权重 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODMzNjY1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

设置字段权重，5的话权重会大很多，一般boost默认为1

### 当label标签权重大的搜索结果 ###

{"articleId":6568011881606291459,"id":6568011881606291458,"label":"涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！","title":"美妆,眼影"}
    {"articleId":6568011881606291513,"id":6568011881606291512,"label":"涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！","title":"懂彩妆,粉底液"}
    {"articleId":6568011881937641490,"id":6568011881937641489,"label":"涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！","title":"大小眼,发型"}
    {"articleId":6568011881606291493,"id":6568011881606291492,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"发型,粉底液"}
    {"articleId":6568011881610485773,"id":6568011881610485772,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"粉底液,懂彩妆"}
    {"articleId":6568011881610485809,"id":6568011881610485808,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"亮白,口红"}
    {"articleId":6568011881610485821,"id":6568011881610485820,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"上新,内双"}
    {"articleId":6568045942815072257,"id":6568045942815072256,"label":"按司农爱上你才送","title":"斩男"}

### 当title标题权重大的搜索结果 ###

{"articleId":6568045942815072257,"id":6568045942815072256,"label":"按司农爱上你才送","title":"斩男"}
    {"articleId":6568011881606291459,"id":6568011881606291458,"label":"涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！","title":"美妆,眼影"}
    {"articleId":6568011881606291513,"id":6568011881606291512,"label":"涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！","title":"懂彩妆,粉底液"}
    {"articleId":6568011881937641490,"id":6568011881937641489,"label":"涨姿势 | 斩男必备的眼唇配色小心机，让你妆容美到犯规！","title":"大小眼,发型"}
    {"articleId":6568011881606291493,"id":6568011881606291492,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"发型,粉底液"}
    {"articleId":6568011881610485773,"id":6568011881610485772,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"粉底液,懂彩妆"}
    {"articleId":6568011881610485809,"id":6568011881610485808,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"亮白,口红"}
    {"articleId":6568011881610485821,"id":6568011881610485820,"label":"十分钟出门妆 | 直男无法分辨的超自然伪素颜！","title":"上新,内双"}

可以发现结果是不一样的，因为字段的权重设置不一样

### 精确查询 ###

QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
                    .should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("title", "斩男"))
                    .should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("label", "斩男").minimumShouldMatch("100%"));

**结果**

到此实现了根据用户搜索的词语进行权重查询

## github ##

[https://github.com/dajitui/es\_weight\_test][https_github.com_dajitui_es_weight_test]或者[点这里][https_github.com_dajitui_es_weight_test]

# 下一篇：配置停词还有同义词 #

[点我哦][Link 5]

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38336658/article/details/84996731
[Link 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/chen_2890/article/details/83895646
[https_github.com_mobz_elasticsearch-head]: https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head
[Link 3]: https://blog.csdn.net/chen_2890/article/details/83757022
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODMzNjY1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211015/c10942bc43094a479f6bda4da261f67b.png
[https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_guide_current_stopwords-relavance.html]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/stopwords-relavance.html
[Link 4]: https://www.cnblogs.com/ljhdo/p/4577065.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODMzNjY1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211015/7cbf728d58e047b595dda36c1fb88172.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODMzNjY1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211015/b161b4630c3b42f0a9166af187f737bd.png
[https_github.com_dajitui_es_weight_test]: https://github.com/dajitui/es_weight_test
[Link 5]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38336658/article/details/99704453