python学习笔记(十二)-网络编程

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2021-09-30 13:42 325阅读 0赞

本文结束使用 Requests 发送网络请求。requests是一个很实用的Python HTTP客户端库，编写爬虫和测试服务器响应数据时经常会用到。可以说，Requests 完全满足如今网络的需求。

安装方式一般采用$ pip install requests。  
一开始要导入 Requests 模块：  
import requests

# 发送get请求 #

url = '[http://api.xxx.com/api/user/stu\_info?stu\_name=小黑马][http_api.xxx.com_api_user_stu_info_stu_name]'  
req = requests.get(url) \#发送get请求  
print(req.text) \#获取结果  
print(req.json()) \#获取结果直接就是字典，必须返回的是json串，才能用.json方法。

# 发送post请求 #

url = '[http://api.xxx.com/api/user/login][http_api.xxx.com_api_user_login]'  
data = \{'username':'xiaohei','passwd':'aA123456'\}  
req = requests.post(url,data) \#发送post请求，第一个参数是url，第二个参数是请求的数据  
print(req.json())

# 入参是json的 #

url = '[http://api.xxx.com/api/user/add\_stu][http_api.xxx.com_api_user_add_stu]'  
data = \{'name':'丁飞','grade':'巨蟹座','phone':31971891223\}  
req = requests.post(url,json=data) \#发送post请求，第一个参数是url，第二个参数是请求的数据  
print(req.json())

# 添加cookie #

url = '[http://api.xxx.com/api/user/gold\_add][http_api.xxx.com_api_user_gold_add]'  
data = \{'stu\_id':231,'gold':1000\}  
cookie = \{'xiaohei':'6d195100b95a43046d2e385835c6e2c2'\}  
req = requests.post(url,data,cookies=cookie)  
print(req.json())

# 添加header #

url='[http://api.xxx.com/api/user/all\_stu][http_api.xxx.com_api_user_all_stu]'  
mpp = \{'Referer':'[http://api.xxx.com/][http_api.xxx.com]','User-Agent':'Chore'\}  
res = requests.get(url,headers=mpp)  
print(res.json())

# 上传文件 #

url = '[http://api.xxx.com/api/file/file\_upload][http_api.xxx.com_api_file_file_upload]'  
f = open(r'C:\\Users\\bjxiaohei\\Desktop\\ad.cpm.schedulingInfo.v1.json','rb')  
r = requests.post(url,files=\{'file':f\})  
print(r.json())

# 下载文件 #

url= '[http://www.besttest.cn/data/upload/201710/f\_36b1c59ecf3b8ff5b0acaf2ea42bafe0.jpg][http_www.besttest.cn_data_upload_201710_f_36b1c59ecf3b8ff5b0acaf2ea42bafe0.jpg]'  
r = requests.get(url)  
print(r.status\_code) \#获取请求的状态码  
print(r.content) \#获取返回结果二进制格式的  
fw = open(r'bt.jpg','wb')  
fw.write(r.content)  
fw.close()

# 保存网页 #

url = '[http://www.xxx.com/archives/630][http_www.xxx.com_archives_630]'  
r = requests.get(url)  
f = open('xxx.html','wb')  
f.write(r.content)  
f.close()

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lincy/p/8395084.html

[http_api.xxx.com_api_user_stu_info_stu_name]: http://api.xxx.com/api/user/stu_info?stu_name=%E5%B0%8F%E9%BB%91%E9%A9%AC
[http_api.xxx.com_api_user_login]: http://api.xxx.com/api/user/login
[http_api.xxx.com_api_user_add_stu]: http://api.xxx.com/api/user/add_stu
[http_api.xxx.com_api_user_gold_add]: http://api.xxx.com/api/user/gold_add
[http_api.xxx.com_api_user_all_stu]: http://api.xxx.com/api/user/all_stu
[http_api.xxx.com]: http://api.xxx.com/
[http_api.xxx.com_api_file_file_upload]: http://api.xxx.com/api/file/file_upload
[http_www.besttest.cn_data_upload_201710_f_36b1c59ecf3b8ff5b0acaf2ea42bafe0.jpg]: http://www.besttest.cn/data/upload/201710/f_36b1c59ecf3b8ff5b0acaf2ea42bafe0.jpg
[http_www.xxx.com_archives_630]: http://www.xxx.com/archives/630