python生成随机数、随机字符、随机字符串

- 日理万妓 2021-09-28 22:52 509阅读 0赞

# python生成随机数、随机字符、随机字符串 #

本文是基于Windows 10系统环境，实现python生成随机数、随机字符、随机字符串：

*  **Windows 10**
 *  **[PyCharm 2018.3.5 for Windows (exe)][PyCharm 2018.3.5 for Windows _exe]**
 *  **[python 3.6.8 Windows x86 executable installer][]**

--------------------

### (1) 生成随机数 ###

*  **随机整数**

import random
    
    num = random.randint(1, 50) # 闭区间
    print(num)

*  **随机选取0到100间的偶数**

import random
    
    num = random.randrange(0, 101, 2) # 左闭右开区间
    print(num)

*  **随机浮点数**

import random
    
    num = random.random() # 生成0-1之间的随机浮点数
    num2 = random.uniform(1, 10) # 生成的随机浮点数归一化到区间1-10
    print(num)
    print(num2)

### (2) 生成随机字符 ###

*  **随机字符**

import random
    
    alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz!@#$%^&*()'
    char = random.choice(alphabet)
    print(char)

### (3) 生成随机字符串 ###

*  **生成指定数量的随机字符串**

import random
    
    alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz!@#$%^&*()'
    characters = random.sample(alphabet, 5)
    print(characters)

*  **从a-zA-Z0-9生成指定数量的随机字符**

import random
    import string
    
    value = ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 8))
    print(value)

*  **随机选取字符串**

import random
    
    table = ['剪刀', '石头', '布']
    print(random.choice(table))

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[PyCharm 2018.3.5 for Windows _exe]: https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download/previous.html
[python 3.6.8 Windows x86 executable installer]: https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/