Python3: smtplib 模块 - SMTP 协议发送邮件

怼烎@ 2021-09-21 23:02 880阅读 0赞

本文链接: [https://blog.csdn.net/xietansheng/article/details/115559036][https_blog.csdn.net_xietansheng_article_details_115559036]

[Python3 学习笔记（目录）][Python3]

Python 邮件发送相关文档:

*  smtplib — SMTP协议客户端: [smtplib — SMTP protocol client][smtplib _ SMTP protocol client]
 *  email — 电子邮件与 MIME 处理包: [email — An email and MIME handling package][email _ An email and MIME handling package]
 *  email.message — 表示一封电子邮件信息: [email.message — Representing an email message][email.message _ Representing an email message]
 *  email 示例: [email: Examples][email_ Examples]

# 1. 创建一封简单邮件 #

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.header import Header
    
    # 创建一封内容为文本的邮件
    message = MIMEText("Hello World.\n你好，世界。", "plain", "utf-8")
    
    # 设置邮件主题
    message["Subject"] = Header("测试邮件主题", "utf-8")
    
    # 设置邮件发件人名称
    message["From"] = Header("发件人名称", "utf-8")
    
    # 设置邮件收件人名称（可设置多个）
    message["To"] = Header("收件人名称一", "utf-8")
    message["To"] = Header("收件人名称二", "utf-8")
    
    # 设置邮件抄送人名称（可设置多个）
    message["Cc"] = Header("抄送人名称", "utf-8")
    
    # 设置邮件密送人名称（可设置多个）
    message["Bcc"] = Header("密送人名称", "utf-8")
    
    # 编码邮件（作为文本输出到控制台）
    print(message.as_string())
    
    # 也可以将邮件内容保存为文件（保存后可以用本地的邮件客户端打开查看）
    with open("test.eml", "wb") as f:
        f.write(message.as_bytes())

控制台输出:

Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
    MIME-Version: 1.0
    Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
    Subject: =?utf-8?b?5rWL6K+V6YKu5Lu25Li76aKY?=
    From: =?utf-8?b?5Y+R5Lu25Lq65ZCN56ew?=
    To: =?utf-8?b?5pS25Lu25Lq65ZCN56ew5LiA?=
    To: =?utf-8?b?5pS25Lu25Lq65ZCN56ew5LqM?=
    Cc: =?utf-8?b?5oqE6YCB5Lq65ZCN56ew?=
    Bcc: =?utf-8?b?5a+G6YCB5Lq65ZCN56ew?=
    
    SGVsbG8gV29ybGQuCuS9oOWlve+8jOS4lueVjOOAgg==

# 2. 创建包含附件的邮件 #

from email.header import Header
 from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
 from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
 from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
 
 # 创建一封包含不同节点内容的邮件
 message = MIMEMultipart()
 message["Subject"] = Header("测试邮件主题", "utf-8")
 message["From"] = Header("发件人名称", "utf-8")
 message["To"] = Header("收件人名称", "utf-8")
 
 # 添加 html 文本内容
 msg_html_text = """ Python 邮件发送测试 。。。 <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/xietansheng">我的博客</a> 内容中显示图片: <img src="cid:img1"> Hello World """
 text = MIMEText(msg_html_text, "html", "utf-8")
 message.attach(text)
 
 # 添加附件
 with open("aa.txt", "rb") as f:
 attachment = MIMEApplication(f.read())
 attachment["Content-Type"] = "application/octet-stream"
 attachment["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename=\"aa.txt\""
 message.attach(attachment)
 
 # 添加图片节点（关联到 HTML 文本中被引用）
 with open("bb.jpg", "rb") as f:
 image = MIMEImage(f.read())
 # 定义图片 ID， 在 HTML 文本中引用
 image.add_header('Content-ID', '<img1>')
 message.attach(image)
 
 # 保存邮件到本地查看
 with open("test.eml", "wb") as f:
 f.write(message.as_bytes())

# 3. 发送邮件 #

import smtplib
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.header import Header
    
    smtp_host = "smtp.xxx.com"                      # 邮件 SMTP 服务器地址
    mail_user = "mymail@qq.com"                     # 用户名
    mail_password = "xxxxxx"                        # 口令
    
    from_addr = "mymail@qq.com"                     # 发件人邮箱
    to_addrs = ["to001@qq.com", "to002@163.com"]    # 收件人邮箱列表（可同时发个多个人）
    
    # 创建一封邮件
    message = MIMEText("Hello World.\n你好，世界。", "plain", "utf-8")
    
    # 设置 主题、收件人、发件人
    message["Subject"] = Header("测试邮件主题", "utf-8")
    message["From"] = Header(from_addr, "utf-8")
    for to_addr in to_addrs:
        message["To"] = Header(to_addr, "utf-8")
    # OR: message["To"] = Header(",".join(to_addrs), "utf-8")
    
    # 连接服务器发送邮件
    try:
        # 创建 SMTP 客户端对象, 端口默认为 port=25
        smtp = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_host)
        
        # 如果 SMTP 邮件服务器支持 SSL, 可以使用 SSL 加密通讯,
        # 创建 SMTP_SSL 客户端, SMTP 的 SSL 端口一般为 465
        # smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_host, 465)
        
        # 设置为 DEBUG 模式（可以查看到详细的日志信息）
        smtp.set_debuglevel(True)
    
        # 登录邮件服务器
        smtp.login(mail_user, mail_password)
    
        # 发送邮件
        smtp.sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, message.as_string())
    
        # 关闭 SMTP 客户端
        smtp.close()
    
        print("邮件发送成功")
    
    except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
        print("邮件发送失败:", e)

[https_blog.csdn.net_xietansheng_article_details_115559036]: https://blog.csdn.net/xietansheng/article/details/115559036
[Python3]: https://blog.csdn.net/xietansheng/article/details/109266600
[smtplib _ SMTP protocol client]: https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/smtplib.html
[email _ An email and MIME handling package]: https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/email.html
[email.message _ Representing an email message]: https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/email.message.html
[email_ Examples]: https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/email.examples.html