C#动态生成XML

小灰灰 2021-09-18 15:14 274阅读 0赞

通过C\#动态生成图书信息XML文件（Books.xml），文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
    <bookstore>
    
      <book id="1" category="CHILDREN">
        <title>Harry Potter</title>
        <author>J K. Rowling</author>
        <publishDate>2005-08-15</publishDate>
        <price>29.99</price>
      </book>
    
      <book id="2" category="WEB">
        <title>Learning XML</title>
        <author>Erik T. Ray</author>
        <publishDate>2003-10-18</publishDate>
        <price>39.95</price>
      </book>
    
    </bookstore>

**1、方法1：使用StringBuilder拼接XML**

/// <summary>
    /// 创建图书信息XML
    /// </summary>
    public void CreateBookXML(string fileName)
    {
        StringBuilder xmlResult = new StringBuilder("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");
        List<BookInfo> bookList = GetBookList();    //获取图书列表
        if (bookList != null && bookList.Count > 0)
        {
            xmlResult.Append("<bookstore>");
            foreach (BookInfo book in bookList)
            {
                xmlResult.AppendFormat("<book id=\"{0}\" category=\"{1}\">", book.BookId, book.Category);
                xmlResult.AppendFormat("<title>{0}</title>", book.Title);
                xmlResult.AppendFormat("<author>{0}</author>", book.Author);
                xmlResult.AppendFormat("<publishDate>{0}</publishDate>", book.PublishDate.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
                xmlResult.AppendFormat("<price>{0}</price>", book.Price);
                xmlResult.Append("</book>");
            }
            xmlResult.Append("</bookstore>");
        }
    
        //写入文件
        try
        {
            //1.创建文件流  
            FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
            //2.创建写入器  
            StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(fileStream);
            //3.将内容写入文件  
            streamWriter.WriteLine(xmlResult);
            //4.关闭写入器  
            streamWriter.Close();
            //5.关闭文件流  
            fileStream.Close();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        { }
    }

**2、 方法2：使用XmlTextWriter类创建XML**

/// <summary>
    /// 创建图书信息XML
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="fileName"></param>
    public void CreateBookXML(string fileName)
    {
        try
        {
            FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
            XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(fileStream, Encoding.UTF8);
            List<BookInfo> bookList = GetBookList();    //获取图书列表
            if (bookList != null && bookList.Count > 0)
            {
                writer.WriteStartDocument();
                writer.WriteStartElement("bookstore");    //创建父节点
                foreach (BookInfo book in bookList)
                {
                    writer.WriteStartElement("book");    //创建子节点
                    writer.WriteAttributeString("id", book.BookId.ToString());    //添加属性
                    writer.WriteAttributeString("category", book.Category);
                    //图书名称节点
                    writer.WriteStartElement("title");
                    writer.WriteValue(book.Title);    //节点赋值
                    writer.WriteEndElement();
                    //图书作者节点
                    writer.WriteStartElement("author");
                    writer.WriteValue(book.Author);
                    writer.WriteEndElement();
                    //出版时间节点
                    writer.WriteStartElement("publishDate");
                    writer.WriteValue(book.PublishDate.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
                    writer.WriteEndElement();
                    //销售价格节点
                    writer.WriteStartElement("price");
                    writer.WriteValue(book.Price);
                    writer.WriteEndElement();
    
                    writer.WriteEndElement();    //子节点结束
                }
                writer.WriteEndElement();    //父节点结束
            }
            writer.WriteEndDocument();
            writer.Close();
            fileStream.Close();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        { }
    }

XmlTextWriter类：表示提供快速、非缓存、只进方法的编写器，该方法生成包含 XML 数据的流或文件。  
WriteStartDocument()方法：编写XML的声明。  
WriteEndDocument()方法：关闭任何打开的元素或属性并将编写器重新设置为 Start 状态。  
WriteStartElement(string localName)方法：创建一个节点的开始。  
WriteAttributeString(string localName, string value)方法：给节点添加属性。  
WriteValue(value)方法：给节点赋值。

**3、其他代码**

**3.1 获取图书列表**

/// <summary>
    /// 获取图书列表
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public List<BookInfo> GetBookList()
    {
        List<BookInfo> bookList = new List<BookInfo>();
        BookInfo book1 = new BookInfo() { 
            BookId = 1,
            Category = "CHILDREN",
            Title = "Harry Potter",
            Author = "J K. Rowling",
            PublishDate = new DateTime(2005,08,15),
            Price = 29.99
        };
        bookList.Add(book1);
        BookInfo book2 = new BookInfo()
        {
            BookId = 2,
            Category = "WEB",
            Title = "Learning XML",
            Author = "Erik T. Ray",
            PublishDate = new DateTime(2003,10,18),
            Price = 39.95
        };
        bookList.Add(book2);
        return bookList;
    }

**3.2 图书信息实体类**

/// <summary>
    /// 图书信息实体类
    /// </summary>
    public class BookInfo
    {
        public int BookId { set; get; }             //图书ID
        public string Title { set; get; }           //图书名称
        public string Category { set; get; }        //图书分类
        public string Author { set; get; }          //图书作者
        public DateTime PublishDate { set; get; }   //出版时间
        public Double Price { set; get; }           //销售价格
    }