SSH框架搭建最终版【测试、log4j、baseDao】

布满荆棘的人生 2021-09-17 06:48 283阅读 0赞

# 最详细搭建SSH框架环境 #

本博文主要是讲解如何**搭建一个比较规范的SSH开发环境，以及对它测试【在前面的搭建中，只是整合了SSH框架，能够使用SSH实现功能】，而这次是相对规范的。**

## 导入开发包 ##

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## 在Struts配置文件中添加常量 ##

<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
        
        <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
        
        <constant name="struts.action.extention" value="action" />
        
        <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" />

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## 添加struts2过滤器 ##

<filter>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
        </filter>
    
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>

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--------------------

## 添加Spring配置文件 ##

把Spring的配置文件添加到src的目录下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    </beans>

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--------------------

## 注册监听器 ##

在web.xml文件中注册监听器：

<listener>
           <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>

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# 测试SSH #

到目前为止，我们已经搭建好SSH框架了，接下来就是要测试SSH是否完美整合了。**我们会一般会新建一个test包来测试，与src是平级的。**

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## Struts2和Spring ##

预期：**如果可以在action中能够正确调用service里面的方法执行并返回到一个页面中；那么我们认定struts和spring的整合是成功的。**

### **测试IOC容器** ###

*  测试是否能够得到IOC容器

private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
    
        @Test
        public void load() {
    
            context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
    
            System.out.println(context);
    
        }

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--------------------

### **测试Spring** ###

*  创建接口

package zhongfucheng.test.service;
    
    /** * Created by ozc on 2017/5/22. */
    public interface TestService { 
         void say();
    }

*  创建实现，并使用Service注解

package zhongfucheng.test.service.impl;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    /** * Created by ozc on 2017/5/22. */
    
    @Service
    public class TestServiceImpl implements zhongfucheng.test.service.TestService { 
        @Override
        public void say() {
            System.out.println("hi ");
        }
    }

*  **在test包下创建config包，专门来放测试的配置文件的**。把Spring的配置文件放进去,并扫描test包

<context:component-scan base-package="zhongfucheng.test"/>

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*  **在总配置文件中导入在test的Spring配置文件，不然Spring哪知道你配置了哪里**

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*  测试Spring是否能拿到Service对象

@Test
        public void testSpring() {
    
            TestService testService = (TestService) context.getBean("testServiceImpl");
            System.out.println(testService);
        }

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--------------------

### **测试Struts** ###

创建action目录，创建TestAction

package zhongfucheng.test.action;
    
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
    
    /** * Created by ozc on 2017/5/22. */
    public class TestAction extends ActionSupport { 
    
        public String test2()  {
            return SUCCESS;
        }
    }

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在config下多添加一个Struts的配置文件，配置对应的信息。**在Class中要么我们在配置Action的时候把对象交给Spring管理，要么就直接写上类的全名交给Struts2管理。这两种方式都是可以的！**【这里我们使用的是把对象交给Struts2管理，Spring是可以感知的，因为我们导入了Struts2-Spring.jar包】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
    
    <struts>
    
        <package name="test" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
            <action name="test_*" class="zhongfucheng.test.action.TestAction" method="{1}">
                <result name="success">/WEB-INF/jsp/test/test.jsp</result>
            </action>
        </package>
    
    </struts>

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当然了，**在Struts2的总配置文件中也要把test中的Struts配置文件引入**

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**在WEB-INF下创建专门管理JSP的目录，其中创建用于测试的test.jsp**

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*  测试，在Action中调用Service的方法，看能不能跳转到对应的JSP页面和控制台输出数据

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport { 
    
    
        @Qualifier("testServiceImpl")
        @Autowired
        private TestService service;
        public String test2() {
            service.say();
            return SUCCESS;
        }
    }

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--------------------

## 整合hibernate和spring ##

### **C3P0连接池** ###

*  在Spring总配置文件下导入C3P0连接池配置信息，我们发现**外部还导入了一个properties配置文件。**

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
            <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>
            <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property>
            <property name="user" value="${user}"></property>
            <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
            
            <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initialPoolSize}"></property>
            
            <property name="minPoolSize" value="3"></property>
            
            <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}"></property>
            
            <property name="acquireIncrement" value="3"></property>
            
            <property name="maxIdleTime" value="1800"></property>
        </bean>

*  由于配置文件有点多，于是我们也用一个包来整理,db.properties

jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/SSH03?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    user=root
    password=root
    initialPoolSize=10
    maxPoolSize=30

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### **sessionFactory** ###

<bean id="sessionFactory"
              class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                    <prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
            <property name="mappingLocations">
                <list>
                    <value>classpath:zhongfucheng/test/entity/*.hbm.xml</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>

### **测试Spring与Hibernate** ###

*  编写entity包，写一个Person.java来测试【**一般地，JavaBean我们现在都实现Serializable接口**】

package zhongfucheng.test.entity;
    
    /** * Created by ozc on 2017/5/22. */
    public class Person implements Serializable { 
    
        private String id;
        private String username;
        public Person() {
        }
        public Person(String username) {
            this.username = username;
    
        }
    
        public String getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(String id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
    
        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
        }
    }

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*  Person.hbm.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    
    <hibernate-mapping>
        <class name="zhongfucheng.test.entity.Person" table="person">
            <id name="id" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="id" length="32" />
                <generator class="uuid.hex" />
            </id>
            <property name="username" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="username" length="20" not-null="true" />
            </property>
        </class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

*  使用Junit测试：

@Test
        public void testHibernate() {
    
            SessionFactory factory = (SessionFactory) context.getBean("sessionFactory");
    
            Session session = factory.openSession();
            session.beginTransaction();
    
            session.save(new Person("人员1"));
    
            session.getTransaction().commit();
            session.close();
        }

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--------------------

## 测试框架分层的整合(service与dao) ##

**创建TestDao接口，创建TestDaoImpl实例，继承HibernateDaoSupport这个类【方便开发】，实现TestDao接口**

public class TestDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements TestDao { 
    
        @Override
        public void save(Person person) {
            getHibernateTemplate().save(person);
        }
    }

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值得注意的是：**继承了HibernateDaoSupport这个类，这个类是需要SessionFactory的，通过注解的方式给不了【给属性的话，属性只与TestDaoImpl相关，而HibernateDaoSupport的setFactory()被定义了final】，因此只能通过XML的方式来配置【XML配置TestDaoImpl，TestDaoImpl是拥有setFactory方法的，不能改写，但是能通过XML注入呀】**

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@Service
    public class TestServiceImpl implements zhongfucheng.test.service.TestService { 
    
    
        @Autowired
        private TestDao testDaoImpl;
        @Override
        public void save(Person person) {
            testDaoImpl.save(person);
        }
    }

*  测试框架分层

@Test
        public void testMVC() {
    
            TestService service = (TestService) context.getBean("testServiceImpl");
            service.save(new Person("人员2"));
        }

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--------------------

## 测试Spring事务 ##

在Spring的总配置文件下添加以下配置：

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*  测试事务，**在Service方法中添加一个异常在保存下面，看看有没有回滚事务，如果有就证明事务有效了。**

@Test
        public void testTx() {
    
            TestService service = (TestService) context.getBean("testServiceImpl");
            service.save(new Person("人员3"));
        }

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--------------------

## 配置log4j ##

我们发现，每当使用Junit测试的时候都出现了以下的红色信息，虽然对我们的功能没有任何影响：

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它出现的原因是没有配置log4j，**其实log4j对我们很有用。可以根据日志文件来找到对应的错误，我们在开发中也应该使用它**。

要配置log4j，**要导入jar包：com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar【在导入SSH的jar包中已经存在了】**

### **配置`log4j.properties`** ###

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p [%t] %c{
        1}:%L - %m%n
    
    #默认从warn开始
    log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout, R
    
    log4j.logger.zhongfucheng=debug
    
    log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
    
    #R.File是把日志信息输出到哪里
    log4j.appender.R.File=D:/itcast/itcast.log
    log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %5p  %c - %m%n

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输出到硬盘的日志文件：

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 24]

--------------------

## 编写基类BaseDao ##

package zhongfucheng.core.dao;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public interface BaseDao<T> {
        //新增
        public void save(T entity);
        //更新
        public void update(T entity);
        //根据id删除
        public void delete(Serializable id);
        //根据id查找
        public T findObjectById(Serializable id);
        //查找列表
        public List<T> findObjects();
    }

*  BaseDao的实现：

package zhongfucheng.core.dao.impl;
    
    import org.hibernate.Query;
    import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
    import zhongfucheng.core.dao.BaseDao;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
    import java.util.List;
    
    
    public abstract class BaseDaoImpl<T> extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BaseDao<T> { 
    
        Class<T> clazz;
    
        public BaseDaoImpl(){
            ParameterizedType pt =  (ParameterizedType)this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();//BaseDaoImpl<User>
            clazz = (Class<T>)pt.getActualTypeArguments()[0];
        }
    
        @Override
        public void save(T entity) {
            getHibernateTemplate().save(entity);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void update(T entity) {
            getHibernateTemplate().update(entity);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void delete(Serializable id) {
            getHibernateTemplate().delete(findObjectById(id));
        }
    
        @Override
        public T findObjectById(Serializable id) {
            return getHibernateTemplate().get(clazz, id);
        }
    
        @Override
        public List<T> findObjects() {
            Query query = getSession().createQuery("FROM " + clazz.getSimpleName());
            return query.list();
        }
    
    }

--------------------

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