golang NewRequest gorequest 实现http请求

冷不防 2021-09-03 10:50 646阅读 0赞

**目录**

1.http.Post

2.http.NewRequest

3.gorequest

--------------------

通过go语言实现http请求

### 1.http.Post ###

import (
    	"net/http"
    	"net/url"
    )
    
    data := url.Values{"start":{"100"}, "hobby":{"xxxx"}}
    body := strings.NewReader(data.Encode())
    resp, err := http.Post("127.0.0.1:9338", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", body)

net/http包没有封装直接使用请求带header的get或者post方法，所以，要想请求中带header，只能使用NewRequest方法

### 2.http.NewRequest ###

客户端：

import (
    	"net/http"
    	"json"
    	"ioutil"
    )
    type Student struct{
    	id string
    	name string
    }
    
    type StudentReq struct{
    	id string
    	name string
    }
    func main() {
    	stu := Student{
    		id:"2ed4tg5fe35fgty3yy6uh",
    		name:"amber",
    	}
    	stu,err := json.Marshal(&stu)
    	reader := bytes.NewReader(stu)
    	request,err := http.NewRequest("POST", "http://192.168.1.12:8000/create", reader)
    	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    	client:=&http.Client{}
    	response,err := client.Do(request)
    	defer response.Body.Close()
    	body,err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
    	fmt.Printf(string(body))
    	
    	var stuReq StudentReq 
    	err = json.UnMarshal(body, &stuReq)
    	fmt.Println(json.MarshalIndent(stuReq))
    }

解析：

1.  stu,err := json.Marshal(&stu)：将stu对象改为json格式
2.  reader := bytes.NewReader(stu)：所以将json改为byte格式，作为body传给http请求
3.  request,err := http.NewRequest(“POST”, “http://192.168.1.12:8000/create”, reader)：创建url
4.  response,err := client.Do(request)：客户端发起请求，接收返回值
5.  body,err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)：读取body的值，类型是byte
6.  json.MarshalIndent(stuReq)：修改json为标准格式

注意（坑）：  
1、header里的参数是Content-Type，不要写成ContentType  
2、【go http: read on closed response body 】如果发送的请求是分为2个func写的，记住defer要在ioutil.ReadAll之后执行，否则报错

### 3.gorequest ###

这种方式适合在url里拼接参数使用param直接传递

"github.com/parnurzeal/gorequest"
    
    func main() {
    	resp, body, errs := gorequest.New().Post("http://127.0.0.1/create").Param("ip", "192.168.1.4").EndBytes()
    		if errs != nil || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
    			log.Errorf("fail to call api with errors %v, %+v", errs, body)
    		}
    	var stuReq StudentReq 
    	err = json.UnMarshal(body, &stuReq)
    	fmt.Println(json.MarshalIndent(stuReq))
    }