Python中的数组（列表）

缺乏、安全感 2021-07-26 02:34 483阅读 0赞

**目录**

数组的基本用法

处理函数：min()、max（）、sum()

修改元素

增加元素：append（）

删除元素

使用del

使用pop()

指定名称删除

数组排序

sort()、reverse（）

给sort()传参

排序函数：sorted()

数组循环

for in

循环索引:enumerate

数组切片

range()基本用法

range（）生成数组：奇数数组、偶数数组

lambda写法

元祖

--------------------

# 数组的基本用法 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

arr = ["A", "B", "hello world", "D", "E"]
    print(arr)
    print(arr[0])
    print(arr[1])
    print(arr[2].title())
    print(len(arr))

# 处理函数：min()、max（）、sum() #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

# 处理函数
    nums = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
    print(min(nums))
    print(max(nums))
    print(sum(nums))

# 修改元素 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

# 增加元素：append（） #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![202101031935549.png][]

arr = []
    arr.append("A")
    arr.append("B")
    arr.append("C")
    arr.append("D")
    arr.append("E")
    
    print(arr)

# 删除元素 #

## 使用del ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

arr = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']
    print(arr)
    
    del arr[0]
    print(arr)

## 使用pop() ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

arr = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']
    print("arr", arr)
    
    pop_item = arr.pop()
    print("pop_item", pop_item)
    print("arr", arr)

## 指定名称删除 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

arr = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']
    print("arr", arr)
    
    remove_item = arr.remove("C")
    print("remove_item", remove_item)
    print("arr", arr)

# 数组排序 #

## sort()、reverse（） ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

arr = ["A", "B", "hello world", "D", "E"]
    print("原始的arr:", arr)
    
    arr.sort()
    print("arr.sort()后的arr：", arr)
    
    arr.reverse()
    print("arr.reverse()后的arr：", arr)

## 给sort()传参 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

arr = ["A", "B", "hello world", "D", "E"]
    print("原始的arr:", arr)
    
    arr.sort(reverse=True)
    print(arr)
    
    arr.sort(reverse=False)
    print(arr)

## 排序函数：sorted() ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

arr = ["A", "B", "hello world", "D", "E"]
    print("原始的arr:", arr)
    print(sorted(arr))
    print(sorted(arr, reverse=True))

# 数组循环 #

## for in ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

arr = ["A", "B", "hello world", "D", "E"]
    
    print("start.........")
    
    for item in arr:
        print(item)
    
    print("end..........")

## 循环索引:enumerate ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

arr = ["A", "B", "hello world", "D", "E"]
    
    print("start.........")
    
    for i, item in enumerate(arr):
        print(i, item)
    
    print("end..........")

# 数组切片 #

使用数组切片来表示数组的一部分

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

arr = []
    arr.append("A")
    arr.append("B")
    arr.append("C")
    arr.append("D")
    arr.append("E")
    
    print("arr:", arr)
    print("arr[0:3]:", arr[0:3])
    print("arr[1:4]:", arr[1:4])
    print("arr[:3]:", arr[:3])
    print("arr[2:]:", arr[2:])
    
    print('-------------------------')
    
    # 循环切片
    for item in arr[:3]:
        print(item)
    
    print('=========================')
    
    # 复制切片
    test = arr[:3]
    print("test:", test)
    
    test.append("FF")
    print("append后的test:", test)

# range()基本用法 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

print("range(5)：", range(5))
    
    # 使用range()函数
    for val in range(5):
        print(val)
    
    print("---------------")
    
    # 指定range()的范围
    for val in range(1, 5):
        print(val)

# range（）生成数组：奇数数组、偶数数组 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

# 生成数组
    nums = list(range(1, 5))
    print(nums)
    
    # 奇数数组
    nums = list(range(1, 11, 2))
    print(nums)
    
    # 偶数数组
    nums = list(range(2, 11, 2))
    print(nums)

# lambda写法 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

nums = []
    for val in range(1, 5):
        nums.append(val*2)
    print(nums)
    
    print("-----------------")
    
    # lambda写法
    nums = [val*2 for val in range(1, 5)]
    print(nums)

# 元祖 #

元组是一种特殊的数组(列表)，是一种不可变的数组 。

*  通过小括号()定义元组
 *  元组是不可变的数组(列表)。也就是说，元祖中的每个值是固定的，是不可以变化的，如果给元祖中的某个值重新赋值，将会报错。但是注意：我们是可以给元祖这个整体重新设置，如下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

arr = (3, 5, 8, 13)
    
    print(arr)
    print(arr[0])
    print(arr[1])
    print(arr[2])
    
    print("-----------")
    
    # 循环元组
    for val in arr:
        print(val)
    
    print("-----------")
    
    # 元组重新设置
    arr = ("a", "b", "c")
    print(arr)
    for val in arr:
        print(val)

如果给元祖中的值重新赋值将会报错，如下所示：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwMzIzMjU2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20210725/98f7badb21be484baf12d85bb49b00de.png
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[202101031935549.png]: /images/20210725/75c5c5daefbe4d57bb5f12ead0934665.png
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