Spring Boot系列八 spring boot集成jsp、restful接口、springmvc基本功能 ╰半橙微兮° 2021-06-24 15:57 226阅读 0赞 ## 1. 概述 ## 本文介绍spring boot里的spring mvc部分的用法,主要包括如下: * 1 实现 spring boot 集成jsp: @Controller+ @RequestMapping * 2 模拟登录功能: ModelAndView * 3 spring boot 实现restful接口:@RestController ## 2. 第一个demo: spring boot集成jsp ## 工程: mvc 本节实现spring boot集成jsp功能 ### 2.1. pom.xml ### 引入相关的类 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>mvc</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>mvc</name> <description>Demo project for spring mvc</description> <parent> <groupId>com.hry.spring</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <dependencies> <!-- spring mvc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> <!--<scope>provided</scope>--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project> ### 2.2. application.properties ### # 页面默认前缀目录 spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/page/ ## 响应页面默认后缀 spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp **注意**:自己写的jsp页面请放置到这个目录下“META-INF/resources/WEB-INF/page/” ### 2.3. JSP页面配置 ### META-INF/resources/:请将jsp文件配置在这个目录下,如果不配置在这个目录下,则会出现无法找到jsp页面的问题 META-INF/resources/WEB-INF/page/first/index.jsp <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> This is spring mvc first page. </body> </html> ### 2.4. FirstControl ### 第一个测试control @Controller: 定义controller层类 @RequestMapping:定义本请求的请求url 请求后,返回”META-INF/resources/WEB-INF/page/first/index.jsp”的内容 @Controller public class FirstControl { /** * http://127.0.0.1:8080/first * 返回页面META-INF/resources/WEB-INF/page/first/index.jsp * @param model * @return */ @RequestMapping("/first") public String first(Model model) { model.addAttribute("message", "Hello World!"); return "first/index"; } } ### 2.5. 启动类MvcApplication ### MvcApplication 需要继承SpringBootServletInitializer,重写configure方法。方法fastJsonHttpMessageConverters表示使用fastjson做为json解析的工具 spring mvc的demo都使用这个做为启动类 @SpringBootApplication public class MvcApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MvcApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MvcApplication.class, args); } /** * 使用fastjson做为spring mvc的json序列化 * @return */ @Bean public HttpMessageConverters fastJsonHttpMessageConverters() { FastJsonHttpMessageConverter fastConverter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter(); FastJsonConfig fastJsonConfig = new FastJsonConfig(); fastJsonConfig.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat); fastConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig); HttpMessageConverter<?> converter = fastConverter; return new HttpMessageConverters(converter); } } ### 2.6. 测试 ### 执行请求: [http://127.0.0.1:8080/first][http_127.0.0.1_8080_first] 返回内容: This is spring mvc first page. ## 3. 第二个demo: 实现简单的登陆的功能 ## 和上节在相同的工程mvc中,本节只列出不同的地方。 功能如下 :我们先登录from.jsp后,用户输入到信息,如果成功,则转到succ.jsp,否则转到home.jsp ### 3.1. 相关jsp页面 ### 以下页面配置在这个目录中:META-INF/resources/WEB-INF/page/login **form.jsp** 登录界面 <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="login" method="post"> username:<input type="text" name="username" /> <p> password:<input type="password" name="password" /> <p> <input type="submit" value="submit" /> </form> </body> </html> **home.jsp** <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h2>home</h2> </body> </html> **succ.jsp** <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h2>登陆</h2> username:${username } <p>password:${password } </body> </html> ### 3.2. LoginController ### 登录的controller类 String login(): 此方法会转到上节的form.jsp页面 ModelAndView login(String username,String password):演示ModelAndView 的用法,如果成功,则转到succ.jsp,否则转到home.jsp @Controller public class LoginController { /** * 登录页面:http://127.0.0.1:8080//login/login * * @return */ @RequestMapping(value="/login/form",method=RequestMethod.GET) public String login(){ return "/login/form"; } /*** * 用户登陆 * <p>注解配置,只允许POST提交到该方法 * @param username * @param password * @return */ @RequestMapping(value="/login/login",method=RequestMethod.POST) public ModelAndView login(String username,String password){ //验证传递过来的参数是否正确,否则返回到登陆页面。 if(this.checkParams(new String[]{username,password})){ //指定要返回的页面为succ.jsp ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("/login/succ"); //将参数返回给页面 mav.addObject("username",username); mav.addObject("password", password); return mav; } return new ModelAndView("/login/home"); } /*** * 验证参数是否为空 * @param params * @return */ private boolean checkParams(String[] params){ for(String param:params){ if(param==""||param==null||param.isEmpty()){ return false; } } return true; } } ### 3.3. 测试 ### **登录成功功能** 执行url : [http://localhost:8080/login/form][http_localhost_8080_login_form] 随便填入信息,则返回: 登陆 username:lastName password:2222 **登录失败功能** 执行url : [http://localhost:8080/login/form][http_localhost_8080_login_form] 不填写内容,则返回: home ## 4. 第三个demo: spring boot 实现restful接口 ## 和上节在相同的工程mvc中,本节只列出不同的地方。 ### 4.1. VO ### class VO { private String name; private String value; // set/get略 } ### 4.2. @RestController ### @RestController: 定义此类是 @RequestMapping:定义在类上,则所有方法的url前缀是rest;定义在方法上,则作用在方法上 VO getUser():此方法演示返回一个对象,@RestController会自动转化为json字符串 String getUserHtml:此方法演示直接返回一个字段串 @RestController @RequestMapping(value = "/rest") public class RestControllerTest { /** * 方法返回对象 * http://127.0.0.1:8080/rest/vo * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/vo", method = RequestMethod.GET) public VO getUser() { VO vo = new VO(); vo.setName("name"); vo.setValue("value"); return vo; } /** * * 直接返回内容 * http://localhost:8080/rest/string * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/string", method = RequestMethod.GET) // @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK) public String getUserHtml() { return "{'example':'---'}"; } } ### 4.3. 测试 ### **测试演示返回一个对象,@RestController会自动转化为json字符串** 执行url : [http://localhost:8080/rest/vo][http_localhost_8080_rest_vo] 返回: { "name":"name", "value":"value" } **测试直接返回一个字符串:** 执行url : [http://localhost:8080/rest/string][http_localhost_8080_rest_string] 返回: "{'example':'---'}" ## 6. 代码 ## 上文的详细代码[见github代码,请尽量使用tag v0.3,不要使用master,因为master一直在变,不能保证文章中代码和github上的代码一直相同][github_tag v0.3_master_master_github] [http_127.0.0.1_8080_first]: http://127.0.0.1:8080/first [http_localhost_8080_login_form]: http://localhost:8080/login/form [http_localhost_8080_rest_vo]: http://localhost:8080/rest/vo [http_localhost_8080_rest_string]: http://localhost:8080/rest/string [github_tag v0.3_master_master_github]: https://github.com/hryou0922/spring_boot/tree/v0.3/mvc/src/main/java/com/hry/spring/mvc
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