Bridge模式（桥接模式）

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2024-03-30 10:10 39阅读 0赞

#### 模式简介 ####

桥接模式用于将抽象与实现相分离，二者的变化相互独立互不影响。

#### 模式UML图 ####

![5c9d16aa011844de893451b7ae328add.jpeg][]

#### 代码示例（C\#） ####

**提示：**可在本栏目的资源篇“[设计模式代码示例合集][Link 1]”下载所有完整代码资源。

//季节
        public enum Season
        {
            Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter
        }
    
        //颜色
        public enum Color
        {
            Red, Blue, Orange, White, Black, Yellow, Green, Purple
        }
    
        public class Shirt : Clothes
        {
            public Shirt(string p_name, string p_material, Season p_applicableSeason, ColorDyer p_colorDyer) :
            base(p_name, p_material, p_applicableSeason, p_colorDyer)
            { }
            public override void Dressed(Man p_man)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------");
                colorDyer.Dye();
                Console.WriteLine(p_man.name + " is wearing a " + colorDyer.color + " " + name + " made of " + material + " which is suitable for " + applicableSeason + " wear.");
            }
        }
    
        public class Sweater : Clothes
        {
            public Sweater(string p_name, string p_material, Season p_applicableSeason, ColorDyer p_colorDyer) :
            base(p_name, p_material, p_applicableSeason, p_colorDyer)
            { }
            public override void Dressed(Man p_man)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------");
                colorDyer.Dye();
                Console.WriteLine(p_man.name + " is wearing a " + colorDyer.color + " " + name + " made of " + material + " which is suitable for " + applicableSeason + " wear.");
            }
        }
    
        public class ShortSleeve : Clothes
        {
            public ShortSleeve(string p_name, string p_material, Season p_applicableSeason, ColorDyer p_colorDyer) :
            base(p_name, p_material, p_applicableSeason, p_colorDyer)
            { }
            public override void Dressed(Man p_man)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------");
                colorDyer.Dye();
                Console.WriteLine(p_man.name + " is wearing a " + colorDyer.color + " " + name + " made of " + material + " which is suitable for " + applicableSeason + " wear.");
            }
        }
    
        public class Jacket : Clothes
        {
            public Jacket(string p_name, string p_material, Season p_applicableSeason, ColorDyer p_colorDyer) :
            base(p_name, p_material, p_applicableSeason, p_colorDyer)
            { }
            public override void Dressed(Man p_man)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------");
                colorDyer.Dye();
                Console.WriteLine(p_man.name + " is wearing a " + colorDyer.color + " " + name + " made of " + material + " which is suitable for " + applicableSeason + " wear.");
            }
        }
    
        public class RedDyer : ColorDyer
        {
            public RedDyer(Color p_color) : base(p_color) { }
    
            public override void Dye()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The dress is dyed red.");
            }
        }
    
        public class OrangeDyer : ColorDyer
        {
            public OrangeDyer(Color p_color) : base(p_color) { }
    
            public override void Dye()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The dress is dyed orange.");
            }
        }
    
        public class PurpleDyer : ColorDyer
        {
            public PurpleDyer(Color p_color) : base(p_color) { }
    
            public override void Dye()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The dress is dyed purple.");
            }
        }
    
        public class WhiteDyer : ColorDyer
        {
            public WhiteDyer(Color p_color) : base(p_color) { }
    
            public override void Dye()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The dress is dyed white.");
            }
        }
    
        public abstract class Clothes
        {
            public string name;
            public string material;
            public Season applicableSeason;
            protected ColorDyer colorDyer;
            public Clothes(string p_name, string p_material, Season p_applicableSeason, ColorDyer p_colorDyer)
            {
                name = p_name;
                material = p_material;
                applicableSeason = p_applicableSeason;
                colorDyer = p_colorDyer;
            }
            public abstract void Dressed(Man p_man);
        }
    
        public abstract class ColorDyer
        {
            public Color color;
            public ColorDyer(Color p_color) { color = p_color; }
            public abstract void Dye();
        }
    
        public class Man
        {
            public string name;
            public Man(string p_name)
            {
                name = p_name;
            }
            public void Walk()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The man named " + name + " is walking.");
                Thread.Sleep(new Random().Next(3000));
            }
        }
    
        //测试代码
        public void Test()
        {
            Man jojo = new Man("JoJo");
            Man kaka = new Man("KaKa");
    
            RedDyer redDyer = new RedDyer(Color.Red);
            OrangeDyer orangeDyer = new OrangeDyer(Color.Orange);
            PurpleDyer purpleDyer = new PurpleDyer(Color.Purple);
            WhiteDyer whiteDyer = new WhiteDyer(Color.White);
    
            Shirt whiteShirt = new Shirt("Shirt", "cotton", Season.Spring, whiteDyer);
            Sweater orangeSweater = new Sweater("Sweater", "polyester-fiber", Season.Autumn, orangeDyer);
            ShortSleeve purpleShortSleeve = new ShortSleeve("ShortSleeve", "cotton", Season.Summer, purpleDyer);
            Jacket redJacket = new Jacket("Jacket", "polyester-fiber and cotton", Season.Winter, redDyer);
    
            whiteShirt.Dressed(jojo);
            redJacket.Dressed(jojo);
            purpleShortSleeve.Dressed(kaka);
            orangeSweater.Dressed(kaka);
        }

#### 代码解说 ####

我们简单模拟了一下衣服的染色过程，我们有Shirt、Sweater、ShortSleeve、Jacket四种类型的衣服，并且每种衣服都可以染Red、Orange、Purple、White四种不同的颜色，这样就会有16种组合，如果每种组合我们都去定义一个类就会出现类爆炸问题，所以我们就可以采用桥接模式，将衣服与染色先分开，二者分别创建一个基类Clothes和ColorDyer，四种衣服分别继承Clothes基类，四种染色器分别继承ColorDyer，但是我们在Clothes基类中定义一个ColorDyer，这里就实现了Clothes与ColorDyer的桥接模式，当我们制作一件衣服时需要通过一个染色器进行染色，当我们下次有一种新的衣服或新的染色器时只需要添加一个类即可，就不需要再定义四个类，这就是桥接模式的好处。

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[5c9d16aa011844de893451b7ae328add.jpeg]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/30/589af93dcbf14c9db845ed87576bceb0.jpeg
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/hgf1037882434/article/details/128394782